Article
Neurosciences
Li Luo, Le Yang, Kun Zhang, Shi-Meng Zhou, Yan Wang, Liu-Kun Yang, Bin Feng, Shui-Bing Liu, Yu-Mei Wu, Ming-Gao Zhao, Qi Yang
Summary: This study found that abnormal expression of caveolin-1 (Cav1) in Fragile X syndrome (FXS) patients leads to enhanced mGluR-dependent long-term depression (LTD) and further induces endocytosis of AMPA receptor. Massive cholesterol accumulation contributes to redundant caveolae formation, and alleviating FXS symptoms can be achieved by cholesterol depletion.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Karima Habbas, Oktay Cakil, Boglarka Zambo, Ricardos Tabet, Fabrice Riet, Doulaye Dembele, Jean-Louis Mandel, Michael Hocquemiller, Ralph Laufer, Francoise Piguet, Herve Moine
Summary: Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a common form of familial intellectual disability caused by the lack of RNA-binding protein FMRP. This study demonstrates that DGKk, an mRNA target of FMRP and a regulator of lipid signaling, plays an important role in FXS pathogenesis, and the delivery of modified and FMRP-independent DGKk can correct abnormal lipid signaling and behavioral phenotypes in FXS mice.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Benjamin D. Auerbach, Senthilvelan Manohar, Kelly Radziwon, Richard Salvi
Summary: The study characterized auditory hypersensitivity in a Fmr1 knockout transgenic rat model of FX, revealing perceptual evidence of excessive loudness growth and altered integration of sound duration and bandwidth in Fmr1 KO rats. Antagonism of mGlu5 selectively and dose-dependently restored normal loudness growth in Fmr1 KO rats, suggesting a pharmacologic approach for alleviating sensory hypersensitivity associated with FX. Leveraging the tractable nature of the auditory system and unique behavioral advantages of rats, this study provides important insights into an understudied aspect of FX and ASD.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
B. Di Marco, P. Dell'Albani, S. D'Antoni, M. Spatuzza, C. M. Bonaccorso, S. A. Musumeci, F. Drago, B. Bardoni, M. V. Catania
Summary: The study found a novel modulatory role of mGlu5 receptor in SGs formation, providing new perspectives for understanding cellular response to stress in FXS pathophysiology.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sang S. Seo, Susana R. Louros, Natasha Anstey, Miguel A. Gonzalez-Lozano, Callista B. Harper, Nicholas C. Verity, Owen Dando, Sophie R. Thomson, Jennifer C. Darnell, Peter C. Kind, Ka Wan Li, Emily K. Osterweil
Summary: Dysregulated protein synthesis is a key contributing factor to the development of Fragile X syndrome. The authors of this study have identified a relationship between ribosome expression and the translation of long mRNAs, which is responsible for synaptic weakening in Fragile X syndrome.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Kaylynn Shuleski, Laura Zalles, Reymundo Lozano
Summary: This study explores the concerns and challenges caregivers of individuals affected by Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) encounter when considering long-term support plans. Most FXS individuals currently live with family due to various reasons, such as parental desire and inability to live independently. Caregivers are concerned about multiple aspects of the individuals' future, with higher levels of concern for younger individuals.
Article
Neurosciences
Nicola B. Mercuri, Mauro Federici, Francesca Romana Rizzo, Lorenzo Maugeri, Sebastian L. D'Addario, Rossella Ventura, Nicola Berretta
Summary: The activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors leads to a prolonged depression of striatal dopamine release and enhances firing of cholinergic interneurons, resulting in anxiety-like behavior.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Laura Musazzi
Summary: This review focuses on the antidepressant effect of pharmacological modulation of metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors, highlighting mGlu2/3 antagonists as the most promising compounds for the development of new antidepressants. Despite accumulating evidence supporting the role of glutamate modulation in rapid antidepressant effects, more mechanistic studies are needed to fully understand the potential of drugs targeting the glutamate synapse in depression.
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG DISCOVERY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
G. Martella, P. Bonsi, P. Imbriani, G. Sciamanna, H. Nguyen, L. Yu-Taeger, M. Schneider, S. M. Poli, R. Lutjens, A. Pisani
Summary: Impairment of long-term synaptic plasticity is a unique endophenotype of certain forms of dystonia. Broad-spectrum antimuscarinic drugs and negative allosteric modulators of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes may be potential therapeutic options for dystonia treatment. The findings suggest common signaling pathway dysfunction among distinct dystonia genes and indicate the potential of dipraglurant as a novel therapeutic agent for this debilitating disorder.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rohini Subrahmanyam, Deepanjali Dwivedi, Zubin Rashid, Katherine Bonnycastle, Michael A. Cousin, Sumantra Chattarji
Summary: This study reveals that FMRP represses spontaneous presynaptic SV fusion, while mGlu receptor activation increases this event, with reciprocal control likely mediated through their regulation of intrinsic neuronal excitability.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jithin D. Nair, Kevin A. Wilkinson, Busra P. Yucel, Christophe Mulle, Bryce Vissel, Jack Mellor, Jeremy M. Henley
Summary: Editing of GluK2 Q/R influences the synaptic expression and plasticity of AMPARs by modulating the ionotropic/metabotropic balance of KAR signaling.
Article
Cell Biology
Giselle Fernandes, Pradeep K. Mishra, Mohammad Sarfaraz Nawaz, Paul G. Donlin-Asp, Mohammed Mostafizur Rahman, Anupam Hazra, Sonal Kedia, Aiman Kayenaat, Dheeraj Songara, David J. A. Wyllie, Erin M. Schuman, Peter C. Kind, Sumantra Chattarji
Summary: In a rat model of Fragile X syndrome (FXS), it was observed that activation rather than inhibition of mGluRs in the basolateral amygdala reversed impairments in fear learning. Activation of presynaptic mGluR5 in the amygdala reversed deficient synaptic transmission and plasticity, restoring normal fear learning in FXS rats. This highlights the importance of considering circuit-specific differences in FXS pathophysiology when developing therapeutic strategies.
Article
Neurosciences
Yan Wang, Yi Jiang, Bai-Lin Song, Hua-Wei Zou, Zi-Lin Li, Lai-Fu Li, Ying-Juan Liu
Summary: The study revealed the functional role of mGlu2/3Rs within the septal nucleus in promoting stress resilience, providing potential new therapeutic targets for stress-induced psychiatric disorders.
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaotao Xu, Kaixuan Wu, Xiaqing Ma, Wenying Wang, Haiyan Wang, Min Huang, Limin Luo, Chen Su, Tifei Yuan, Haibo Shi, Ji Han, Aizhong Wang, Tao Xu
Summary: The study demonstrates that mGluR5 expressed in the NAc can modulate pain and social avoidance behavior induced by chronic social defeat stress. Overexpression of mGluR5 prevents the development of depressive-like behaviors and pain in susceptible mice, while knockdown of mGluR5 exacerbates these symptoms. Additionally, mGluR5-mediated eCB production in the NAc relieves stress-induced depressive-like behaviors and pain.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Kundian Guo, Xu Liu, Xue Gong, Aiqing Li, Yue Liu, Xingjie Li, Dong Zhou, Zhen Hong
Summary: This study described a case series of autoimmune encephalitis patients with mGluR5 antibodies from China. The clinical phenotype of anti-mGluR5 encephalitis in Chinese patients is similar, with behavioral/personality changes and cognitive disorders being the main manifestations. Most patients showed good responses to immunotherapy and had favorable clinical outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ronen Eavri, Jason Shepherd, Christina A. Welsh, Genevieve H. Flanders, Mark F. Bear, Elly Nedivi
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Cell Biology
Antonis Asiminas, Adam D. Jackson, Susana R. Louros, Sally M. Till, Teresa Spano, Owen Dando, Mark F. Bear, Sumantra Chattarji, Giles E. Hardingham, Emily K. Osterweil, David J. A. Wyllie, Emma R. Wood, Peter C. Kind
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Ming-fai Fong, Peter S. B. Finnie, Taekeun Kim, Aurore Thomazeau, Eitan S. Kaplan, Samuel F. Cooke, Mark F. Bear
Article
Neurosciences
Taekeun Kim, Francesca A. Chaloner, Sam F. Cooke, Mark T. Harnett, Mark F. Bear
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Patrick K. McCamphill, Laura J. Stoppel, Rebecca K. Senter, Michael C. Lewis, Arnold J. Heynen, David C. Stoppel, Vinay Sridhar, Katie A. Collins, Xi Shi, Jen Q. Pan, Jon Madison, Jeffrey R. Cottrell, Kimberly M. Huber, Edward M. Scolnick, Edward B. Holson, Florence F. Wagner, Mark F. Bear
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aurore Thomazeau, Miquel Bosch, Sofia Essayan-Perez, Stephanie A. Barnes, Hector De Jesus-Cortes, Mark F. Bear
Summary: The study found that in Fmr1(-/y) mice, NMDAR activation-induced spine plasticity is no longer dependent on acute mTORC1 activation or new protein synthesis, in contrast to wild-type mice. This suggests that the regulation of protein synthesis is absent in FX, impacting functional and structural plasticity induced by different glutamate receptors.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Or A. Shemesh, Changyang Linghu, Kiryl D. Piatkevich, Daniel Goodwin, Orhan Tunc Celiker, Howard J. Gritton, Michael F. Romano, Ruixuan Gao, Chih-Chieh (Jay) Yu, Hua-An Tseng, Seth Bensussen, Sujatha Narayan, Chao-Tsung Yang, Limor Freifeld, Cody A. Siciliano, Ishan Gupta, Joyce Wang, Nikita Pak, Young-Gyu Yoon, Jeremy F. P. Ullmann, Burcu Guner-Ataman, Habiba Noamany, Zoe R. Sheinkopf, Won Min Park, Shoh Asano, Amy E. Keating, James S. Trimmer, Jacob Reimer, Andreas S. Tolias, Mark F. Bear, Kay M. Tye, Xue Han, Misha B. Ahrens, Edward S. Boyden
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Changyang Linghu, Shannon L. Johnson, Pablo A. Valdes, Or A. Shemesh, Won Min Park, Demian Park, Kiryl D. Piatkevich, Asmamaw T. Wassie, Yixi Liu, Bobae An, Stephanie A. Barnes, Orhan T. Celiker, Chun-Chen Yao, Chih-Chieh (jay) Yu, Ru Wang, Katarzyna P. Adamala, Mark F. Bear, Amy E. Keating, Edward S. Boyden
Article
Neurosciences
Madeleine Kyrke-Smith, Lenora J. Volk, Samuel F. Cooke, Mark F. Bear, Richard L. Huganir, Jason D. Shepherd
Summary: Research shows that mice lacking the Arc gene do not exhibit deficits in hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), indicating that Arc is not necessary for LTP in the hippocampus.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peter S. B. Finnie, Robert W. Komorowski, Mark F. Bear
Summary: The hippocampus plays a crucial role in specific experience-dependent plasticity processes in the primary visual cortex of mice, but low-level recognition memory can be formed independently of the hippocampus. The hippocampus is crucial for encoding temporally structured experiences.
Article
Neurosciences
Dustin J. Hayden, Daniel P. Montgomery, Samuel F. Cooke, Mark F. Bear
Summary: Learning to recognize and filter sensory stimuli can reduce the computational burden on the cerebral cortex. In the visual cortex, LFP oscillatory activity changes as mice learn to recognize a specific stimulus, possibly related to the activity of inhibitory neurons.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Ming-fai Fong, Kevin R. Duffy, Madison P. Leet, Christian T. Candler, Mark F. Bear
Summary: Research has shown that temporary inactivation of the non-deprived eye is sufficient to promote full recovery from amblyopia in older patients, indicating that eye connections have plasticity beyond the critical period.
Article
Neurosciences
Kevin R. Duffy, Nathan A. Crowder, Arnold J. Heynen, Mark F. Bear
Summary: During a critical period after birth, monocular deprivation (MD) reduces the size of neurons in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) connected to the deprived eye and shifts cortical ocular dominance in favor of the non-deprived eye. Temporary inactivation of the non-deprived eye, known as monocular inactivation (MI), can promote better recovery from long-term MD effects compared to conventional occlusion therapy. MI has a significant impact on neuron size in the dLGN, especially when applied during the peak of the critical period. Unlike MD, MI induces structural plasticity in both the binocular and monocular segments of the dLGN. The effectiveness of MI decreases with age but still produces significant effects even beyond the critical period, showing double the magnitude and efficacy compared to MD. The effects of MI can be fully remedied with a short period of binocular experience, leading to full recovery of vision in the previously inactivated eye. These findings highlight the potential of MI to modify the visual pathway and its ability to ameliorate visual system disorders like amblyopia.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Dustin J. Hayden, Peter S. B. Finnie, Aurore Thomazeau, Alyssa Y. Li, Samuel F. Cooke, Mark F. Bear
Summary: The study investigates the stimulus-selective response plasticity (SRP) in the mouse primary visual cortex and reveals the involvement of NMDA receptors and glutamatergic principal neurons in the expression of SRP. The results show the disruption of SRP when NMDA receptors are deleted in layer 6 principal neurons and suggest the modulation of neuronal activity in different layers of the visual cortex in response to familiar stimuli.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Young Lee, Na-Eun Han, Wonju Kim, Jae Gon Kim, In Bum Lee, Su Jeong Choi, Heejung Chun, Misun Seo, C. Justin Lee, Hae-Young Koh, Joung-Hun Kim, Ja-Hyun Baik, Mark F. Bear, Se-Young Choi, Bong-June Yoon
MOLECULES AND CELLS
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaomei Lin, Tianyuyi Feng, Erheng Cui, Yunfei Li, Zhang Qin, Xiaohu Zhao
Summary: This study successfully established a rat model based on the genetic-environmental interaction, which exhibited phenotype characteristics similar to human AD in terms of cognitive function, brain microstructure, and immunohistochemistry. The genetic factor (APP mutation) and the environmental factor (acrolein exposure) accounted for 39.74% and 33.3% of the AD-like phenotypes in the model, respectively.
Article
Neurosciences
Gustavo Guimara Guerrero, Giovanna Bignoto Minhoto, Camilla dos Santos Tiburcio-Machado, Itza Amarisis Ribeiro Pinto, Claudio Antonio Federico, Marcia Carneiro Valera
Summary: The present study evaluated the influence of head and neck radiotherapy on the behavior and body weight gain in Wistar rats. The results demonstrated that different doses of radiation induced depressive behavior in the animals, and that the weight gain tended to be lower in the irradiated groups.
Article
Neurosciences
Ziwei Gao, Chao Lu, Yaping Zhu, Yuxin Liu, Yuesong Lin, Wenming Gao, Liyuan Tian, Lei Wu
Summary: This study reveals the underlying mechanisms of the rapid antidepressant effects of merazin hydrate (MH), which activates CaMKII to promote neuronal activities and proliferation in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Kathleen E. Murray, Whitney A. Ratliff, Vedad Delic, Bruce A. Citron
Summary: Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic disorder that affects approximately 30% of Veterans deployed to the Persian Gulf. This study found that exposure to toxicants during the Gulf War resulted in long-term changes in the morphology of dentate granule cells and that treatment with Nrf2 activator could improve neuronal health in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yan Zou, Xiangchuang Kong, Yangming Leng, Fan Yang, Guofeng Zhou, Bo Liu, Wenliang Fan
Summary: This study examines the functional connectivity changes in individuals with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) at the integrity, network, and edge levels. The findings reveal reduced intranetwork connectivity strength and increased internetwork connectivity in SSNHL patients. These alterations are associated with the duration of SSNHL and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores. The study provides crucial insights into the neural mechanisms of SSNHL and the brain's network-level responses to sensory loss.
Review
Neurosciences
Didier Majou, Anne-Lise Dermenghem
Summary: In the early stages of SAD, memory impairment is strongly correlated with cortical levels of soluble amyloid-beta peptide oligomers. A beta disrupts glutamatergic synaptic function and leads to cognitive deficits. This article describes the pathogenic mechanisms underlying cerebral amyloidosis, involving amyloid precursor protein synthesis, A beta residue clearance processes, and the role of specific molecules.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yi Shan, Xiaojing Zhao, Guixiang Shan, Peng-Hu Wei, Lin Liu, Changming Wang, Hang Wu, Weiqun Song, Yi Tang, Guo-Guang Zhao, Jie Lu
Summary: This study investigates changes in brain anatomical structures and functional network connectivity after chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury (cctSCI) and their impact on clinical outcomes. The findings reveal alterations in gray matter volume and functional connectivity in specific brain regions, indicating potential therapeutic targets and methods for tracking treatment outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Anllely Fernandez, Katherine Corvalan, Octavia Santis, Maxs Mendez-Ruette, Ariel Caviedes, Matias Pizarro, Maria -Teresa Gomez, Luis Federico Batiz, Peter Landgraf, Thilo Kahne, Alejandro Rojas-Fernandez, Ursula Wyneken
Summary: This study reveals the importance of SUMOylation in modulating the protein cargo of astrocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and its potential impact on neurons.
Article
Neurosciences
Anika Luettig, Stefanie Perl, Maria Zetsche, Franziska Richter, Denise Franz, Marco Heerdegen, Ruediger Koehling, Angelika Richter
Summary: This study found that changes in c-Fos activity during short-term stimulation of the entopeduncular nucleus (EPN) are associated with improvement in dystonia, and also discovered that the cerebellum may be involved in the antidystonic effects.
Article
Neurosciences
Yanlin Tao, Wei Shen, Houyuan Zhou, Zikang Li, Ting Pi, Hui Wu, Hailian Shi, Fei Huang, Xiaojun Wu
Summary: Depression has a higher incidence in women compared to men, and this study investigated the impact of sex on depressive behaviors and underlying mechanisms using a corticosterone-induced depression model in mice. The results showed sex-specific anxiety and depression behaviors in the model group, as well as differences in protein expression and neurotransmitter levels between male and female mice. These findings enhance our understanding of sex-specific differences in depression and support tailored interventions.
Review
Neurosciences
Dnyandev G. Gadhave, Vrashabh V. Sugandhi, Chandrakant R. Kokare
Summary: This article discusses the characteristics and importance of the tight junctions of endothelial cells in the CNS, which act as a biological barrier known as the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It focuses on overcoming the challenges of delivering therapeutic agents to the brain in neurodegenerative disorders, particularly multiple sclerosis, through the use of biomaterials. The article also highlights the current limitations of animal models for studying multiple sclerosis and suggests a potential future research direction.
Article
Neurosciences
Li-Min Mao, Khyathi Thallapureddy, John Q. Wang
Summary: Propofol can enhance synapsin phosphorylation and modulate synaptic transmission in the mouse brain. The study reveals the potential role of synapsin as a substrate of propofol and its effects on neurotransmitter release machinery.
Article
Neurosciences
Syed Maaz Ahmed Rizvi, Abdul Baseer Buriro, Irfan Ahmed, Abdul Aziz Memon
Summary: This study explores the effects of prolonged mask usage on the human brain by analyzing EEG and physiological parameters. The results show that the mean EEG spectral power in alpha, beta, and gamma sub-bands of individuals wearing masks is smaller than those without masks. The performances on cognitive tasks and oxygen saturation level differ between the two groups, while blood pressure, body temperature, and heart rate are similar. The analysis also reveals that the occipital and frontal lobes exhibit the greatest variability in channel measurements.
Article
Neurosciences
Rui-Fang Ma, Lu-Lu Xue, Jin-Xiang Liu, Li Chen, Liu-Lin Xiong, Ting-Hua Wang, Fei Liu
Summary: This study observed changes in brain infarction and blood vessels in rats during neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) modeling using Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography (TCD). Longer duration of hypoxia was associated with more severe nerve damage. TCD can dynamically monitor cerebral infarction after NHIE modeling, which may serve as a useful auxiliary method for evaluating animal experimental models.
Article
Neurosciences
Yuxiang Dai, Chen Yu, Lu Zhou, Longyang Cheng, Hongbin Ni, Weibang Liang
Summary: Overexpression of CXCR4 in glioma is correlated with patient survival, and its inhibition can reduce invasion and migration of glioma cells. Inhibiting Nur77 also decreases cancer progression associated with CXCR4.
