Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Can Dong, Antoine D. Madar, Mark E. J. Sheffield
Summary: The study found that CA1 and CA3 play different roles in spatial memory processing. Place fields in CA1 emerge rapidly but tend to shift backwards from trial-to-trial and remap upon re-exposure to the environment a day later, while place fields in CA3 develop gradually and show more stable trial-to-trial and day-to-day dynamics, indicating distinct functional roles in representing space for each subfield.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Kichul Cho, Sang-Moo Lee, Jina Heo, Yong Min Kwon, Dawoon Chung, Woon-Jong Yu, Seung Seob Bae, Grace Choi, Dae-Sung Lee, Youngjun Kim
Summary: Retinoic acid is essential for cell growth, differentiation, and embryogenesis, and inhibition of RALDH activity can lead to reproductive and developmental toxicity. The AOP(297) was discussed to support the evidence for RALDH inhibition-related developmental toxicity.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabriel Berdugo-Vega, Shonali Dhingra, Federico Calegari
Summary: This article reviews a wealth of research in cellular, anatomical, behavioral, and computational studies on the mammalian hippocampus, aiming to understand the fundamental mechanisms underlying cognition. Despite accumulating knowledge on how the hippocampus processes and stores information for learning and memory, our understanding of hippocampal cognitive function remains incomplete. The article discusses the structural separability of the two blades of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus and proposes a model that suggests differences in connectivity and adult neurogenesis in the two blades may contribute to subtly different cognitive functions.
Review
Neurosciences
Jesse D. Cushman, Michael R. Drew, Franklin B. Krasne
Summary: The primary function of juvenile and adult hippocampal neurogenesis appears to be allowing behavioral experience to shape connectivity in the dentate gyrus and optimize hippocampal circuits for future learning. This environmental sculpting reduces overlap among memory representations, provides more information, and allows for more memories to be stored accurately. The decline of neurogenesis prior to adulthood may be explained by this prospective function of sculpting hippocampal circuits.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elise C. Cope, Samantha H. Wang, Renee C. Waters, Isha R. Gore, Betsy Vasquez, Blake J. Laham, Elizabeth Gould
Summary: Activation of the hippocampal CA2-ventral CA1 circuit in adult Shank3B knockout mice restores social memory. These findings suggest that stimulating adult circuitry in a mouse model with neurodevelopmental impairments can invoke latent social memory function.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Minjae Han, Pyung Cheon Lee
Summary: Microbial production of bioactive retinoids has been reported, with successful redesign of two genes leading to increased retinoic acid production in Escherichia coli through engineering and culture optimization. Further refinements in gene expression levels and protein engineering may continue to enhance retinoic acid production.
Review
Cell Biology
Luka Culig, Xixia Chu, Vilhelm A. Bohr
Summary: Adult neurogenesis is a potential target for extending cognitive healthspan, as aging is a major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. This review describes the role of adult neurogenesis in neurodegenerative diseases and discusses the molecular mechanisms involving key proteins. Interventions that increase neurogenesis and regulate aging research targets are summarized, and the outlook for restoring neurogenesis levels in elderly individuals and those with neurodegeneration is shared.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mahsa Mohammadi, Kiarash Eskandari, Ronak Azizbeigi, Abbas Haghparast
Summary: Cannabidiol (CBD) has the potential to decrease the rewarding effects of psychostimulants, but the exact mechanism and neuroanatomical areas responsible for its effects are unclear. This study investigated the involvement of D1-like dopamine receptors (D1R) in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) in CBD's inhibitory effects on the acquisition and expression of METH-induced conditioned place preference (CPP).
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Amanda D'Espessailles, Valeria Campos, Nevenka Juretic, Gladys S. Tapia, Paulina Pettinelli
Summary: The dietary supplementation of alpha- and gamma-tocopherols was found to modulate the expression of hepatic retinaldehyde dehydrogenases and lipogenic factors, reducing the presence of lipid vesicles and total lipid content in an animal model of diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Article
Neurosciences
Cristian Morales, Juan Facundo Morici, Nelson Espinosa, Agostina Sacson, Ariel Lara-Vasquez, M. A. Garcia-Perez, Pedro Bekinschtein, Noelia Weisstaub, Pablo Fuentealba
Summary: Memory systems store and discriminate representations of similar experiences through pattern separation to guide future decisions efficiently. Somatostatin cells in the dentate gyrus play a crucial role in the acquisition of contextual and spatial overlapping memories.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cassidy T. Burke, Iuliia Vitko, Justyna Straub, Elsa O. Nylund, Agnieszka Gawda, Kathryn Blair, Kyle A. Sullivan, Lara Ergun, Matteo Ottolini, Manoj K. Patel, Edward Perez-Reyes
Summary: Epileptogenesis involves changes in neuronal firing and gene transcription networks, which can be targeted by the activity-dependent transcription factor EpiPro. The study successfully validated the effectiveness of EpiPro in multiple rodent models of epilepsy, highlighting its potential as a gene therapy driver for epilepsy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Kelsey D. McDermott, M. Agustina Frechou, Jake T. Jordan, Sunaina S. Martin, J. Tiago Goncalves
Summary: Aging is associated with cognitive deficits, especially in spatial memory. The hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) is important for processing spatial information but is vulnerable to aging. Using two-photon calcium imaging, researchers found that neuronal activity and spatial representations in the DG were impaired in aged mice. However, with repeated exposure to the same environment, spatial tuning and information levels in aged mice improved, while activity remained elevated.
Review
Neurosciences
Tasuku Araki, Yuji Ikegaya, Ryuta Koyama
Summary: Hippocampal neurogenesis continues throughout life and is tightly controlled by environmental conditions, with microglia and astrocytes playing key roles in modulating the process. Glial cells release factors that support adult neurogenesis under normal conditions, but can also contribute to inflammation and hinder neurogenesis in diseases like Alzheimer's, depression, and epilepsy.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Elijah A. Petter, Isabella P. Fallon, Ryan N. Hughes, Glenn D. R. Watson, Warren H. Meck, Francesco Paolo Ulloa Severino, Henry H. Yin
Summary: Animals can learn through reinforcement learning, and previous research has shown the importance of dopaminergic projections to the basal ganglia in this process. However, little is known about the role of the hippocampus. This study found that a specific population of hippocampal neurons, receiving dopaminergic input from the locus coeruleus and expressing D1 dopamine receptors, is involved in operant self-stimulation.
Article
Neurosciences
Minghua Li, Jessica L. Kinney, Yu-Qiu Jiang, Daniel K. Lee, Qiwen Wu, Daehoon Lee, Wen-Cheng Xiong, Qian Sun
Summary: A key mode of neuronal communication between distant brain regions is through excitatory synaptic transmission mediated by long-range glutamatergic projections. However, we found that the glutamatergic projection from the hypothalamic supramammillary nucleus (SuM) largely avoids pyramidal neurons in hippocampal CA3 region and instead targets interneurons to provide feedforward inhibition. This novel long-range glutamatergic pathway suppresses the activity of principal neurons and reveals a new means by which SuM regulates hippocampal activity.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta U. Woloszynowska-Fraser, Azita Kouchmeshky, Peter McCaffery
ANNUAL REVIEW OF NUTRITION, VOL 40, 2020
(2020)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jason Nicol Clark, Andrew Whiting, Peter McCaffery
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG METABOLISM & TOXICOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Victoria Gorberg, Peter McCaffery, Sharon Anavi-Goffer
Summary: The study found that the potency of Δ(9)-THC in inhibiting DOI-induced repetitive behaviors varies between juvenile and young adult mice, and CBD alone can induce side effects, significantly increasing the frequency of tics in both juveniles and young adults.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Eduardo Almeida Guimaraes Nogueira, Flavia Rodrigues de Oliveira, Vitor Martinez de Carvalho, Carina Telarolli, Yara Dadalti Fragoso
Summary: Catastrophization appears to be an individual trait in migraine sufferers and is unrelated to characteristics of the migraine itself. Approximately one third of individuals with migraines display high scores for catastrophization, and there is a moderate association between catastrophization and traits of depression and anxiety.
ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Claudio Scorcine, Stefanie Verissimo, Angela Couto, Fabricio Madureira, Dilmar Guedes, Yara Dadalti Fragoso, Emilson Colantonio
Summary: The study demonstrated that an aquatic strength-training program is effective in increasing physical capacities and reducing fatigue levels in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Andrea Accogli, Shenzhao Lu, Ilaria Musante, Paolo Scudieri, Jill A. Rosenfeld, Mariasavina Severino, Simona Baldassari, Michele Iacomino, Antonella Riva, Ganna Balagura, Gianluca Piccolo, Carlo Minetti, Denis Roberto, Fan Xia, Razaali Razak, Emily Lawrence, Mohamed Hussein, Emmanuel Yih-Herng Chang, Michelle Holick, Elisa Cali, Emanuela Aliberto, Rosalba De-Sarro, Antonio Gambardella, Lisa Emrick, Peter J. A. McCaffery, Margaret Clagett-Dame, Paul C. Marcogliese, Hugo J. Bellen, Seema R. Lalani, Federico Zara, Pasquale Striano, Vincenzo Salpietro
Summary: This study identified a new neurodevelopmental disorder caused by loss of the NAV2 gene, highlighting a critical conserved role of the NAV2 gene in brain and cerebellar development.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Yara Dadalti Fragoso, Luciana Prats Branco, Vitor Martinez de Carvalho
Summary: This review summarizes data on pregnancy and multiple sclerosis (MS). Pregnancy does not have a negative impact on MS, but it is important for women to control the disease before conceiving. There are different therapeutic options available for MS treatment, but not all of them are safe for pregnant women.
CURRENT OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Victoria Gorberg, Veronika Borisov, Iain R. Greig, Roger G. Pertwee, Peter McCaffery, Sharon Anavi-Goffer
Summary: Delta(9)-THC and HU-308, a selective CB2 receptor agonist, have different effects on tics in individuals with Tourette syndrome. CB2 receptors play an important role in reducing tics, and their effects vary with gender and age.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Anna Ashton, Jason Clark, Julia Fedo, Angelo Sementilli, Yara D. D. Fragoso, Peter McCaffery
Summary: The pineal gland regulates the circadian timing system through melatonin production. The study investigates the interaction between the pineal gland and retinoic acid (RA) signaling system. It is found that there is conservation of the RA signaling system in mammalian species, but RA does not have a short-term effect on clock gene expression. Unexpectedly, melatonin was found to suppress the induction of gene transcription by RA.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter I. Imoesi, Cristian M. Olarte-Sanchez, Lorenzo Croce, William S. Blaner, Peter J. Morgan, Lora Heisler, Peter Mccaffery
Summary: This study investigates the role of the hypothalamus in regulating vitamin A levels in the liver and circulation. Injection of retinol or retinoic acid into the rat brain and alteration of retinoids in the mouse hypothalamus through Rbp4 gene knockdown resulted in changes in liver proteins controlling vitamin A homeostasis. Prolonged disruption of Rbp4 in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus altered retinol levels in the liver, suggesting a possible vitaminostatic role of the brain.
Article
Neurosciences
Marta U. Woloszynowska-Fraser, Sharyn L. Rossi, Jeffrey M. Long, Peter J. McCaffery, Peter R. Rapp
Summary: The study found that changes in retinoic acid (RA) signaling in the hippocampus of aging rats are associated with cognitive decline. Age-unimpaired rats showed a decrease in the RA substrate RBP4, while aged impaired rats exhibited increased RA synthesis. These results suggest that increased RA signaling in the aged hippocampus is linked to poor cognitive outcomes.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ana L. C. Martimbianco, Fabio C. Prosdocimi, Camillo Anauate-Netto, Elaine M. dos Santos, Gustavo D. Mendes, Yara D. Fragoso
Summary: Patients with Parkinson's disease have poor oral health, with conditions that are mostly preventable. Most studies provide class IV evidence, while one paper offers class II evidence.
NEUROLOGY AND THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Stella Boreggio Machado, Raquel Cabral, Nadya Murade, Nayara Cavalcanti Ares, Claudio Scorcine, Yara Dadalti Fragoso
ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA
(2020)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yara Dadalti Fragoso, Heloisa Helena Ruocco, Ronaldo Maciel Dias, Hideraldo Cabeca, Ricardo Goncalves, Nise A. de Carvalho Sousa, Caroline Vieira Spessotto, Carlos Bernardo Tauil, Soniza Vieira Alves-Leon, Sidney Gomes, Marcus Vinicius M. Goncalves, Suzana C. Nunes Machado, Andrea Anacleto, Eber Castro Correa, Maria Lucia V. Pimentel, Gutemberg Augusto C. Santos
NEUROLOGY AND THERAPY
(2019)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yara Dadalti Fragoso
DRUGS & THERAPY PERSPECTIVES
(2019)