Article
Psychiatry
Chun-Hung Chang, Wen-Lung Wang, Yu-Hui Shieh, Han-Yuan Peng, Chen-Syuan Ho, Hsin-Chi Tsai
Summary: This study reports the case of a 62-year-old male patient with treatment-refractory tinnitus and depression who significantly improved after undergoing low-frequency rTMS over the right-side dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left auditory cortex area. The findings suggest that sequential stimulation of multiple brain regions using low-frequency rTMS may have clinical benefits for patients with tinnitus and depression.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shixie Jiang, Jingyu Huang, Hao Yang, Ryan Wagoner, F. Andrew Kozel, Glenn Currier, Huabei Jiang
Summary: This study utilized a novel diffuse optical tomography (DOT) device to investigate the neurophysiological effects of rTMS in depressed and healthy subjects. The results demonstrated that depressed subjects had a delayed and less robust response to rTMS with decreased volume of activation compared to healthy subjects.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Paul B. Fitzgerald
Summary: This paper reviews literature on rTMS targeting methods for major depressive disorder (MDD) treatment, with some evidence suggesting optimal outcomes are achieved with stimulation at a relatively anterior site in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). However, some research indicates the possibility of two effective stimulation sites: one posterior and one anterior in the DLPFC. Neuro-navigational methods are likely to consistently ensure proper placement of the TMS coil for targeted stimulation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shuolin Jiang, Cuijing Zhan, Peikun He, Shujun Feng, Yuyuan Gao, Jiehao Zhao, Limin Wang, Yuhu Zhang, Kun Nie, Yihui Qiu, Lijuan Wang
Summary: This study found that neuronavigated high-frequency rTMS at the left DLPFC is effective in improving depression, anxiety, and motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease patients.
Article
Psychiatry
Ronald E. See, Branon Eusebio, David Agnew, Mark Heatwole
Summary: The study found that steroid hormones may not be reliable biomarkers of treatment response in patients with major depressive disorder undergoing repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). While rTMS significantly improved symptoms, salivary biomarker levels did not show significant changes during the treatment sessions.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hanall Lee, Joon Ho Lee, Moon-Hyon Hwang, Nyeonju Kang
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the potential effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) protocols on cardiovascular autonomic system (ANS) control. The results showed that applying excitatory and inhibitory rTMS protocols can significantly improve cardiovascular ANS control, reducing blood pressure and heart rate changes, and significantly improving heart rate variability. These improvements were observed when applying either excitatory rTMS protocols to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex or inhibitory rTMS protocols to the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Overall, these findings suggest that applying excitatory and inhibitory rTMS protocols on prefrontal cortical regions may be effective in improving cardiovascular ANS control.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Brenton Hordacre, Kristina Comacchio, Lindy Williams, Susan Hillier
Summary: The study demonstrated that active rTMS significantly improved depression in stroke survivors and was well tolerated. The mechanistic role of theta frequency functional connectivity may warrant further investigation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Danielle Hett, Jack Rogers, Clara Humpston, Steven Marwaha
Summary: The existing literature suggests that rTMS could be effective in reducing depressive symptoms in adolescents, yet caution is needed due to the lack of sham controlled randomized trials. The studies suffered from multiple biases, limiting the interpretation and generalization of the results.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Matthew Squires, Xiaohui Tao, Soman Elangovan, Raj Gururajan, Xujuan Zhou, Yuefeng Li, U. Rajendra Acharya
Summary: Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is an evidence-based treatment for depression. Machine learning techniques combined with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) connectivity can predict treatment outcomes before the start of rTMS treatment. This study demonstrates that the proposed model outperforms existing methods and identifies key biomarkers for predicting rTMS treatment response.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Xing Chen, Fei Jiang, Qun Yang, Peiyun Zhang, Haijiao Zhu, Chao Liu, Tongtong Zhang, Weijun Li, Jian Xu, Hongmei Shen
Summary: The study showed that bilateral rTMS had a certain effectiveness on depressive symptoms and dysfunction of HPA axis in MDD patients, alleviating depression by improving sleep disorders, and plasma ACTH levels can predict the efficacy of rTMS, especially in male patients.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jeanette Hui, Reza Zomorrodi, Pantelis Lioumis, Elnaz Ensafi, Daphne Voineskos, Aristotle Voineskos, Itay Hadas, Tarek K. Rajji, Daniel M. Blumberger, Zafiris J. Daskalakis
Summary: Altered interhemispheric connectivity is found in both schizophrenia and major depressive disorder patients, indicating disruptions of interhemispheric signaling processes. There was increased interhemispheric signal propagation in patient groups compared to healthy controls, but no difference between SCZ and MDD groups. These results enhance our understanding of physiological mechanisms underlying interhemispheric imbalances in SCZ and MDD.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Hyune June Lee, Sung Min Kim, Ji Yean Kwon
Summary: This systematic review found that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation has a significant therapeutic effect on peripartum depression, with no severe side effects to mothers or fetuses. Further research is needed to strengthen the confidence in these results.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Shinya Nakamura, Yodai Kishimoto, Masaki Sekino, Motoaki Nakamura, Ken-Ichiro Tsutsui
Summary: Using low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LF-rTMS) to inhibit neural activity in the ventral region of the medial frontal cortex (vMFC), this study found that the vMFC plays a causal role in regulating mood and the LF-rTMS-induced dysfunction of the vMFC serves as a valid nonhuman primate model of depression. The study also demonstrated that LF-rTMS targeting the vMFC induced depression-like symptoms in monkeys, including reduced movement activity, impaired sociability, decreased motivation, and increased plasma cortisol level.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yu-Ting Hu, Xi-Wen Hu, Jin-Fang Han, Jian-Feng Zhang, Ying-Ying Wang, Annemarie Wolff, Sara Tremblay, Dusan Hirjak, Zhong-Lin Tan, Georg Northoff
Summary: This study compared the therapeutic efficacy of rTMS at the left motor cortex (lMC) and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (lDLPFC) in MDD patients. The results showed no significant difference in treatment outcomes and tolerability between the two groups. The findings suggest that lMC can be a potential and easily accessible rTMS target.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Byoungwoo Cha, Jongwook Kim, Jong Moon Kim, Joo-Wan Choi, Jeein Choi, Kakyeong Kim, Jiook Cha, MinYoung Kim
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of high-frequency rTMS on post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) during the chronic phase. The results showed that high-frequency rTMS significantly improved cognitive abilities and ameliorated depression symptoms. Additionally, the study found a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines levels and changes in brain networks after treatment.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
F. H. Robin Cash, Anne Weigand, Andrew Zalesky, H. Shan Siddiqi, Jonathan Downar, B. Paul Fitzgerald, D. Michael Fox
Summary: Research indicates that using neuroimaging to identify a more precise therapeutic target for depression is crucial for the effectiveness of TMS treatment. New methods allow for precise positioning of the TMS coil, and targeting the frontal cortex with functional connectivity to deep limbic regions may be a more effective approach.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Aron T. Hill, Itay Hadas, Reza Zomorrodi, Daphne Voineskos, Paul B. Fitzgerald, Daniel M. Blumberger, Zafiris J. Daskalakis
Summary: This study utilized TMS-EEG to investigate the differences in neural oscillatory dynamics between subjects with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls (HC), revealing increased oscillatory power in the DLPFC area in MDD subjects before treatment, and decreased power after convulsive therapy. These findings suggest that convulsive therapy may modulate neural oscillatory activity in MDD.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Psychiatry
Paul B. Fitzgerald
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Paul B. Fitzgerald, Shane Gill, Salam Hussain, Shanthi Sarma, Suneel Chamoli, Alan Weiss, David Garside, Subramanian Purushothaman, Matthew Fasnacht, Brett Simpson, Tibi Csizmadia, Carol Dean, Colleen Loo
Summary: Clinical practice guidelines play a crucial role in shaping clinical practice, but the recently published guideline for managing patients with mood disorders, specifically in regards to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for depression treatment, has significant flaws and contradictions with scientific literature.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Psychiatry
R. H. McAllister-Williams, S. T. Aaronson, C. R. Conway, K. Demyttenaere, P. B. Fitzgerald, C. K. Loo, P. B. Mitchell, A. J. Rush, H. A. Sackeim, A. H. Young
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
M. Prabhavi N. Perera, Sudaraka Mallawaarachchi, Aleksandra Miljevic, Neil W. Bailey, Sally E. Herring, Paul B. Fitzgerald
Summary: This meta-analysis of 26 studies suggests that rTMS treatment has a modest effect on reducing OCD symptoms, with targeting the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex being the most effective approach. High-frequency and low-frequency rTMS show comparable effects, and the effects of active rTMS remain significantly superior to sham treatment 4 weeks post-treatment.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY-COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Paul B. Fitzgerald, Mark S. George, Saxby Pridmore
Summary: Despite over 25 years of research establishing the antidepressant efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, there is still uncertainty surrounding the depth and breadth of this evidence base. However, numerous studies have shown that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is effective in treating depression, with meta-analyses and umbrella reviews indicating that it may be more effective than other alternatives for patients with treatment-resistant depression. Additionally, real-world studies have confirmed meaningful response and remission rates in over 5000 patients, suggesting that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation should be a routine part of clinical care.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Xianwei Che, Robin F. H. Cash, Xi Luo, Hong Luo, Xiaodong Lu, Feng Xu, Yu-Feng Zang, Paul B. Fitzgerald, Bernadette M. Fitzgibbon
Summary: The study found that high-frequency rTMS stimulation of the DLPFC has significant short-term analgesic effects on neuropathic pain. There is also an overall pain reduction in the midterm and long term, as well as significant analgesic effect on provoked pain following HF-rTMS over the DLPFC.
Article
Psychiatry
Paul B. Fitzgerald, Shane Gill, Michael Breakspear, Jayashri Kulkarni, Leo Chen, Saxby Pridmore, Subramanian Purushothaman, Cherrie Galletly, Patrick Clarke, Felicity Ng, Salam Hussain, Suneel Chamoli, Tibi Csizmadia, Patrick Tolan, Luca Cocchi, Samir Ibrahim Oam, Kavitha Shankar, Shanthi Sarma, Michael Lau, Colleen Loo, Tarun Yadav, Kate E. Hoy
Summary: This article discusses the controversy surrounding repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment of depression as addressed in the Royal Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, while also highlighting the strong evidence supporting the safety, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of this treatment method.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Aleksandra Miljevic, Neil W. Bailey, Fidel Vila-Rodriguez, Sally E. Herring, Paul B. Fitzgerald
Summary: Brain connectivity can be estimated through analysis of EEG data, but there is substantial heterogeneity in the implementation of connectivity methods. Standardization of processing and reporting can improve comparability and synthesizability of EEG connectivity studies. This article discusses factors influencing connectivity estimates and provides recommendations and a checklist for quality assessment.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY-COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING
(2022)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Paul B. Fitzgerald, Rebecca Anne Segrave, Alex Fornito, Ben J. Harrison, Kate Hoy
Letter
Psychiatry
Paul B. Fitzgerald, Saxby Pridmore
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Shane Gill, Salam Hussain, Subramanian Purushothaman, Shanthi Sarma, Alan Weiss, Suneel Chamoli, Matthew Fasnacht, Ashu Gandhi, Paul B. Fitzgerald, Brett Simpson, Colleen K. Loo
Summary: In the last century, the prescribing of electroconvulsive therapy involved considering unilateral versus bilateral treatment options. However, recent research has shown that various parameters of the therapy can significantly impact its effectiveness and cognitive side effects. The dose relative to seizure threshold and stimulus pulse width have been found to be particularly important factors in determining efficacy and side effects. This viewpoint aims to raise awareness among psychiatrists about the importance of considering these parameters when prescribing electroconvulsive therapy.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Aleksandra Miljevic, Neil W. Bailey, Oscar W. Murphy, M. Prabhavi N. Perera, Paul B. Fitzgerald
Summary: The brain works as an organised, network-like structure of functionally interconnected regions, and disruptions to interconnectivity in certain networks have been linked to symptoms of depression and impairments in cognition. This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on EEG functional connectivity (FC) in depression. Fifty-two studies were identified, and while consistent findings were found in resting-state studies, no clear conclusions could be drawn about the direction of differences in FC due to inconsistencies in study design and methodology. More robust research is needed to understand the true differences in EEG FC in depression, as characterizing how FC differs in depression is essential for understanding its etiology.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Zahra Moussavi, Grant Rutherford, Brian Lithgow, Colleen Millikin, Mandana Modirrousta, Behzad Mansouri, Xikui Wang, Craig Omelan, Lesley Fellows, Paul Fitzgerald, Lisa Koski
Summary: This study aims to recruit up to 200 eligible participants to estimate the difference in treatment effects between active treatment and sham treatment, as well as between two doses of rTMS applications. The study design is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial investigating short- and long-term benefits of active rTMS treatment in patients with Alzheimer dementia. Preliminary results show promising outcomes and no serious adverse events as of November 2020.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2021)