Review
Oncology
Sara Cherri, Ester Oneda, Laura Zanotti, Alberto Zaniboni
Summary: Colorectal cancer is a significant health problem due to its incidence and biological complexity. Distinguishing different types of colorectal cancer based on specific characteristics is crucial for better therapeutic outcomes. The future challenge lies in studying effective combination treatments to overcome resistance mechanisms and achieve long-term treatment success. It is also important to prioritize the best therapies for first-line treatment and refine patient selection.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Marta Martin-Richard, Maria Tobena
Summary: Many randomized clinical trials evaluating maintenance therapy strategies suffer from incorrect design and methodology flaws, making it challenging to draw conclusions and vague in recommendations. By focusing on design quality and clinical benefit measure with a more objective and accurate methodology, researchers were able to provide a clearer and more exact overview of maintenance treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Feng Wang, You-Sheng Huang, Hao-Xiang Wu, Zi-Xian Wang, Ying Jin, Yi-Chen Yao, Yan-Xing Chen, Qi Zhao, Shifu Chen, Ming-Ming He, Hui-Yan Luo, Miao-Zhen Qiu, De-Shen Wang, Feng-Hua Wang, Mingyan Xu, Yu-Hong Li, Rui-Hua Xu
Summary: The study investigated the genomic heterogeneity of circulating tumor DNA in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer during different treatments, revealing the impact of RAS/BRAF mutations on patients' treatment outcomes. The findings suggest that changes in plasma RAS/BRAF mutational status can significantly affect survival outcomes in these patients.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Changjing Cai, Qingqing Luo, Yihan Liu, Yinghui Peng, Xiangyang Zhang, Zhaohui Jiang, Ziyang Feng, Yaru Qi, Yan Gao, Yongting Liu, Ping Liu, Yihong Chen, Cao Guo, Hong Shen, Shan Zeng, Ying Han
Summary: This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of treatment regimens for left-sided RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and found that the double-drug regimen plus cetuximab/panitumumab was more effective and safer than the double-drug and triple-drug regimens with bevacizumab.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Leonard B. Saltz, Stephen Clarke, Eduardo Diaz-Rubio, Werner Scheithauer, Arie Figer, Ralph Wong, Sheryl Koski, Mikhail Lichinitser, Tsai-Shen Yang, Fernando Rivera, Felix Couture, Florin Sirzen, Jim Cassidy
Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adding bevacizumab to first-line oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. The results showed that adding bevacizumab significantly improved progression-free survival, but had no significant effect on overall survival and response rate.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Elisa Conde, Julie Earl, Lorena Crespo-Toro, Carolina Blanco-Agudo, Edurne Ramos-Munoz, E. Macarena Rodriguez-Serrano, Jose Carlos Martinez avila, Laura Salinas-Munoz, Silvia Serrano-Huertas, Reyes Ferreiro, Mercedes Rodriguez-Garrote, Bruno Sainz, Bartomeu Massuti, Pilar Garcia Alfonso, Manuel Benavides, Enrique Aranda, Maria Laura Garcia-Bermejo, Alfredo Carrato
Summary: This study validated a range of serum miRNAs, SNPs, and Notch 1 expression as predictive biomarkers associated with response or toxicity to regorafenib therapy in colorectal cancer patients, offering potential for personalized treatment strategies in fragile patients with CRC.
Article
Oncology
M. Jose Ortiz-Morales, Marta Toledano-Fonseca, Rafael Mena-Osuna, M. Teresa Cano, Auxiliadora Gomez-Espana, Juan R. De la Haba-Rodriguez, Antonio Rodriguez-Ariza, Enrique Aranda
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the potential value of circulating plasma biomarkers in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) prior to first-line treatment. The findings indicated that high VEGF-A and low ACE plasma levels were associated with poor overall survival (OS) after treatment. Additionally, a simple scoring system combining these biomarkers efficiently stratified patients into high- or low-risk groups, aiding in the selection of patients for anti-angiogenic therapy.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lucia Scarabel, Jerry Polesel, Elena De Mattia, Angela Buonadonna, Mario Rosario D'Andrea, Erika Cecchin, Giuseppe Toffoli
Summary: Genetic variants of HLA-G are associated with treatment efficacy in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with first-line FOLFIRI, shedding light on the combined effect of this immune system factor and chemotherapy in cancer patients.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Serdar Arici, Jamshid Hamdard, Abdullah Sakin, Selma Sengiz Erhan, Muhammed Mustafa Atci, Ruhper Cekin, Burcu Saka, Emin Kose, Tuba Saydam, Caglayan Geredeli, Sener Cihan, Ahmet Bilici
Summary: This study investigated the RAS discordance between initial and recurrent metastasectomy specimens in mCRC patients treated with chemotherapy plus biological agents. The results suggest that re-biopsy is necessary for optimal second-line treatment decision in mCRC patients, especially in those with wild-type RAS mCRC.
COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
E. Martinelli, C. Cremolini, T. Mazard, J. Vidal, I Virchow, D. Tougeron, P-J Cuyle, B. Chibaudel, S. Kim, I Ghanem, B. Asselain, C. Castagne, A. Zkik, S. Khan, D. Arnold
Summary: This study is the largest real-world analysis to date of patients with BRAF(V600E) mutant mCRC, providing valuable insights into routine first-line treatment practices for these patients. The results highlight the intrinsic aggressiveness of this disease subgroup and emphasize the urgent need for more effective treatment options in this setting.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bahar Saberzadeh-Ardestani, Jeremy C. Jones, Joleen M. Hubbard, Robert R. McWilliams, Thorvardur R. Halfdanarson, Qian Shi, Mohamad Bassam Sonbol, Jonathan Ticku, Zhaohui Jin, Frank A. Sinicrope
Summary: This cohort study found clinically significant prolongation of survival in older patients with dMMR mCRC who received first-line pembrolizumab monotherapy in routine clinical practice. Liver metastasis was associated with poorer survival compared to nonliver metastasis, indicating the importance of metastatic site in survival outcome.
Review
Oncology
Laura A. Huppert, Ozge Gumusay, Hope S. Rugo
Summary: This review article discusses novel treatment strategies for metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC), including immune checkpoint inhibitors, targeted therapies, and antibody-drug conjugates. The article summarizes important preclinical and clinical data, discusses implications for clinical practice, and highlights future research directions.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN MEDICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Septiara Putri, Siti Rizny F. Saldi, Levina Chandra Khoe, Ery Setiawan, Amila Megraini, Benjarin Santatiwongchai, Ryan R. R. Nugraha, Vetty Y. Y. Permanasari, Mardiati Nadjib, Sudigdo Sastroasmoro, Armansyah Armansyah
Summary: This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of cetuximab in combination with chemotherapy for first-line treatment of KRAS wild type mCRC in Indonesia. The results showed that cetuximab plus chemotherapy did not significantly improve life years gained compared to chemotherapy alone. The cost-effectiveness ratio was high, indicating that it is not cost-effective.
Article
Oncology
Van K. Morris, Erin B. Kennedy, Nancy N. Baxter, Al B. Benson, Andrea Cercek, May Cho, Kristen K. Ciombor, Chiara Cremolini, Anjee Davis, Dustin A. Deming, Marwan G. Fakih, Sepideh Gholami, Theodore S. Hong, Ishmael Jaiyesimi, Kelsey Klute, Christopher Lieu, Hanna Sanoff, John H. Strickler, Sarah White, Jason A. Willis, Cathy Eng
Summary: The purpose of this study is to develop treatment recommendations for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). An Expert Panel convened by ASCO conducted a systematic review of relevant studies and developed recommendations for clinical practice. Based on the inclusion criteria, five systematic reviews and ten randomized controlled trials were included in the analysis. The recommendations include offering doublet chemotherapy or triplet therapy to previously untreated mCRC patients who are initially unresectable, based on studies of chemotherapy combined with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibodies. Pembrolizumab is recommended for first-line treatment of mCRC patients with microsatellite instability-high or deficient mismatch repair tumors. Chemotherapy and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapy are recommended for microsatellite stable or proficient mismatch repair left-sided treatment-naive RAS wild-type mCRC, while chemotherapy and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy are recommended for microsatellite stable or proficient mismatch repair RAS wild-type right-sided mCRC. Encorafenib plus cetuximab is recommended for previously treated BRAF V600E-mutant mCRC patients who have progressed after one previous line of therapy. Other recommendations are provided for patients with colorectal peritoneal metastases, liver metastases, and candidates for potentially curative resection of liver metastases. Multidisciplinary team management and shared decision making are also recommended.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Dou-Dou Li, Zhong-hua Tao, Bi-Yun Wang, Lei-Ping Wang, Jun Cao, Xi-Chun Hu, Jian Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of adding apatinib to chemotherapy in patients with advanced TNBC with failed first/second-line treatment. The results showed that the addition of apatinib to vinorelbine significantly improved progression-free survival compared to vinorelbine monotherapy, with minimal toxicity. Further exploration of this combination therapy is warranted.
Article
Oncology
Charles S. Fuchs, Mustafa Ozguroglu, Yung-Jue Bang, Maria Di Bartolomeo, Mario Mandala, Min-Hee Ryu, Lorenzo Fornaro, Tomasz Olesinski, Christian Caglevic, Hyun C. Chung, Kei Muro, Eric Van Cutsem, Anneli Elme, Peter Thuss-Patience, Ian Chau, Atsushi Ohtsu, Pooja Bhagia, Anran Wang, Chie-Schin Shih, Kohei Shitara
Summary: In this long-term analysis, second-line pembrolizumab did not significantly improve overall survival but was associated with higher 24-month OS rates than paclitaxel in the CPS>=1 population. Pembrolizumab also increased overall survival benefit with PD-L1 enrichment among patients with PD-L1-positive gastric/GEJ cancer and led to fewer treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) compared to paclitaxel.
Review
Oncology
Francesca Salani, Virginia Genovesi, Caterina Vivaldi, Valentina Massa, Silvia Cesario, Laura Bernardini, Miriam Caccese, Jessica Graziani, Dario Berra, Lorenzo Fornaro, Gianluca Masi
Summary: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been extensively explored in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), particularly in the first line. However, the efficacy of ICIs as monotherapies is limited, leading to the investigation of combination strategies. This review discusses the current standard of care using ICIs-based regimens, the shortcomings of doublet therapies, and the rationale behind ongoing trials testing systemic triplets and novel immune-therapeutic agents. The article also provides up-to-date knowledge and critical insight into ongoing clinical trials, highlighting the need for therapeutic improvement.
Article
Cell Biology
Yosuke Yamada, Djeda Belharazem-Vitacolonnna, Hanibal Bohnenberger, Christel Weiss, Naoko Matsui, Mark Kriegsmann, Katharina Kriegsmann, Peter Sinn, Katja Simon-Keller, Gerhard Hamilton, Thomas Graeter, Gerhard Preissler, German Ott, Sebastian Scholch, Naoki Nakajima, Akihiko Yoshizawa, Hironori Haga, Hiroshi Date, Roman K. Thomas, Iacopo Petrini, Giuseppe Giaccone, Philipp Strobel, Alexander Marx
Summary: The presence of tuft cell-like gene expression in different types of lung cancer indicates shared characteristics and potential therapeutic vulnerabilities. Identification of tuft cell-like large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (LCNECs) may be important for treatment strategies due to their similarities with tuft cell-like small cell lung cancer (SCLC).
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yue Linda Wu, Claudia Angela Maria Fulgenzi, Antonio D'Alessio, Jaekyung Cheon, Naoshi Nishida, Anwaar Saeed, Brooke Wietharn, Antonella Cammarota, Tiziana Pressiani, Nicola Personeni, Matthias Pinter, Bernhard Scheiner, Lorenz Balcar, Yi-Hsiang Huang, Samuel Phen, Abdul Rafeh Naqash, Caterina Vivaldi, Francesca Salani, Gianluca Masi, Dominik Bettinger, Arndt Vogel, Martin Schoenlein, Johann von Felden, Kornelius Schulze, Henning Wege, Peter R. Galle, Masatoshi Kudo, Lorenza Rimassa, Amit G. Singal, Rohini Sharma, Alessio Cortellini, Vincent E. Gaillard, Hong Jae Chon, David J. Pinato, Celina Ang
Summary: Immunotherapy is the standard front-line therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, but many patients do not respond to it. This study evaluated the prognostic value of blood-based markers of inflammation and found that they may predict survival outcomes in patients treated with immunotherapy.
Review
Oncology
Valentina Fanotto, Francesca Salani, Caterina Vivaldi, Mario Scartozzi, Dario Ribero, Marco Puzzoni, Francesco Montagnani, Francesco Leone, Enrico Vasile, Maria Bencivenga, Giovanni De Manzoni, Debora Basile, Lorenzo Fornaro, Gianluca Masi, Giuseppe Aprile
Summary: The role of surgical resection in the management of metastatic colorectal, gastric, and pancreatic cancers is still a matter of debate. This review paper examines the available evidence from randomized and retrospective studies, aiming to provide clinicians with up-to-date information on this topic. The management of the primary tumor in these patients can be challenging, but there is currently no definitive evidence to support the survival advantage of surgical resection.
Review
Oncology
Daniele Rossini, Alessandra Boccaccino, Martina Carullo, Carlotta Antoniotti, Giovanni Dima, Paolo Ciraci, Federica Marmorino, Roberto Moretto, Gianluca Masi, Chiara Cremolini
Summary: This study examined the predictive impact of primary tumor side on the efficacy of anti-EGFR agents in the first-line therapy of RAS wt mCRC. The results showed that the use of anti-EGFR agents was associated with higher overall response rate and longer overall survival in left-sided mCRC patients, while the use of bevacizumab was associated with better progression-free survival in right-sided mCRC patients. Therefore, the choice of upfront therapy for RAS wt mCRC patients should be based on the primary tumor location, with anti-EGFRs recommended for left-sided tumors and bevacizumab preferred for right-sided tumors.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Piero Boraschi, Roberto Moretto, Francescamaria Donati, Beatrice Borelli, Giuseppe Mercogliano, Luigi Giugliano, Alessandra Boccaccino, Maria Clotilde Della Pina, Piero Colombatto, Stefano Signori, Gianluca Masi, Chiara Cremolini, Lucio Urbani
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcome of disappearing liver metastases (DLM) and small residual lesions in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with first-line chemotherapy using hepatobiliary contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DW-MRI). The results showed that DLM assessed via hepatobiliary contrast-enhanced and DW-MRI very probably indicate a complete response in patients without chemotherapy-induced sinusoidal obstruction syndrome. For these patients, a follow-up with liver MRI can be considered, and resection should be performed in the case of disease relapse. The surgical removal of small remnants of liver metastases should always be advocated whenever technically possible.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Gianluca Masi
Article
Oncology
Lorenzo Fornaro, Sara Lonardi, Silvia Catanese, Floriana Nappo, Filippo Pietrantonio, Antonio Pellino, Valentina Angerilli, Francesca Signorini, Francesca Salani, Sabina Murgioni, Ioana Ancuta Neculaescu, Rossella Bruno, Caterina Vivaldi, Gianmarco Ricagno, Gianluca Masi, Francesca Bergamo, Clara Ugolini, Matteo Fassan
Summary: Different methods of evaluation for mismatch repair proteins and microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) status in gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma can lead to inconsistent results between endoscopic biopsies and surgical samples. Strategies to improve reliability of assessment should focus on tissue collection and management during endoscopy, as well as training of dedicated gastrointestinal pathologists within the multidisciplinary team.
Article
Oncology
Lucio Urbani, Nicolo Roffi, Roberto Moretto, Stefano Signori, Riccardo Balestri, Elisabetta Rossi, Piero Colombatto, Gabriella Licitra, Chiara Leoni, Rita Martinelli, Daniele Anacleto Meiattini, Emidio Bonistalli, Beatrice Borelli, Carlotta Antoniotti, Gianluca Masi, Daniele Rossini, Piero Boraschi, Francescamaria Donati, Maria Clotilde Della Pina, Alessandro Lunardi, Francesco Daviddi, Laura Crocetti, Michele Tonerini, Roberto Gigoni, Francesca Quilici, Raffaele Gaeta, Francesca Turco, Adriana Paolicchi, Duccio Volterrani, Vincenzo Nardini, Piero Buccianti, Francesco Forfori, Marco Puccini, Chiara Cremolini, Alessandro Vitale, Matteo Donadon
Summary: Patients with colorectal liver metastases in contact with hepatic veins at the hepatocaval confluence can undergo liver parenchyma-sparing surgery, but major hepatectomy is required if the first-order glissonean pedicle is involved. We proposed a combination of vessel-guided liver partition and liver augmentation techniques for R0 parenchyma-sparing hepatectomy. The results of our study on 15 patients with colorectal liver metastases suggest that this surgical approach may be a new option for selected cases.
Review
Biology
Silvia Cesario, Virginia Genovesi, Francesca Salani, Enrico Vasile, Lorenzo Fornaro, Caterina Vivaldi, Gianluca Masi
Summary: Liver transplantation is a primary treatment for HCC, but not always possible. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promising results in down-staging tumors, but more research is needed to determine their optimal use and safety.
Article
Oncology
Valentina Fanotto, Daniele Rossini, Mariaelena Casagrande, Francesca Bergamo, Andrea Spagnoletti, Daniele Santini, Carlotta Antoniotti, Samanta Cupini, Francesca Daniel, Vincenzo Nasca, Guglielmo Vetere, Alberto Zaniboni, Beatrice Borelli, Martina Carullo, Veronica Conca, Alessandro Passardi, Emiliano Tamburini, Gianluca Masi, Nicoletta Pella, Chiara Cremolini
Summary: The decision to resect the primary tumor in asymptomatic patients with synchronous metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has been studied. This study found that primary tumor resection is associated with improved survival and lower incidence of serious gastrointestinal and surgical adverse events. The efficacy and toxicity profile of FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab is independent of primary tumor resection.
Article
Oncology
Giacomo Aringhieri, Gianfranco Di Salle, Silvia Catanese, Caterina Vivaldi, Francesca Salani, Saverio Vitali, Miriam Caccese, Enrico Vasile, Virginia Genovesi, Lorenzo Fornaro, Rachele Tintori, Francesco Balducci, Carla Cappelli, Dania Cioni, Gianluca Masi, Emanuele Neri
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat volumes, psoas muscle volume, and the visceral-to-subcutaneous volume ratio on overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with advanced gastric cancer. The results showed that patients with a higher visceral-to-subcutaneous volume ratio had poorer survival outcomes and a less favorable response to chemotherapy.
Article
Oncology
Giulia Rovesti, Francesco Leone, Giovanni Brandi, Lorenzo Fornaro, Mario Scartozzi, Monica Niger, Changhoon Yoo, Francesco Caputo, Roberto Filippi, Mariaelena Casagrande, Nicola Silvestris, Daniele Santini, Luca Faloppi, Andrea Palloni, Massimo Aglietta, Caterina Vivaldi, Hyungwoo Cho, Eleonora Lai, Elisabetta Fenocchio, Federico Nichetti, Nicoletta Pella, Stefania De Lorenzo, Massimo Di Maio, Enrico Vasile, Filippo de Braud, Jae Ho Jeong, Giuseppe Aprile, Giulia Orsi, Stefano Cascinu, Andrea Casadei-Gardini
Summary: The aim of this study is to evaluate a new index (PECS index) in unresectable locally advanced or metastatic BTC patients treated with first-line chemotherapy. Results show that the PECS index can be used as an independent prognostic factor for assessing patients' survival period.
JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL CANCER
(2022)
