Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ruy D. Chacon, Manuel Ramirez, Carmen L. Rodriguez-Cueva, Christian Sanchez, Wilma Ursula Quispe-Rojas, Claudete S. Astolfi-Ferreira, Antonio Piantino J. Ferreira
Summary: This study provides the genomic content of Colombian SG strains and a profile of the frequently found genetic elements in SG. It reveals the presence of multiple resistance genes encoding efflux pumps and point mutations in gyrA and gyrB genes, particularly the frequent occurrence of the gyrB mutation S464T in Colombian strains. Additionally, it identifies 135 virulence genes mainly located in 15 different Salmonella pathogenicity islands. Furthermore, it detects the presence of plasmids and various prophage sequences in most strains.
Article
Microbiology
Amal Senevirathne, Chamith Hewawaduge, Chandran Sivasankar, John Hwa Lee
Summary: This study successfully lowered the endotoxicity of Salmonella Gallinarum by modifying bacterial genes and structure, resulting in a detoxified strain that exhibited good tolerance and disease protection in poultry, while inducing cellular and humoral immune responses.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
A. K. M. Ziaul Haque, Mir Rowshan Akter, S. K. Shaheenur Islam, Jahangir Alam, Sucharit Basu Neogi, Shinji Yamasaki, S. M. Lutful Kabir
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the antimicrobial resistance and molecular characteristics of Salmonella Gallinarum strains isolated from small-scale commercial layer flocks in Bangladesh. The findings revealed a high incidence of multidrug resistant (MDR) Salmonella Gallinarum in visceral organs of chicken, emphasizing the need for appropriate control measures in order to enhance egg production and ensure food safety.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yosef Daniel Huberman, Melanie Caballero-Garcia, Rober Rojas, Silvia Ascanio, Leandro Hipolito Olmos, Rosana Malena, Jorgelina Lomonaco, Paula Nievas, Paula Chero, Julio Levano-Gracia, Alfredo Mendoza-Espinoza
Summary: Poultry infections by Salmonella cause significant economic losses worldwide. Poultry serves as a common reservoir of Salmonella, posing a risk to humans through the food chain. Vaccination of layers plays an important role in preventing Salmonella infections.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Marcela da Silva Rubio, Lucas Bocchini Rodrigues Alves, Guilherme de Brito Viana, Valdinete Pereira Benevides, Tulio Spina de Lima, Taisa Santiago Ferreira, Adriana Maria de Almeida, Paul Andrew Barrow, Angelo Berchieri Junior
Summary: Both SG infection and heat stress have similar effects on egg production in chickens, and there is a synergistic effect between the two stressors leading to a decrease in production. Therefore, environmental and biosecurity approaches may be key in reducing the production losses observed in such countries.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Chen-Si Lin, Tsung-Lin Lu, Yi-An Chen, Hsin-Yi Yu, Chiu-Yi Wu, Wen-Yuan Yang
Summary: The study demonstrated that a commercial bivalent live attenuated vaccine showed desirable safety and effectiveness in SPF chickens and field layers, effectively preventing Salmonella infections and reducing flock mortality while improving egg production. Vaccination significantly reduced Salmonella cloacal shedding and viable cell counts, indicating a positive impact on Salmonella control.
Article
Fisheries
Chandran Sivasankar, Chamith Hewawaduge, John Hwa Lee
Summary: In this study, lipid-A gene mutants of Salmonella gallinarum were screened and the arnT mutant showed optimal adaptation to acidic and oxidative stress as well as macrophage survival. Deleting the arnT gene resulted in reduced endotoxicity, virulence, and mortality. A safe vaccine candidate strain, JOL2841, with arnT deletion was constructed and demonstrated to be cleared by the chicken immune system. JOL2841 showed reduced endotoxicity, improved immune response, and provided protection against wild-type SG challenge in chickens.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Xilong Kang, Yang Yang, Chuang Meng, Xinwei Wang, Bowen Liu, Shizhong Geng, Xinan Jiao, Zhiming Pan
Summary: This study evaluated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a rough mutant strain of Salmonella enterica serovar Pullorum as a live attenuated DIVA vaccine candidate in chickens. The results showed that the mutant strain exhibited a significant rough lipopolysaccharides phenotype, increased attenuation, decreased bacterial colonization, and induced both humoral and cellular immune responses. Furthermore, the mutant strain showed a negative response for serological testing, indicating its DIVA capability. The survival rates in the vaccinated chickens were significantly higher compared to the control group. Overall, this rough mutant strain could be developed as an efficient live attenuated DIVA vaccine candidate for controlling Salmonella infection in poultry without interfering with the monitoring program.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hamza Tahir, Abdul Basit, Hafsa Tariq, Zulquernain Haider, Asim Ullah, Zafar Hayat, Shafiq Ur Rehman
Summary: In this study, the ssaU gene encoding type III secretion system was successfully deleted from the genome of poultry-derived Salmonella Gallinarum using CRISPR/Cas9 and lambda recombination systems. This is the first report of CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing of poultry-derived Salmonella Gallinarum. The mutant strain showed a loss of virulence and potential for live vaccine development against this resistant and pathogenic bacteria.
Article
Zoology
Iram Liaqat, Tahir Hussain, Aisha Waheed Qurashi, Gulbeena Saleem, Asia Bibi, Muhammad Fiaz Qamar, Shaukat Ali, Ikram-ul-Haq
Summary: S. Gallinarum is a strong biofilm former, particularly highlighted by its ability to form dark black colonies on congo red medium. The most pronounced inhibitory effect against S. Gallinarum biofilm formation was observed with proteinase k, suggesting that proteases can serve as an effective therapeutic approach to control fowl typhoid epidemic.
PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Supriya Rajendra Rananaware, Sanmoy Pathak, Shamik Majumdar, Joel P. Joseph, Nikita S. Ramteke, Vasista Adiga, Dipankar Nandi
Summary: Salmonella Typhimurium infection in mice causes significant loss of immature double negative and double positive thymic subsets, while mature single positive subsets are more resistant. The study investigated the impact of a wild type virulent strain and a virulence-attenuated strain on the thymocyte sub-populations in different mouse strains. The results showed that the virulent strain caused acute thymic atrophy, with greater loss of thymocytes in autoimmune-prone mice. The attenuated strain caused progressive thymic atrophy in all mouse strains, with extensive loss of immature thymocytes. The susceptibility of thymocyte sub-populations varied depending on bacterial virulence and host background.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2023)
Article
Toxicology
Olga Egorova, Nataliya E. Suzina, Nataliya A. Ilyushina
Summary: The cytotoxicity of certain pesticides limits the equivalence assessment of pesticide technical grade active ingredients and the detection of low-level impurities in the Salmonella/microsome assay. By using a traditional selection methodology, resistant strains of Salmonella typhimurium with resistance to sulfonylureas and triazolepyrimidines were obtained.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
M. L. Casaux, W. Santiago Neto, C. O. Schild, R. A. Costa, M. Macias-Rioseco, R. D. Caffarena, C. S. Silveira, V. Araoz, B. Doncel Diaz, F. Giannitti, M. Fraga
Summary: This study describes the epidemiology and pathology of salmonellosis in Uruguayan dairy farms and explores the serotypes and virulence genes of the causative Salmonella strains. The findings reveal associations between the serotypes, clinical signs, and pathology, highlighting the importance of understanding the epidemiology and virulence of Salmonella enterica for prevention and control strategies.
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Amal Senevirathne, Chamith Hewawaduge, Sungwoo Park, Vijayakumar Jawalagatti, Chonghan Kim, Byoung-Joo Seo, Eunhui Lee, John Hwa Lee
Summary: The study describes a live attenuated Salmonella Gallinarium (SG) vaccine candidate formulation against H9N2 influenza and SG infections in chickens, which delivers broad protection against field-matched H9N2 serotypes. The vaccine induced humoral and mucosal immune responses and provided significant protection against H9N2 challenge, with potential to minimize fowl typhoid caused by SG strains, demonstrating a rapid and reliable vaccine development process against economically important diseases in the poultry industry.
VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Martha Caero-Castellon, Christian Villarroel-Davalos, Patricia Quispe-Corrales, Sergio Emiro Rivera-Pirela
Summary: In March 2021, a Salmonella outbreak was detected in commercial layers of Brown Nick chickens in Quillacollo Province, Bolivia. The outbreak caused a mortality rate of 30% and exhibited various pathological symptoms. Salmonella spp. was detected in the deceased birds, as well as in samples from the hatchery and other breeder flocks, along with other bacteria. Further DNA analysis confirmed the presence of Salmonella enterica biovar Pullorum in the infected birds.
REVISTA CIENTIFICA-FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS VETERINARIAS
(2022)