Article
Biology
M. Julhasur Rahman, Sherry L. Haller, Ana M. M. Stoian, Jie Li, Greg Brennan, Stefan Rothenburg
Summary: This study developed a model to understand the mechanisms of gene transfer in vaccinia virus. The findings indicate that gene capture events are mediated by LINE-1 retrotransposition and highlight the role of host retrotransposons as major drivers for virus evolution.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zuochen Du, Lu Huang, Xin Dai, Di Yang, Linlin Niu, Heather Miller, Changshun Ruan, Han Li, Leling Hu, Lijia Zhou, Ding Jian, Jian Sun, Xiaoqi Shi, Pei Huang, Yan Chen, Xiaodong Zhao, Chaohong Liu
Summary: The study reveals a new pathway (PGRN-EZH2-PLZF) that regulates the Th2 responses of iNKT cells and provides a potentially new target for asthma treatment.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hiroyuki Iida, Ari Pekka Maehoenen, Gerd Juergens, Shinobu Takada
Summary: The fate of plant cells is determined by their relative positions during development. In Arabidopsis thaliana, when inner leaf mesophyll cells are exposed to the surface, they up-regulate ATML1 protein expression, which controls epidermal cell identity. Mechanically signaling, such as pressure release, plays a crucial role in restricting ATML1 activity to outermost cells and facilitating epidermal differentiation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Srinjoy Sil, Sarah Keegan, Farida Ettefa, Lance T. Denes, Jef D. Boeke, Liam J. Holt
Summary: LINE-1 (L1) is the dominant retrotransposon in the human genome, accounting for 17% of the genome. The condensation of ORF1p, a RNA-binding protein encoded by L1, is critical for efficient L1 retrotransposition. By studying the assembly dynamics and material properties of ORF1p, we propose that dynamic oligomerization of ORF1p on L1 RNA drives the formation of an essential L1 ribonucleoprotein (RNP) condensate for retrotransposition.
Article
Cell Biology
Hope E. Burks, Jenny L. Pokorny, Jennifer L. Koetsier, Quinn R. Roth-Carter, Christopher R. Arnette, Pedram Gerami, John T. Seykora, Jodi L. Johnson, Ziyou Ren, Kathleen J. Green
Summary: Melanoma cells hijack keratinocyte signaling to downregulate Dsg1 expression, leading to increased migration and epidermal spread. Paracrine signaling via CXCL1/CXCR2 and regulation of Slug and Grhl1 are involved in this intercellular communication.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ramesh Chaudhari, Simran Nasra, Nikita Meghani, Ashutosh Kumar
Summary: MicroRNAs play important roles in various diseases, including cancer. They can act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes, and their expression levels vary depending on cancer subtypes and mutations. Modified metallic nanoparticles can be used for effective miRNA delivery.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patrizia Lavia, Ilaria Sciamanna, Corrado Spadafora
Summary: In the past fifty years, significant progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms of cancer and developing effective therapies. Research suggests that the onset and progression of cancer are influenced by a stress-responsive epigenetic mechanism, resulting in genome plasticity and global gene expression reprogramming. These findings improve our understanding of cancer and may lead to new treatment approaches.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei-Chun Chou, Zengli Guo, Hao Guo, Liang Chen, Ge Zhang, Kaixin Liang, Ling Xie, Xianming Tan, Sara A. Gibson, Elena Rampanelli, Yan Wang, Stephanie A. Montgomery, W. June Brickey, Meng Deng, Leslie Freeman, Song Zhang, Maureen A. Su, Xian Chen, Yisong Y. Wan, Jenny P. -Y. Ting
Summary: The inflammasome activates inflammatory responses in myeloid cells, while the AIM2 receptor plays an independent role in regulating T-reg cells. AIM2 inhibits AKT phosphorylation, alters immune metabolism to enhance T-reg cell stability, and reduces autoimmune responses independent of the inflammasome.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John P. Gleeson, Namit Chaudhary, Katherine C. Fein, Rose Doerfler, Patricia Hredzak-Showalter, Kathryn A. Whitehead
Summary: Breast milk contains cells that are beneficial for infant development, but little is known about these cells. This study characterized the cells in mature breast milk from healthy donors and identified the main cell population as epithelial cells, with several subpopulations including previously unidentified ones. These findings provide insights into the potential applications of breast milk cells in maternal and infant medicine.
Article
Cell Biology
Ricardo L. Azevedo-Pereira, Nathan C. Manley, Chen Dong, Yue Zhang, Alex G. Lee, Yulia Zatulovskaia, Varun Gupta, Jennifer Vu, Summer Han, Jack E. Berry, Tonya M. Bliss, Gary K. Steinberg
Summary: Stem cell therapy is promising for multiple disorders, but the interaction between grafted cells and host tissue is not well understood. This study used sequencing tools to decode the transcriptomes of grafted and host cells in a stroke-injured rat brain, and predicted molecular pathways linking host and graft genes. The study identified a potential host-graft crosstalk pathway where BMP6 from the stroke-injured brain induces graft secretion of noggin, a known brain repair factor.
Editorial Material
Biology
Eugene Koonin, Mart Krupovic
Summary: Poxviruses capture host genes through a reverse-transcription process mediated by retrotransposons.
Review
Oncology
Jiaojiao Fu, Tiansheng Qin, Chaoming Li, Jiaojiao Zhu, Yaoyao Ding, Meiying Zhou, Qing Yang, Xiaofeng Liu, Juanhong Zhou, Fan Chen
Summary: The retrotransposon LINE-1 is the only autonomously mobile transposon in the human genome and can lead to genetic mutations, chromosomal rearrangements, and genomic instability. Recent studies have shown its involvement in various diseases and immune regulation. LINE-1 expression in gynecologic tumors suggests its potential as an independent indicator for early diagnosis and prognosis, and as a therapeutic target, it is closely associated with gynecologic tumor prognosis. This article discusses its function in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of ovarian, cervical, and endometrial malignancies, as well as other gynecologic malignancies, offering new perspectives on early tumor detection and novel anti-tumor drug development.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gopal Chovatiya, Kefei Nina Li, Jonathan Li, Sangeeta Ghuwalewala, Tudorita Tumbar
Summary: This study characterizes the cellular and molecular dynamics of skin VE-cadherin(+) cells using single-cell transcriptomics and gene targeting, revealing their specificity in blood and lymphatic vessels and uncovering their role in nerve homeostasis.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yan-Fang Chen, Guang-Can Shao, Jie Li, An-Qi Yang, Jing Li, Xin-Shan Ye
Summary: The O-GlcNAcylation of Blimp-1 in lymphocytes inhibits the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells, making it a potential new target for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer.
MOLECULAR CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Srilatha Swami, Hui Zhu, Aria Nisco, Takaharu Kimura, Matthew J. Kim, Vaisakh Nair, Joy Y. Wu
Summary: Bone metastases are a common complication of breast cancer. Intermittent administration of PTH[1-34] can reduce the incidence of bone metastases by acting on osteoblasts and breast cancer cells. The expression of PTH1R is crucial in both cells for PTH to lower bone metastases, and in breast cancer cells, this may be mediated by suppression of PTHrP, a protein implicated in the vicious cycle of bone metastases.
Review
Medicine, Legal
Namita Mittal, Roger W. Byard, Jane E. Dahlstrom
FORENSIC SCIENCE MEDICINE AND PATHOLOGY
(2020)
Correction
Medicine, Legal
Namita Mittal, Roger W. Byard, Jane E. Dahlstrom
FORENSIC SCIENCE MEDICINE AND PATHOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Oncology
P-T Chiou, S. Ohms, P. G. Board, J. E. Dahlstrom, D. Rangasamy, M. G. Casarotto
Summary: In contrast to hormone receptor driven breast cancer, patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) often have limited treatment options. Efavirenz, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor, has shown promising anticancer effects in treating prostate and pancreatic cancers. This study demonstrates that Efavirenz can induce cell death, inhibit cell proliferation, and alter cell morphology in TNBC cell lines, with the fatty acid metabolism pathway identified as a key regulator in this process.
CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Niyou Wang, Jerry Ying Hsi Fuh, S. Thameem Dheen, A. Senthil Kumar
Summary: Bone defects and diseases can have severe consequences, but orthopedic implants and scaffolds help in the treatment by promoting bone growth. Metallic and metallic oxide nanoparticles offer unique properties that can enhance orthopedic implants and scaffolds, but their potential toxicity to cells and tissues needs to be carefully considered.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Niyou Wang, Silambarasan Maskomani, Ganesh Kumar Meenashisundaram, Jerry Ying Hsi Fuh, Shaikali Thameem Dheen, Senthil Kumar Anantharajan
MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING C-MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Sabine Meessen, Nicola Currey, Zeenat Jahan, Hannah W. Parker, Mark A. Jenkins, Daniel D. Buchanan, John L. Hopper, Eva Segelov, Jane E. Dahlstrom, Maija R. J. Kohonen-Corish
Summary: EMAST is a DNA mismatch repair defect related to MSI-H and MSI-L, with potential as a valuable prognostic and predictive marker for colorectal carcinomas.
Article
Oncology
Pey-Tsyr Chiou, Stephen Ohms, Philip G. Board, Jane E. Dahlstrom, Danny Rangasamy, Marco G. Casarotto
Summary: This study explores the effects of the antiretroviral medication Efavirenz on cancer stem cells derived from multiple breast cancer cell lines, finding that it can alter CSC numbers, morphology, and gene expression. Efavirenz not only eliminates primary breast cancer cells but also induces changes in cell morphology, with potential therapeutic implications for breast CSCs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matthew F. Waters, Viviane Delghingaro-Augusto, Kiran Javed, Jane E. Dahlstrom, Gaetan Burgio, Stefan Broer, Christopher J. Nolan
Summary: The study found that knocking out the Slc6a19 gene does not prevent or delay the development of type 1 diabetes in female NOD mice.
Article
Oncology
Jenny Dunn, Robert D. McCuaig, Abel H. Y. Tan, Wen Juan Tu, Fan Wu, Kylie M. Wagstaff, Anjum Zafar, Sayed Ali, Himanshu Diwakar, Jane E. Dahlstrom, Elaine G. Bean, Jade K. Forwood, Sofiya Tsimbalyuk, Emily M. Cross, Kristine Hardy, Amanda L. Bain, Elizabeth Ahern, Riccardo Dolcetti, Roberta Mazzieri, Desmond Yip, Melissa Eastgate, Laeeq Malik, Peter Milburn, David A. Jans, Sudha Rao
Summary: The study found that a protein called nPKC-theta is enriched in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) brain metastases and immunotherapy-resistant metastatic melanoma, and is associated with poor survival in immunotherapy-resistant disease. A novel nPKC-theta inhibitor was designed to target nPKC-theta and showed potential in reducing mesenchymal cancer stem cell signatures in immunotherapy-resistant CTCs and TNBC xenografts.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olivia J. J. Scully, Sukanya Shyamasundar, Ken Matsumoto, S. Thameem Dheen, George W. W. Yip, Boon Huat Bay
Summary: Breast carcinoma is the most prevalent cancer in women globally, and its development and progression involve complex genetic and molecular mechanisms. Challenges such as metastasis and drug resistance limit the prognosis of breast cancer, leading to the constant search for better treatment regimes and novel molecular therapeutic targets. C1QBP, a promising molecular target, has been implicated in breast carcinogenesis. This study demonstrates the role of C1QBP in breast cancer progression, specifically in cancer cell growth, and highlights its potential as a target for future breast cancer therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yue Li, S. Thameem Dheen, Fengru Tang, Yumin Luo, Ran Meng, Tay Sam Wah Samuel, Lan Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the miRNA expression profiles in the hippocampal areas of mice before and after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) and predicted the downstream proteins and related pathways. The results showed that the miRNA expression patterns were closely related to epileptogenesis in different time points and subfields. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying epilepsy.
Article
Cell Biology
Sukanya Shyamasundar, Seshadri Ramya, Deepika Kandilya, Dinesh Kumar Srinivasan, Boon Huat Bay, Suraiya Anjum Ansari, S. Thameem Dheen
Summary: Maternal diabetes is associated with increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring. Hyperglycemia alters expression of genes and microRNAs in neural stem cells, including downregulation of methyl-CpG-binding protein-2 (Mecp2). miR-26b-5p controls Mecp2 expression and affects neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis. These findings suggest that maternal diabetes disrupts synaptogenesis through miR-26b-5p/Mecp2 pathway, potentially leading to neurodevelopmental disorders.
Article
Oncology
Thomas U. Ahearn, Haoyu Zhang, Kyriaki Michailidou, Roger L. Milne, Manjeet K. Bolla, Joe Dennis, Alison M. Dunning, Michael Lush, Qin Wang, Irene L. Andrulis, Hoda Anton-Culver, Volker Arndt, Kristan J. Aronson, Paul L. Auer, Annelie Augustinsson, Adinda Baten, Heiko Becher, Sabine Behrens, Javier Benitez, Marina Bermisheva, Carl Blomqvist, Stig E. Bojesen, Bernardo Bonanni, Anne-Lise Borresen-Dale, Hiltrud Brauch, Hermann Brenner, Angela Brooks-Wilson, Thomas Bruening, Barbara Burwinkel, Saundra S. Buys, Federico Canzian, Jose E. Castelao, Jenny Chang-Claude, Stephen J. Chanock, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Christine L. Clarke, J. Margriet Collee, Angela Cox, Simon S. Cross, Kamila Czene, Mary B. Daly, Peter Devilee, Thilo Dork, Miriam Dwek, Diana M. Eccles, D. Gareth Evans, Peter A. Fasching, Jonine Figueroa, Giuseppe Floris, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, Susan M. Gapstur, Jose A. Garcia-Saenz, Mia M. Gaudet, Graham G. Giles, Mark S. Goldberg, Anna Gonzalez-Neira, Grethe I. Grenaker Alnaes, Mervi Grip, Pascal Guenel, Christopher A. Haiman, Per Hall, Ute Hamann, Elaine F. Harkness, Bernadette A. M. Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Bernd Holleczek, Antoinette Hollestelle, Maartje J. Hooning, Robert N. Hoover, John L. Hopper, Anthony Howell, Milena Jakimovska, Anna Jakubowska, Esther M. John, Michael E. Jones, Audrey Jung, Rudolf Kaaks, Saila Kauppila, Renske Keeman, Elza Khusnutdinova, Cari M. Kitahara, Yon-Dschun Ko, Stella Koutros, Vessela N. Kristensen, Ute Kruger, Katerina Kubelka-Sabit, Allison W. Kurian, Kyriacos Kyriacou, Diether Lambrechts, Derrick G. Lee, Annika Lindblom, Martha Linet, Jolanta Lissowska, Ana Llaneza, Wing-Yee Lo, Robert J. MacInnis, Arto Mannermaa, Mehdi Manoochehri, Sara Margolin, Maria Elena Martinez, Catriona McLean, Alfons Meindl, Usha Menon, Heli Nevanlinna, William G. Newman, Jesse Nodora, Kenneth Offit, Hakan Olsson, Nick Orr, Tjoung-Won Park-Simon, Alpa Patel, Julian Peto, Guillermo Pita, Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska, Ross Prentice, Kevin Punie, Katri Pylkas, Paolo Radice, Gad Rennert, Atocha Romero, Thomas Ruediger, Emmanouil Saloustros, Sarah Sampson, Dale P. Sandler, Elinor J. Sawyer, Rita K. Schmutzler, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Ben Schottker, Mark E. Sherman, Xiao-Ou Shu, Snezhana Smichkoska, Melissa C. Southey, John J. Spinelli, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Rulla M. Tamimi, William J. Tapper, Jack A. Taylor, Lauren R. Teras, Mary Beth Terry, Diana Torres, Melissa A. Troester, Celine M. Vachon, Carolien H. M. van Deurzen, Elke M. van Veen, Philippe Wagner, Clarice R. Weinberg, Camilla Wendt, Jelle Wesseling, Robert Winqvist, Alicja Wolk, Xiaohong R. Yang, Wei Zheng, Fergus J. Couch, Jacques Simard, Peter Kraft, Douglas F. Easton, Paul D. P. Pharoah, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Nilanjan Chatterjee
Summary: This study identifies breast cancer susceptibility variants that are associated with tumor features and intrinsic molecular subtypes, providing insights for subtype-specific risk prediction.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Niyou Wang, Jerry Ying Hsi Fuh, S. Thameem Dheen, A. Senthil Kumar
Summary: With the continuous improvement of nanoparticle synthesis methods, it is possible to better meet the needs of different applications and enhance their widespread use.
BIO-DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
R. Hameister, C. H. Lohmann, S. T. Dheen, G. Singh, C. Kaur
BONE & JOINT RESEARCH
(2020)