Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Atsushi Fujimoto, Elisabeth A. Murray, Peter H. Rudebeck
Summary: Decision-making and representations of arousal are closely related, with an optimal level of bodily arousal facilitating performance. The interactions between these processes at the level of single neurons and neural circuits remain unclear.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Davide Folloni, Elsa Fouragnan, Marco K. Wittmann, Lea Roumazeilles, Lev Tankelevitch, Lennart Verhagen, David Attali, Jean-Francois Aubry, Jerome Sallet, Matthew F. S. Rushworth
Summary: Credit assignment is the process of associating rewards with specific events. Without proper credit assignment, choice values and decision-making abilities can be impaired.
Review
Anatomy & Morphology
Edmund T. Rolls
Summary: The orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala are involved in emotion and motivation, but the relationship between these functions is not clear. A unified theory of emotion and motivation is described, in which motivational states involve instrumental goal-directed actions for rewards or punishment avoidance, while emotional states are elicited by received or not received rewards or punishment. Recent evidence suggests that the orbitofrontal cortex is involved in reward value and depression, while the amygdala is implicated in brainstem-mediated responses to stimuli and not declarative emotion. The anterior cingulate cortex is involved in learning actions for rewards and provides goals for navigation, along with the orbitofrontal and ventromedial prefrontal cortex.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Sandra Thijssen, Paul F. Collins, Hannah Weiss, Monica Luciana
Summary: Higher externalizing behavior is associated with increased resting-state attunement between the amygdala and ACC/OFC across adolescence and young adulthood. The association with amygdala-ACC connectivity is primarily driven by externalizing behavior at baseline, while the main effect on amygdala-OFC functional connectivity is driven by changes in externalizing behavior relative to baseline. No evidence was found for differential developmental trajectories of frontoamygdalar connectivity for different levels of externalizing behavior.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Lilya Andrianova, Steliana Yanakieva, Gabriella Margetts-Smith, Shivali Kohli, Erica S. Brady, John P. Aggleton, Michael T. Craig
Summary: The connectivity and interplay between the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus are important for cognitive processes, but the existence of a direct glutamatergic projection from the anterior cingulate cortex to the hippocampus has been questioned. In this study, multiple methods were used to validate a recent finding of this projection, but no evidence of such a projection was found.
Article
Neurosciences
Gleice K. Silva-Cardoso, Willian Lazarini-Lopes, Jaime E. Hallak, Jose A. Crippa, Antonio W. Zuardi, Norberto Garcia-Cairasco, Christie R. A. Leite-Panissi
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of CBD on neuropathic pain, finding that low doses of CBD could reverse mechanical and thermal allodynia caused by pain and reduce anxious behaviors. The results suggest the potential benefits of CBD for treating chronic pain and associated conditions such as anxiety.
Article
Neurosciences
Jingyi Wang, Yohan John, Helen Barbas
Summary: The ACC is one of the few prefrontal areas that receives direct hippocampal terminations, potentially influencing goal-directed actions and emotional regulation. Hippocampal terminations mainly target the posterior A25 region, with strong excitatory effects on neurons. Additionally, the proximity of hippocampal terminations to D1 receptors in the deep layers of A25 may enhance dopamine effects on information transfer and emotional control.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Andrew J. D. Nelson
Summary: The anterior thalamic nuclei play a crucial role in spatial learning and memory, but recent research has shown that their functions extend beyond spatial processing to include temporal discrimination and processing of other contextual information. Additionally, these nuclei are also important for non-spatial learning, including attentional mechanisms. This indicates the need to reconsider the functions of the anterior thalamic nuclei within a broader framework of connections with sites supporting non-spatial functions such as the anterior cingulate cortex.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Iris Dalhuisen, Eveline Ackermans, Lieke Martens, Peter Mulders, Joey Bartholomeus, Alex de Bruijn, Jan Spijker, Philip van Eijndhoven, Indira Tendolkar
Summary: This study investigated the longitudinal effects of rTMS on the volumes of the hippocampus and amygdala as well as cortical thickness in patients with chronic treatment-resistant depression. The results suggest that rTMS can induce neuroplastic changes, especially in cortical thickness, independent of treatment response. Additionally, longitudinal changes in amygdala volume were observed in males.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Esmeralda Hidalgo-Lopez, Isabel Noachtar, Belinda Pletzer
Summary: This study investigated the influence of anti-androgenic and progestin on the resting state functional connectivity (rs-FC) between the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and amygdala, while controlling for the androgenicity of progestin. The results showed that regardless of the androgenicity of progestin, rs-FC between the amygdala and frontal areas, as well as between ACC and temporoparietal areas, decreased with longer duration of HC use. However, the type of progestin had different effects on the gray matter volume of the left ACC and the connectivity between bilateral ACC and the right inferior frontal gyrus.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Lorena Morales, Alba Gonzalez-Alonso, Ester Desfilis, Loreta Medina
Summary: Using two specific reporter lines of transgenic mice, we have identified and described different populations of Otp cells across various regions of the pallium. Some of these populations can be traced during development, suggesting migration from external sources, while others are formed postnatally or in adulthood. We discuss the possible roles of Otp in these populations at different stages of ontogenesis and analyze their connectivity patterns and functional implications.
FRONTIERS IN NEURAL CIRCUITS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Edmund T. Rolls, Gustavo Deco, Chu-Chung Huang, Jianfeng Feng
Summary: The human orbitofrontal cortex, vmPFC, and anterior cingulate cortex play a crucial role in reward processing, emotion, and episodic memory. Effective connectivity between cortical regions and subcortical regions was measured in the human brain, revealing the complex network involved in these processes. This research enhances our understanding of the functional and neural connections in the brain.
Article
Biology
Benjamin Suarez-Jimenez, Nicholas L. Balderston, James A. Bisby, Joseph Leshin, Abigail Hsiung, John A. King, Daniel S. Pine, Neil Burgess, Christian Grillon, Monique Ernst
Summary: The study used fMRI imaging to investigate how pathological anxiety disorders affect brain activation during a contextual threat learning paradigm. Results showed that anxiety disorder patients engage different brain areas to modulate context-appropriate emotional responses, particularly in safe and dangerous zones within the experiment.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Kei Sakikawa, Yuri Masaoka, Motoyasu Honma, Akira Yoshikawa, Masaki Yoshida, Sawa Kamimura, Masahiro Ida, Hitome Kobayashi, Masahiko Izumizaki
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between olfactory abilities and brain activation in elderly individuals using fMRI. The results showed that the left amygdala had the greatest impact on olfactory detection and recognition, while the entorhinal cortex, parahippocampus, and hippocampus supported amygdala activation. Functional decline in the entorhinal cortex and parahippocampus crucially impacted olfactory recognition, which could be compensated for by amygdala function through connections with frontal regions.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Kelly Perlman, Raphael Chouinard-Watkins, Arnaud Tanti, Giulia Cisbani, Massimiliano Orri, Gustavo Turecki, Richard P. Bazinet, Naguib Mechawar
Summary: This study examined the impact of child abuse on fatty acid concentrations in the white matter of the brain in individuals with depression. The results showed that child abuse may lead to alterations in fatty acids in the arachidonic acid synthesis pathway, and that the concentration of most fatty acids decreases with age.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
