Article
Physiology
M. Dutschmann, T. G. Bautista, P. Trevizan-Bau, R. R. Dhingra, W. Furuya
Summary: Bilateral inhibition of the KFn triggers apneusis (prolonged inspiration) and abolishes pre-inspiratory discharge of facial, vagal and hypoglossal nerves as well as post-inspiratory discharge in the vagus.
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Chiara Maria Lo Feudo, Giovanni Stancari, Federica Collavo, Luca Stucchi, Bianca Conturba, Enrica Zucca, Francesco Ferrucci
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the possible relationship between the complete resting evaluation of the upper and lower airways and dynamic upper airway obstructions (DUAO). The results showed that flaccidity of the epiglottis was associated with dorsal displacement of the soft palate, while epiglottis length was not related to DUAO. There were no associations between DUAO and pharyngo-laryngeal hyperplasia (PLH), lower airway inflammation (LAI), or exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH). In conclusion, the epiglottis may play a role in upper airway stability, while airway inflammation does not seem to contribute to the development of DUAO.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
L. E. Fitzharris, S. H. Franklin, A. K. McConnell, M. J. Hezzell, K. J. Allen
Summary: This study assessed the feasibility of IMT in racehorses and found that IMT can reduce UAC-related symptoms and increase upper airway muscle strength. However, limitations included a small sample size and lack of a control group, indicating the need for further research.
VETERINARY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amalia Ruiz-Serrano, Josep M. Monne Rodriguez, Julia Gunter, Samantha P. M. Sherman, Agnieszka E. Jucht, Pascal Fluechter, Yulia L. Volkova, Svende Pfundstein, Giovanni Pellegrini, Carsten A. Wagner, Christoph Schneider, Roland H. Wenger, Carsten C. Scholz
Summary: OTUB1 is a highly expressed deubiquitinase that plays a role in lung development and pathogenesis, but its physiological function remains unknown. Deletion of Otub1 in mice leads to perinatal lethality due to respiratory failure, indicating its essential role in lung development and homeostasis. Additionally, Otub1 deletion enhances cell proliferation and mTOR signaling in lung tissues, suggesting OTUB1 is a negative regulator of mTOR signaling with crucial functions in lung biology and respiratory regulation.
Article
Pediatrics
Marialuisa Corbeddu, Duino Meucci, Andrea Diociaiuti, Simona Giancristoforo, Roberta Rotunno, Michaela Veronika Gonfiantini, Marilena Trozzi, Sergio Bottero, May El Hachem
Summary: Airway infantile hemangiomas (IHs) can be life-threatening, with no standardized diagnosis and treatment yet. Airway endoscopy is crucial for diagnosis, and early detection and treatment are essential to prevent complications.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Ghada Bourjeily, Laura Sanapo, Geralyn Messerlian, Margaret H. Bublitz, Beth Hott, Melissa Guillen, Annaly Aldana, Ashanti Avalos, Tamara Sequeira, Cheryl Felber, Cynthia Brosnan, Talal El Zarif, F. Dennis McCool
Summary: This study examined changes in respiratory mechanics during pregnancy and the role of sex hormones. The researchers found that as pregnancy progresses, there is an increase in respiratory resistance and elastic loads, and changing body position further increases these loads. They also discovered a relationship between changes in sex hormone levels and airway resistance.
Article
Anesthesiology
Mon Ohn, David Sommerfield, Julie Nguyen, Daisy Evans, R. Nazim Khan, Neil Hauser, Hayley Herbert, Paul Bumbak, Andrew C. Wilson, Peter R. Eastwood, Kathleen J. Maddison, Jennifer H. Walsh, Britta S. von Ungern-Sternberg
Summary: This study investigated the utility of pharyngeal closing pressure (PCLOSE) for predicting obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and perioperative respiratory adverse events. The results showed that PCLOSE can reliably identify moderate or severe OSA, but cannot predict perioperative respiratory adverse events.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Magali Boucher, Cyndi Henry, Alexis Dufour-Mailhot, Fatemeh Khadangi, Ynuk Bosse
Summary: C57BL/6 mice exposed to HDM showed increased inflammation but maintained normal responsiveness due to acquired ASM hypocontractility, while BALB/c mice exhibited airway hyperresponsiveness following HDM exposure. The results suggest that the lack of AHR in C57BL/6 mice in an acute model of HDM-induced pulmonary allergic inflammation is related to decreased ASM contractility.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Michael Barbour, Clare Richardson, Mike Bindschadler, Seth Friedman, Randall Bly, John P. Dahl, Alberto Aliseda
Summary: This study utilized 4D computed tomography and computational fluid dynamics to assess the severity of upper airway obstruction (UAO) in patients with Robin Sequence. The results showed significant variations in UAO severity and correlation with clinical respiratory support. These findings may contribute to the improvement of understanding and management of UAO in Robin Sequence patients.
ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Jason H. T. Bates, Ubong Peters, Nirav Daphtary, Erick S. MacLean, Kevin Hodgdon, David A. Kaminsky, Swati Bhatawadekar, Anne E. Dixon
Summary: The obesity epidemic is leading to a rise in asthma incidence, particularly involving the obesity-specific late-onset nonallergic (LONA) phenotype. The study found that all obese individuals experience substantial lung collapse during passive exhalation, with LONA asthmatics showing increased airway resistance over the middle of the volume range. Additionally, following methacholine challenge, obese LONA asthmatics had higher breathing frequencies and lower tidal volumes compared to other participants.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yavuz F. Yazicioglu, Eros Marin, Ciaran Sandhu, Silvia Galiani, Iwan G. A. Raza, Mohammad Ali, Barbara Kronsteiner, Ewoud B. Compeer, Moustafa Attar, Susanna J. Dunachie, Michael L. Dustin, Alexander J. Clarke
Summary: Clarke and colleagues discovered that germinal center B cells have dynamic mitochondria regulated by the transcription factor TFAM. TFAM helps the B cells enter the germinal center reaction by modulating cellular motility. Understanding this mechanism is important as germinal center B cells undergo rapid proliferation in a hypoxic microenvironment.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Christian Rosas-Salazar, Kyle S. Kimura, Meghan H. Shilts, Britton A. Strickland, Michael H. Freeman, Bronson C. Wessinger, Veerain Gupta, Hunter M. Brown, Helen H. Boone, Seesandra Rajagopala, Justin H. Turner, Suman Ranjan Das
Summary: Little is known about the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the upper respiratory tract microbiota. In this study, we characterized the URT microbiota in COVID-19 patients and controls using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Our results indicate that COVID-19 can lead to long-lasting alterations in the URT microbiota.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yuqing Chen, Yueyang Yuan, Hai Zhang, Feng Li
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of dynamic mechanics estimation using expiratory time constant (RCexp) calculation during noninvasive pressure support ventilation (PSV) with air leak in different lung models. The results showed that the RCexp method accurately estimated airway resistance in non-obstructive conditions, but underestimated it at V-T of 5.0 ml/kg.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Peter Anders Andersen, Kasper Moller Boje Rasmussen, Hani Ibrahim Channir, Christian von Buchwald, Per Caye-Thomasen, Mads Klokker, Jenny Dahl Knudsen, Nikolai Soren Kirkby, Kasper Aanaes, Ramon Gordon Jensen
Summary: The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was minimal among patients with acute UAI and zero among patients operated for HNC during the first 6 weeks of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in a Danish tertiary referral otorhinolaryngology clinic. The decrease in referrals for the workup of HNC may lead to delays in treatment initiation and increased patient morbidity.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Michelle L. Tucker, David G. Wilson, Donald J. Bergstrom, James L. Carmalt
Summary: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been useful in planning upper airway surgery in humans, but its application in equine models is limited. This study aimed to generate a CFD model to compare different surgical treatments for equine recurrent laryngeal neuropathy (RLN). The accuracy of the CFD model was validated against measured airflow characteristics, and the anatomic distribution of pressure, velocity, and turbulent kinetic energy associated with RLN and each surgical procedure was explored.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Correction
Neurosciences
Raymond P. Kesner, Hui Xu, Taylor Sommer, Casey Wright, Vanessa R. Barrera, Michael S. Fanselow
Article
Neurosciences
G. Song, H. Xu, H. Wang, S. M. Macdonald, C. -S. Poon
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dan-Dan Hong, Wen-Qiang Huang, Ai-Ai Ji, Sha-Sha Yang, Hui Xu, Ke-Yi Sun, Aihua Cao, Wen-Jun Gao, Ning Zhou, Ping Yu
METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
(2019)
Article
Pathology
Hui Xu, Nduka Enemchukwu, Xiaoyue Zhong, Olivia Zhang, Yingbin Fu
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
J. Mario Isas, Nitin K. Pandey, Hui Xu, Kazuki Teranishi, Alan K. Okada, Ellisa K. Fultz, Anoop Rawat, Anise Applebaum, Franziska Meier, Jeannie Chen, Ralf Langen, Ansgar B. Siemer
Summary: The research identified structural differences among different types of HTTex1 fibrils, focusing on the dynamics and entanglement of the PRD domain, which can be interconverted and have varying toxicities. The study also showed that low entanglement toxic fibrils have higher affinities for protein interactors, making them more effective seeds for HTTex1 in cells.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hui Xu, Nange Jin, Jen-Zen Chuang, Zhao Zhang, Xiaoyue Zhong, Zhijing Zhang, Ching-Hwa Sung, Christophe P. Ribelayga, Yingbin Fu
Summary: This study investigates the physiological roles of cone opsins in mice using a loss-of-function approach. It finds that mice with cone opsin deficiency are unable to form normal outer segments but can survive for an extended period of time. Although these mutant cones do not respond to light directly, they continue to mediate visual signaling by relaying the rod signals through rod-cone gap junctions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Saba Shahin, Hui Xu, Bin Lu, Augustus Mercado, Melissa K. Jones, Benjamin Bakondi, Shaomei Wang
Summary: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited retinal degenerative disorders. Gene therapy has been effective in treating autosomal recessive RP, but limited options are available for autosomal dominant RP. In vivo gene editing may be a therapeutic option, and this study shows the successful rescue of vision in rats with autosomal dominant RP through AAV delivery of a CRISPR/Cas9 construct.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose M. Bravo-Arredondo, Rajashree Venkataraman, Jobin Varkey, Jose Mario Isas, Alan J. Situ, Hui Xu, Jeannie Chen, Tobias S. Ulmer, Ralf Langen
Summary: Huntington's disease is caused by polyQ expansion in huntingtin protein. Antibodies like MW1 preferentially bind to huntingtin fragments with longer polyQ lengths and cause the formation of a new non-native conformation. This study reveals the mechanism behind MW1's preference for longer polyQ lengths and suggests the possibility of targeting proteins with longer polyQ lengths.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Saba Shahin, Bin Lu, Yueqin Zhou, Hui Xu, Jason Chetsawang, Robert H. Baloh, Shaomei Wang
Summary: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A (CMT2A) is the most common inherited peripheral axonal neuropathy with over 100 dominant mutations, including the R94Q mutation in the MFN2 gene. CMT2A is characterized by progressive motor and sensory loss, color vision defects, and progressive loss of visual acuity. Using a transgenic mouse model with the R94Q mutation, researchers found extensive vision loss and retinal degeneration, which were rescued by augmenting MFN1 and restoring mitochondrial homeostasis.
