Article
Biology
Zhenni Wang, Shihao Lou, Xiao Ma, Hui Guo, Yan Liu, Wenjing Chen, Dating Lin, Yupeng Yang
Summary: This study found that the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) plays a crucial role in both the training and maintenance processes of visual perceptual learning (VPL). By recording the calcium activity of mPFC pyramidal neurons, distinct ON and OFF neural ensembles were identified, which may encode different cognitive information. Additionally, the mPFC was found to recruit more reward-related components during VPL.
Article
Neurosciences
Elena Lopez-Terrones, Pau Celada, Maurizio S. Riga, Francesc Artigas
Summary: The infralimbic (IL) cortex plays a key role in the pathophysiology and treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) by modulating the interaction between glutamate and serotonin. 5-HT exerts a remarkable inhibitory action on pyramidal neurons in IL, suggesting that drugs enhancing 5-HT may exert antidepressant effects by normalizing glutamatergic hyperactivity in the vACC of MDD patients.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yan-xin Che, Xiao-yan Jin, Rong-hua Xiao, Ming Zhang, Xiao-hui Ma, Fei Guo, Yang Li
Summary: In this study, the antidepressant effects of a candidate antidepressant M2 were investigated through experiments involving brain slice recordings and protein expression analysis. The results showed that M2 produced rapid antidepressant effects in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) by enhancing neurotransmission through dopamine D2 receptor-mediated mechanisms.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiao-Qin Zhang, Le Xu, Si-Yu Yang, Lin-Bo Hu, Fei-Yuan Dong, Bing-Gui Sun, Hao-Wei Shen
Summary: The study investigated neurophysiological alterations in two subtypes of pyramidal neurons in hAPP-J20 mice, revealing reduced synaptic transmission and intrinsic excitability in the prominent h-current (PH) cells compared to non-PH cells. Disruption of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels was also observed in PH cells, indicating a potential mechanism for the reduced neuronal activity. Additionally, PH cells exhibited lower dendritic complexity in hAPP-J20 mice, suggesting a contribution to neuronal dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alfredo Bellon, Vincent Feuillet, Alonso Cortez-Resendiz, Faycal Mouaffak, Lan Kong, L. Elliot Hong, Lilian De Godoy, Therese M. Jay, Anne Hosmalin, Marie-Odile Krebs
Summary: This study used Monocyte-Derived-Neuronal-like Cells (MDNCs) to investigate the dopamine pruning effects in the neuronal development of schizophrenia (SCZ) patients. The results showed that SCZ patients' cells differentiated more efficiently, extended longer neurites, but had less primary neurites. Additionally, medication in patients influenced the pruning effects under dopamine exposure.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Paul G. Anastasiades, Adam G. Carter
Summary: This review focuses on the cellular diversity of rodent mPFC, the impact of long-range inputs, and the specificity of local microcircuits, as well as similarities with and differences from other cortical areas, illustrating how the circuit organization of mPFC may contribute to its unique functional roles.
TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
R. A. Stark, B. Brinkman, R. L. Gibb, A. N. Iwaniuk, S. M. Pellis
Summary: This study found that rats without play or with limited access to play during the juvenile period exhibit more branching of pyramidal neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), suggesting that play is important for pruning these neurons. However, previous rearing paradigms that limit play may cause stress that disrupts pruning. In this study, playful rats were paired with low playing rats throughout the juvenile period to minimize stress. The results showed that rats reared with another playful rat had greater pruning of mPFC pyramidal neurons compared to rats reared with a low playing rat. Additionally, the study found that play influences neuronal pruning in both sexes.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nasreen Choudhury, Lihua Chen, Lena Al-Harthi, Xiu-Ti Hu
Summary: The functional activity of medial prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons in early-stage Alzheimer's disease mice was found to be significantly increased compared to age-matched control mice. This hyperactivity was induced by an abnormal increase in presynaptic glutamate release and postsynaptic NMDA receptor activity, leading to neuronal Ca2+ dyshomeostasis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Ellen P. Woon, Laura M. Butkovich, Arianna A. Peluso, Aziz Elbasheir, Kian Taylor, Shannon L. Gourley
Summary: We have discovered a connection between the ventral hippocampus and the medial orbitofrontal cortex that plays an important role in the updating of value memories, and this connection is mediated by the neuroplasticity-associated neurotrophin receptor TrkB.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stefano Delli Pizzi, Raffaella Franciotti, Piero Chiacchiaretta, Antonio Ferretti, Richard A. Edden, Carlo Sestieri, Mirella Russo, Stefano L. Sensi, Marco Onofrj
Summary: This study aims to investigate the neural mechanisms of somatic symptom disorder (SSD) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. The results showed that patients with SSD exhibited higher gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels and connectivity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), indicating both shared and individual effects of PD and SSD on mPFC neurotransmission and connectivity patterns.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaocen Fan, Jiachen Song, Chaonan Ma, Yanbo Lv, Feifei Wang, Lan Ma, Xing Liu
Summary: This study found that increased norepinephrine release from the locus coeruleus to the medial prefrontal cortex during contextual fear conditioning is crucial for memory tagging and remote memory storage. It is regulated by the ventrolateral periaqueductal grey and can be promoted by activating beta1-adrenergic receptor signaling in juvenile mice.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jee Hyun Yi, Seo Yeon Choe, Min Whan Jung
Summary: By comparing the intrinsic physiological properties and commissural excitatory/inhibitory influences on different types of cortical projection neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex, it was found that these factors vary across the types of projection neurons. These results reveal potential differences in how different projection neurons process incoming cortical inputs.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Guanlong Guo, Jiaxin Tang, Mengwen Shi, Chengmei Yang, Huaxing Ou, Weihai Chen
Summary: The study revealed that the 5-HT2C receptor agonist MK212 can reverse PPI deficits by influencing the medial prefrontal cortex and ventral hippocampus, while the 5-HT2C receptor antagonist SB242084 is ineffective. This suggests a critical role of these two brain regions in the reversal of PPI deficits.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jim Berg, Staci A. Sorensen, Jonathan T. Ting, Jeremy A. Miller, Thomas Chartrand, Anatoly Buchin, Trygve E. Bakken, Agata Budzillo, Nick Dee, Song-Lin Ding, Nathan W. Gouwens, Rebecca D. Hodge, Brian Kalmbach, Changkyu Lee, Brian R. Lee, Lauren Alfiler, Katherine Baker, Eliza Barkan, Allison Beller, Kyla Berry, Darren Bertagnolli, Kris Bickley, Jasmine Bomben, Thomas Braun, Krissy Brouner, Tamara Casper, Peter Chong, Kirsten Crichton, Rachel Dalley, Rebecca de Frates, Tsega Desta, Samuel Dingman Lee, Florence D'Orazi, Nadezhda Dotson, Tom Egdorf, Rachel Enstrom, Colin Farrell, David Feng, Olivia Fong, Szabina Furdan, Anna A. Galakhova, Clare Gamlin, Amanda Gary, Alexandra Glandon, Jeff Goldy, Melissa Gorham, Natalia A. Goriounova, Sergey Gratiy, Lucas Graybuck, Hong Gu, Kristen Hadley, Nathan Hansen, Tim S. Heistek, Alex M. Henry, Djai B. Heyer, DiJon Hill, Chris Hill, Madie Hupp, Tim Jarsky, Sara Kebede, Lisa Keene, Lisa Kim, Mean-Hwan Kim, Matthew Kroll, Caitlin Latimer, Boaz P. Levi, Katherine E. Link, Matthew Mallory, Rusty Mann, Desiree Marshall, Michelle Maxwell, Medea McGraw, Delissa McMillen, Erica Melief, Eline J. Mertens, Leona Mezei, Norbert Mihut, Stephanie Mok, Gabor Molnar, Alice Mukora, Lindsay Ng, Kiet Ngo, Philip R. Nicovich, Julie Nyhus, Gaspar Olah, Aaron Oldre, Victoria Omstead, Attila Ozsvar, Daniel Park, Hanchuan Peng, Trangthanh Pham, Christina A. Pom, Lydia Potekhina, Ramkumar Rajanbabu, Shea Ransford, David Reid, Christine Rimorin, Augustin Ruiz, David Sandman, Josef Sulc, Susan M. Sunkin, Aaron Szafer, Viktor Szemenyei, Elliot R. Thomsen, Michael Tieu, Amy Torkelson, Jessica Trinh, Herman Tung, Wayne Wakeman, Femke Waleboer, Katelyn Ward, Rene Wilbers, Grace Williams, Zizhen Yao, Jae-Geun Yoon, Costas Anastassiou, Anton Arkhipov, Pal Barzo, Amy Bernard, Charles Cobbs, Philip C. de Witt Hamer, Richard G. Ellenbogen, Luke Esposito, Manuel Ferreira, Ryder P. Gwinn, Michael J. Hawrylycz, Patrick R. Hof, Sander Idema, Allan R. Jones, C. Dirk Keene, Andrew L. Ko, Gabe J. Murphy, Lydia Ng, Jeffrey G. Ojemann, Anoop P. Patel, John W. Phillips, Daniel L. Silbergeld, Kimberly Smith, Bosiljka Tasic, Rafael Yuste, Idan Segev, Christiaan P. J. de Kock, Huibert D. Mansvelder, Gabor Tamas, Hongkui Zeng, Christof Koch, Ed S. Lein
Summary: By studying neurosurgically resected human tissues, researchers have identified diverse glutamatergic neuron types in the neocortex and demonstrated strong correlations between morphological, physiological, and transcriptomic phenotypes. The results provide insight into the increased complexity of cortical function in humans and suggest certain transcriptomic neuron types are selectively vulnerable in diseases like Alzheimer's.
Article
Biology
Joshua B. Burt, Katrin H. Preller, Murat Demirtas, Jie Lisa Ji, John H. Krystal, Franz X. Vollenweider, Alan Anticevic, John D. Murray
Summary: Psychoactive drugs like LSD can temporarily disrupt brain physiology while preserving brain structure. Research has shown that the neural and experiential effects of LSD are due to its agonism of the serotonin-2A receptor. By integrating brainwide transcriptomics with circuit modeling, this study simulated the effects of LSD on human cortical dynamics and found that serotonin-2A-mediated modulation of pyramidal-neuronal gain is a key mechanism through which LSD alters cortical functional topography. This work establishes a framework for linking molecular-level manipulations to systems-level functional alterations.
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaomei Lin, Tianyuyi Feng, Erheng Cui, Yunfei Li, Zhang Qin, Xiaohu Zhao
Summary: This study successfully established a rat model based on the genetic-environmental interaction, which exhibited phenotype characteristics similar to human AD in terms of cognitive function, brain microstructure, and immunohistochemistry. The genetic factor (APP mutation) and the environmental factor (acrolein exposure) accounted for 39.74% and 33.3% of the AD-like phenotypes in the model, respectively.
Article
Neurosciences
Gustavo Guimara Guerrero, Giovanna Bignoto Minhoto, Camilla dos Santos Tiburcio-Machado, Itza Amarisis Ribeiro Pinto, Claudio Antonio Federico, Marcia Carneiro Valera
Summary: The present study evaluated the influence of head and neck radiotherapy on the behavior and body weight gain in Wistar rats. The results demonstrated that different doses of radiation induced depressive behavior in the animals, and that the weight gain tended to be lower in the irradiated groups.
Article
Neurosciences
Ziwei Gao, Chao Lu, Yaping Zhu, Yuxin Liu, Yuesong Lin, Wenming Gao, Liyuan Tian, Lei Wu
Summary: This study reveals the underlying mechanisms of the rapid antidepressant effects of merazin hydrate (MH), which activates CaMKII to promote neuronal activities and proliferation in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Kathleen E. Murray, Whitney A. Ratliff, Vedad Delic, Bruce A. Citron
Summary: Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic disorder that affects approximately 30% of Veterans deployed to the Persian Gulf. This study found that exposure to toxicants during the Gulf War resulted in long-term changes in the morphology of dentate granule cells and that treatment with Nrf2 activator could improve neuronal health in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yan Zou, Xiangchuang Kong, Yangming Leng, Fan Yang, Guofeng Zhou, Bo Liu, Wenliang Fan
Summary: This study examines the functional connectivity changes in individuals with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) at the integrity, network, and edge levels. The findings reveal reduced intranetwork connectivity strength and increased internetwork connectivity in SSNHL patients. These alterations are associated with the duration of SSNHL and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores. The study provides crucial insights into the neural mechanisms of SSNHL and the brain's network-level responses to sensory loss.
Review
Neurosciences
Didier Majou, Anne-Lise Dermenghem
Summary: In the early stages of SAD, memory impairment is strongly correlated with cortical levels of soluble amyloid-beta peptide oligomers. A beta disrupts glutamatergic synaptic function and leads to cognitive deficits. This article describes the pathogenic mechanisms underlying cerebral amyloidosis, involving amyloid precursor protein synthesis, A beta residue clearance processes, and the role of specific molecules.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yi Shan, Xiaojing Zhao, Guixiang Shan, Peng-Hu Wei, Lin Liu, Changming Wang, Hang Wu, Weiqun Song, Yi Tang, Guo-Guang Zhao, Jie Lu
Summary: This study investigates changes in brain anatomical structures and functional network connectivity after chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury (cctSCI) and their impact on clinical outcomes. The findings reveal alterations in gray matter volume and functional connectivity in specific brain regions, indicating potential therapeutic targets and methods for tracking treatment outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Anllely Fernandez, Katherine Corvalan, Octavia Santis, Maxs Mendez-Ruette, Ariel Caviedes, Matias Pizarro, Maria -Teresa Gomez, Luis Federico Batiz, Peter Landgraf, Thilo Kahne, Alejandro Rojas-Fernandez, Ursula Wyneken
Summary: This study reveals the importance of SUMOylation in modulating the protein cargo of astrocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and its potential impact on neurons.
Article
Neurosciences
Anika Luettig, Stefanie Perl, Maria Zetsche, Franziska Richter, Denise Franz, Marco Heerdegen, Ruediger Koehling, Angelika Richter
Summary: This study found that changes in c-Fos activity during short-term stimulation of the entopeduncular nucleus (EPN) are associated with improvement in dystonia, and also discovered that the cerebellum may be involved in the antidystonic effects.
Article
Neurosciences
Yanlin Tao, Wei Shen, Houyuan Zhou, Zikang Li, Ting Pi, Hui Wu, Hailian Shi, Fei Huang, Xiaojun Wu
Summary: Depression has a higher incidence in women compared to men, and this study investigated the impact of sex on depressive behaviors and underlying mechanisms using a corticosterone-induced depression model in mice. The results showed sex-specific anxiety and depression behaviors in the model group, as well as differences in protein expression and neurotransmitter levels between male and female mice. These findings enhance our understanding of sex-specific differences in depression and support tailored interventions.
Review
Neurosciences
Dnyandev G. Gadhave, Vrashabh V. Sugandhi, Chandrakant R. Kokare
Summary: This article discusses the characteristics and importance of the tight junctions of endothelial cells in the CNS, which act as a biological barrier known as the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It focuses on overcoming the challenges of delivering therapeutic agents to the brain in neurodegenerative disorders, particularly multiple sclerosis, through the use of biomaterials. The article also highlights the current limitations of animal models for studying multiple sclerosis and suggests a potential future research direction.
Article
Neurosciences
Li-Min Mao, Khyathi Thallapureddy, John Q. Wang
Summary: Propofol can enhance synapsin phosphorylation and modulate synaptic transmission in the mouse brain. The study reveals the potential role of synapsin as a substrate of propofol and its effects on neurotransmitter release machinery.
Article
Neurosciences
Syed Maaz Ahmed Rizvi, Abdul Baseer Buriro, Irfan Ahmed, Abdul Aziz Memon
Summary: This study explores the effects of prolonged mask usage on the human brain by analyzing EEG and physiological parameters. The results show that the mean EEG spectral power in alpha, beta, and gamma sub-bands of individuals wearing masks is smaller than those without masks. The performances on cognitive tasks and oxygen saturation level differ between the two groups, while blood pressure, body temperature, and heart rate are similar. The analysis also reveals that the occipital and frontal lobes exhibit the greatest variability in channel measurements.
Article
Neurosciences
Rui-Fang Ma, Lu-Lu Xue, Jin-Xiang Liu, Li Chen, Liu-Lin Xiong, Ting-Hua Wang, Fei Liu
Summary: This study observed changes in brain infarction and blood vessels in rats during neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) modeling using Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography (TCD). Longer duration of hypoxia was associated with more severe nerve damage. TCD can dynamically monitor cerebral infarction after NHIE modeling, which may serve as a useful auxiliary method for evaluating animal experimental models.
Article
Neurosciences
Yuxiang Dai, Chen Yu, Lu Zhou, Longyang Cheng, Hongbin Ni, Weibang Liang
Summary: Overexpression of CXCR4 in glioma is correlated with patient survival, and its inhibition can reduce invasion and migration of glioma cells. Inhibiting Nur77 also decreases cancer progression associated with CXCR4.