Article
Oncology
Shouki Bazarbashi, Ahmed Alzahrani, Ali Aljubran, Mahmoud Elshenawy, Ahmed Mostafa Gad, Fatima Maraiki, Noura Alzannan, Tusneem Elhassan, Ahmed Badran
Summary: This study aimed to test the alternating use of sunitinib and bevacizumab for advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients. The results showed that adding bevacizumab to sunitinib treatment can continuously block angiogenesis and effectively inhibit tumor growth with manageable toxicity.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Fengjun Sun, Zhuo Chen, Pu Yao, Bangbi Weng, Zhirui Liu, Lin Cheng
Summary: The ABCG2 gene variant rs2231142 A allele was associated with an increased risk of sunitinib-induced thrombocytopenia and hand-foot syndrome in Asians. The ABCB1 gene variant rs1128503 T allele was associated with a decreased risk of sunitinib-induced hypertension but worse progression-free survival. The ABCB1 gene variant rs2032582 T allele was associated with worse progression-free survival.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Aaron R. Lim, Benjamin G. Vincent, Alissa M. Weaver, W. Kimryn Rathmell
Summary: This study found that tyrosine kinase inhibitors Sunitinib and Axitinib can increase the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from human renal cell carcinoma cells. These EVs contained enriched metabolic proteins, particularly GLUT1, which led to higher glucose uptake and glycolytic metabolism. Overall, the findings suggest that these tyrosine kinase inhibitors alter metabolic cargo and activity in RCC EVs.
CANCER GENE THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
T. K. Choueiri, T. Powles, M. Burotto, B. Escudier, M. T. Bourlon, B. Zurawski, V. M. Oyervides Juarez, J. J. Hsieh, U. Basso, A. Y. Shah, C. Suarez, A. Hamzaj, J. C. Goh, C. Barrios, M. Richardet, C. Porta, R. Kowalyszyn, J. P. Feregrino, J. Zolnierek, D. Pook, E. R. Kessler, Y. Tomita, R. Mizuno, J. Bedke, J. Zhang, M. A. Maurer, B. Simsek, F. Ejzykowicz, G. M. Schwab, A. B. Apolo, R. J. Motzer
Summary: The study demonstrates that nivolumab plus cabozantinib has significant advantages over sunitinib in the treatment of previously untreated advanced renal-cell carcinoma, including progression-free survival, overall survival, and likelihood of response.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yun Peng, Shiqiang Dong, Yuxuan Song, Dingkun Hou, Lili Wang, Bowen Li, Haitao Wang
Summary: This study identified key immune-related genes and hub genes associated with sunitinib and immune infiltration in clear cell RCC (ccRCC), providing insights into sunitinib resistance and potential biomarkers or drug targets for ccRCC.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hossam Kamli, Evan P. Owens, David A. Vesey, Rajagopalan Prasanna, Li Li, Glenda C. Gobe, Christudas Morais
Summary: This study explores the potential of IL-6 inhibition with tocilizumab to overcome resistance to sunitinib in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. In vitro experiments showed that tocilizumab induced cell death and decreased the expression of IL-6, VEGF, and Bcl-2 in sunitinib-resistant cells. However, the in vivo experiments did not support these findings, as tocilizumab did not reduce tumor growth.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Adam M. Kase, Daniel J. George, Sundhar Ramalingam
Summary: Biological discoveries in the past two decades have revolutionized the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. The development of agents targeting pro-angiogenic pathways and immunogenicity have significantly impacted the management of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Clear cell is the most common subtype, and therapies have focused on the Von Hippel Lindau gene alterations, leading to the approval of tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Combinations of these treatments have become the standard of care for advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma, with promising new therapeutic targets under development.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Juan Jin, Yuhao Xie, Jin-Shi Zhang, Jing-Quan Wang, Shi-Jie Dai, Wen-fang He, Shou-Ye Li, Charles R. Ashby Jr, Zhe-Sheng Chen, Qiang He
Summary: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most prevalent type of kidney cancer, and targeted therapy with Sunitinib has become the main treatment option due to the lack of efficacy in radiation therapy and chemotherapy. However, many patients develop resistance to Sunitinib within months of therapy. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of Sunitinib resistance, strategies to overcome it, and potential predictive biomarkers.
DRUG RESISTANCE UPDATES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Wataru Fukumoto, Hirofumi Yoshino, Shin-Ichi Horike, Issei Kawakami, Motoki Tamai, Junya Arima, Ichiro Kawahara, Akihiko Mitsuke, Takashi Sakaguchi, Satoru Inoguchi, Makiko Meguro-Horike, Shuichi Tatarano, Hideki Enokida
Summary: Multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, including VEGF inhibitors like sunitinib, have been commonly used in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with recurrent or distant metastasis. However, the development of sunitinib resistance has become a major challenge. In this study, RNA sequencing analysis revealed that increased expression of secretogranin II (SCG2) was associated with sunitinib-resistant RCC cells. Further investigations showed that SCG2 knockdown inhibited migratory and invasive abilities of RCC cells, suppressed angiogenesis, and decreased VEGF expression. These findings suggest that SCG2 may play a role in sunitinib resistance through VEGF regulation in RCC cells, providing potential targets for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Article
Oncology
Zeshen Wu, Yulu Peng, Longbin Xiong, Jun Wang, Zhen Li, Kang Ning, Minhua Deng, Ning Wang, Wensu Wei, Zhiyong Li, Pei Dong, Chunping Yu, Fangjian Zhou, Zhiling Zhang
Summary: This study reveals that Sam68 protein impacts the sensitivity to the drug Sunitinib by mediating cell apoptosis. The expression level of Sam68 is higher in Sunitinib-sensitive tumor tissues, and downregulation of Sam68 inhibits Sunitinib-induced cell apoptosis. These findings suggest that Sam68 expression level may serve as a biomarker for predicting Sunitinib sensitivity in RCC patients.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yunxia Wang, Xiaolin Liu, Luyao Gong, Weihong Ding, Wenjing Hao, Yeheng Peng, Jun Zhang, Weimin Cai, Yuan Gao
Summary: This review summarizes the mechanisms of sunitinib resistance in renal cell carcinoma, including activation of bypass or alternative pathways, inadequate drug accumulation, tumor microenvironment, metabolic reprogramming, and epigenetic regulation. It also covers current and potential biomarkers as well as treatment strategies for overcoming sunitinib resistance.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomonori Sato, Yoshihide Kawasaki, Masamitsu Maekawa, Shinya Takasaki, Kento Morozumi, Masahiko Sato, Shuichi Shimada, Naoki Kawamorita, Shinichi Yamashita, Koji Mitsuzuka, Nariyasu Mano, Akihiro Ito
Summary: Metabolomics analysis can identify potential therapeutic targets for treatment resistance in cancer, such as sunitinib resistance in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), through changes in metabolites. This study found that alterations in energy metabolism, glycolysis upregulation, and antioxidant activity are associated with sunitinib resistance in RCC cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoyi Du, Zhipeng Zhao, Xin Zhao, Hexi Wang, Li Jiang, Wei Tang
Summary: In this study, we analyzed the subtypes of ccRCC mediated by 8 TSGs contained in the 3p21.3 gene cluster and their effects on TME cell infiltration. A risk score model was established to predict prognosis and drug sensitivity. The hub gene NPRL2 was found to promote sunitinib sensitivity in ccRCC cells.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Zoe Guillaume, Marie Auvray, Yann Vano, Stephane Oudard, Dominique Helley, Laetitia Mauge
Summary: This article highlights the role of angiogenesis in renal cancer treatment, suggesting that angiogenesis-related markers can be potential predictors of treatment response. However, there is still limited research on these markers in immunotherapy.
Article
Oncology
Zizhen Feng, Brendan D. Curti, David I. Quinn, John M. Strother, Zunqiu Chen, Rebecca Agnor, Tomasz M. Beer, Christopher W. Ryan
Summary: This study assessed the efficacy of combining Sunitinib and Erlotinib in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma. The results showed that the combination therapy did not provide better outcomes in terms of 8-month progression-free survival rate compared to Sunitinib monotherapy.
CLINICAL GENITOURINARY CANCER
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Gianluca M. Sampietro, Giovanni Maconi, Francesco Colombo, Dario Dilillo, Paolo Fiorina, Francesca D'Addio, Cristian Loretelli, Cecilia Mantegazza, Manuela Nebuloni, Fabio Corsi, Gianvincenzo Zuccotti, Sandro Ardizzone, Alberto Corona, Diego Foschi
Summary: This study provides new information on the mesentery and lymphnodes in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). The thickened mesentery and enlarged lymphnodes are associated with the location and behavior of the disease, but not with surgical recurrence.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Vera Usuelli, Cristian Loretelli, Andy Joe Seelam, Ida Pastore, Francesca D'Addio, Moufida Ben Nasr, Paolo Fiorina
Summary: This review emphasizes the role of novel soluble mediators in the activation of innate immunity during solid allograft rejection and discusses emerging strategies to alleviate rejection events. Understanding the activation of the innate immune system may help mitigate solid allograft rejection and improve outcomes for transplanted recipients.
Article
Oncology
Giulia Orsi, Alessandro Cavaliere, Giampaolo Tortora, Sara Lonardi, Marina Macchini, Mariacristina Di Marco, Guido Giordano, Enrico Vasile, Mario Scartozzi, Silvia Bozzarelli, Silvia Noventa, Maria Grazia Rodriquenz, Anna Maria Militello, Ilario Giovanni Rapposelli, Ingrid Garajova, Stefania De Lorenzo, Barbara Merelli, Alessandro Bittoni, Lisa Salvatore, Letizia Procaccio, Chiara Paratore, Andrea Spallanzani, Umberto Peretti, Monica Niger, Elisa Giommoni, Ilaria Bernardini, Emiliano Tamburini, Katia Bernardino, Laura Forti, Maria Maddalena Valente, Stefano Cascinu, Michele Milella, Michele Reni
Summary: This study demonstrates the beneficial role of platinum agents in PDAC patients with gBRCA1-2pv, both in second-line treatment and as part of early 3- and 4-drug platinum-based chemotherapy combinations, providing improved survival outcomes.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Chiara Tommasi, Rita Balsano, Matilde Coriano, Benedetta Pellegrino, Giorgio Saba, Fabio Bardanzellu, Nerina Denaro, Matteo Ramundo, Ilaria Toma, Alessandro Fusaro, Serafina Martella, Marco Maria Aiello, Mario Scartozzi, Antonino Musolino, Cinzia Solinas
Summary: Breast cancer is a lethal disease that leads to the death of women and has a significant impact on their survival and quality of life. Although modern surgical and radiotherapy techniques have improved survival rates, they also have long-term side effects such as lymphedema and neuropathy. New therapies have revolutionized breast cancer outcomes, but side effects persist even after years of treatment. In addition to medical and surgical side effects, breast cancer also affects patients' lives through body image distortion, psychological consequences, and impact on family dynamics. Therefore, the doctor-patient relationship is crucial in providing optimal support to patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Valentina Fanotto, Francesca Salani, Caterina Vivaldi, Mario Scartozzi, Dario Ribero, Marco Puzzoni, Francesco Montagnani, Francesco Leone, Enrico Vasile, Maria Bencivenga, Giovanni De Manzoni, Debora Basile, Lorenzo Fornaro, Gianluca Masi, Giuseppe Aprile
Summary: The role of surgical resection in the management of metastatic colorectal, gastric, and pancreatic cancers is still a matter of debate. This review paper examines the available evidence from randomized and retrospective studies, aiming to provide clinicians with up-to-date information on this topic. The management of the primary tumor in these patients can be challenging, but there is currently no definitive evidence to support the survival advantage of surgical resection.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Alessandro Passardi, Alessandro Bittoni, Zhigang Bai, Zhongtao Zhang, Cornelis Sier, Yulong He, Endrit Shahini, Antonio Giovanni Solimando
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Oncology
Antonio Maccio, Clelia Madeddu, Eleonora Lai, Mario Scartozzi
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Claudia Vanetti, Vito Lampasona, Marta Stracuzzi, Claudio Fenizia, Mara Biasin, Irma Saulle, Fiona Limanaqi, Ahmed Abdelsalam, Cristian Loretelli, Laura Paradiso, Emma Longoni, Lucia Barcellini, Lorenzo Piemonti, Ilaria Marzinotto, Stefania Dispinseri, Antonella Amendola, Clara Fappani, Elisabetta Tanzi, Mario Salvatore Clerici, Gabriella Scarlatti, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti, Vania Giacomet, Daria Trabattoni
Summary: This study analyzed the immune profiles of 18 hospitalized children with SARS-CoV-2 infection and found that different severity levels of children cases showed different immune characteristics. Infants with severe symptoms exhibited high inflammatory response and extreme antibody response, while mild cases had lower levels of inflammation and antibodies. Overall, the immune response in children is directly correlated with the clinical severity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Pina Ziranu, Valentina Aimola, Andrea Pretta, Marco Dubois, Raffaele Murru, Nicole Liscia, Flaviana Cau, Mara Persano, Giulia Deias, Enrico Palmas, Francesco Loi, Marco Migliari, Valeria Pusceddu, Marco Puzzoni, Eleonora Lai, Stefano Cascinu, Gavino Faa, Mario Scartozzi
Summary: In this study, the role of CD44 expression as a prognostic marker in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer was analyzed. CD44 is a multi-structural and multifunctional non-kinase transmembrane glycoprotein that is recognized as a molecular marker of cancer stem cells. Elevated CD44 expression correlated with more aggressive tumor behavior and poor prognostic features, suggesting its role as a novel prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target for mCRC patients.
Article
Oncology
Clelia Madeddu, Silvia Busquets, Clelia Donisi, Eleonora Lai, Andrea Pretta, Francisco Javier Lopez-Soriano, Josep Maria Argiles, Mario Scartozzi, Antonio Maccio
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based immunotherapy has significantly improved the survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but a significant number of patients do not benefit from this treatment and predictive biomarkers are necessary. Evidence suggests that cancer cachexia, a syndrome caused by chronic inflammation often observed in NSCLC patients, may impair the immune response and the efficacy of ICI treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic and predictive role of cachexia and related parameters on the survival and clinical response to ICI-based immunotherapy in NSCLC patients. The results showed that cachexia is an independent unfavorable prognostic and predictive factor, highlighting the importance of considering cachexia in the design of immunotherapy trials.
Article
Immunology
Nerina Denaro, Emanuela Passoni, Alice Indini, Gianluca Nazzaro, Giada Anna Beltramini, Valentina Benzecry, Giuseppe Colombo, Carolina Cauchi, Cinzia Solinas, Mario Scartozzi, Angelo Valerio Marzano, Ornella Garrone
Summary: The incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is increasing with the aging population. This study demonstrates the efficacy and safety of Cemiplimab in ultra-octogenarian patients, providing a new treatment option for this age group.
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Demi Wekking, Andrea Pretta, Serafina Martella, Alessandra Pia D'Agata, Joanna Joeun Choe, Nerina Denaro, Cinzia Solinas, Mario Scartozzi
Summary: Cholangiocarcinomas and urothelial carcinomas are lethal tumors with poor response to current therapeutic strategies. However, advances in precision medicine have identified FGFR as a highly attractive therapeutic target, with promising results in clinical studies. Specific genetic alterations in FGFR can predict tumor response to FGFR-targeted drugs. Further research is needed to understand the complexity of FGFR signaling pathway.
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
E. Assi, F. D'addio, A. Maestroni, V. Usuelli, M. Ben Nasr, C. Loretelli, A. Abdelsalam, A. Seelam, L. Loreggian, A. Petrazzuolo, G. Zuccotti, P. Fiorina
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Francesca D'Addio, Ida Pastore, Cristian Loretelli, Alessandro Valderrama-Vasquez, Vera Usuelli, Emma Assi, Chiara Mameli, Maddalena Macedoni, Anna Maestroni, Antonio Rossi, Maria Elena Lunati, Paola Silvia Morpurgo, Alessandra Gandolfi, Laura Montefusco, Andrea Mario Bolla, Moufida Ben Nasr, Stefania Di Maggio, Lisa Melzi, Giovanni Staurenghi, Antonio Secchi, Stefania Bianchi Marzoli, Gianvincenzo Zuccotti, Paolo Fiorina
Summary: This study developed an eye-tracking-based test to evaluate oculomotor function in patients with type 1 diabetes and found abnormalities in the oculomotor system in these patients. Among the eye-tracking tasks, 11% of parameters were significantly altered in patients with type 1 diabetes, with a higher proportion of abnormalities observed in the Wideness and Resistance parameters.
ACTA DIABETOLOGICA
(2022)
