Article
Neurosciences
Sonia Sabate-Soler, Sarah Louise Nickels, Claudia Saraiva, Emanuel Berger, Ugne Dubonyte, Kyriaki Barmpa, Yan Jun Lan, Tsukasa Kouno, Javier Jarazo, Graham Robertson, Jafar Sharif, Haruhiko Koseki, Christian Thome, Jay W. Shin, Sally A. Cowley, Jens C. Schwamborn
Summary: The absence of microglia in current midbrain organoid systems limits the study of neuronal networks and neuroinflammation-related diseases. This study successfully derived microglia from human iPSCs and integrated them into midbrain organoids, shedding light on the role of microglia in influencing other cells in the organoids.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Feng Zhou, Zhenzhi Wang, Kang Xiong, Meiling Zhang, Yuan Wang, Maode Wang
Summary: Subarachnoid hemorrhage can lead to a series of pathological reactions, and traditional Chinese medicine like Alantolactone can be effective in treating brain damage.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wen-Shin Song, Tai-Ho Hung, Shing-Hwa Liu, Yin-Ting Zheng, Hsin-Mei Lin, Feng-Yi Yang
Summary: Systemic inflammation is linked to intestinal inflammation and neuroinflammation through the gut-brain axis. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. This study demonstrates that abdominal LIPUS stimulation attenuates LPS-induced colonic inflammation and neuroinflammation, offering new insights into the treatment of neuroinflammation-related brain disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Feng Zhou, Zhenzhi Wang, Kang Xiong, Meiling Zhang, Yuan Wang, Maode Wang
Summary: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a common disease that can cause pathological, physiological, and biological reactions. Traditional Chinese medicine, like Alantolactone (ATL), has been found to have anti-inflammatory effects. This study observed the effects of ATL treatment on SAH, and found that it attenuated neurologic deficits, inhibited neuronal apoptosis and inflammation, promoted M2 polarization of microglia, and activated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
Article
Neurosciences
Daiane F. Engel, Licio A. Velloso
Summary: In experimental models, hypothalamic dysfunction is a crucial component in the pathophysiology of diet-induced obesity. Structural and functional changes in neurons, microglia, astrocytes, and tanycytes of the mediobasal hypothalamus, shortly after the introduction of a high-fat diet, impact caloric intake, energy expenditure, and systemic glucose tolerance. Inflammation plays a central role in this response, and there is a temporal sequence of events determining the fate of different cells involved in the central regulation of whole-body energy homeostasis.
Article
Immunology
Clarissa Catale, Elisa Bisicchia, Valeria Carola, Maria Teresa Viscomi
Summary: The study found that early life stress permanently alters microglial responses, leading to exaggerated inflammation and worse functional recovery. Treatment with GW2580 during early life stress exposure can reduce inflammation and cell death, improving functional recovery.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Nicholas Hanuscheck, Carine Thalman, Micaela Domingues, Samantha Schmaul, Muthuraman Muthuraman, Florian Hetsch, Manuela Ecker, Heiko Endle, Mohammadsaleh Oshaghi, Gianvito Martino, Tanja Kuhlmann, Katarzyna Bozek, Tim van Beers, Stefan Bittner, Jakob von Engelhardt, Johannes Vogt, Christina Francisca Vogelaar, Frauke Zipp
Summary: Evidence suggests that immune responses are not only involved in diseases in the central nervous system (CNS), but also play a crucial role in maintaining healthy synaptic function. The IL-4/IL-4R alpha signaling pathway was found to be important in synaptic processes, with IL-4R alpha expressed presynaptically and regulating synaptic transmission. Deficiency of IL-4R alpha led to altered synaptic function and increased network activity in vivo.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xianli Shen, Yiguo Qiu, Andrew E. Wight, Hye-Jung Kim, Harvey Cantor
Summary: Expression of CD11c and OPN marks a stable microglial subset in the brain, independent of environmental activation stimuli. OPN is required for subset stability and the execution of phagocytic and proinflammatory responses.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Calina Betlazar, Ryan J. Middleton, Nicholas Howell, Ben Storer, Emma Davis, Justin Davies, Richard Banati, Guo-Jun Liu
Summary: The study found that both low and high doses of ionizing radiation reduced TSPO expression in the brain's vascular compartment without inducing TSPO expression in parenchymal microglia.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ji Sun Ha, Hye-Rim Choi, In Sik Kim, Eun-A Kim, Sung-Woo Cho, Seung-Ju Yang
Summary: S100A8 induces neuronal apoptosis and neuroinflammation under hypoxia, activating microglial pro-inflammatory cytokine release. It may serve as a potential therapeutic target for neurological disorders involving microglial inflammation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Jang-Hyuk Yun, Da-Hye Lee, Han-Seok Jeong, Hye Sun Kim, Sang-Kyu Ye, Chung-Hyun Cho
Summary: Research found that microglia activation is associated with neuronal lesions in diabetes, with STAT3 activation playing a crucial role in neuronal apoptosis in the diabetic hippocampus.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julie Somkhit, Constantin Yanicostas, Nadia Soussi-Yanicostas
Summary: Organophosphate compounds cause toxic poisoning and neuroinflammation, and microglia play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of OP intoxication. A study using zebrafish larvae as a model revealed that acute exposure to diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) induced microglial phenotypic remodelling and massive neuroinflammation. Depletion of microglia reduced OP-induced neuronal hyperactivation, suggesting that microglia could be a therapeutic target for OP poisoning.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Zoe Schmal, Ben Hammer, Andreas Mueller, Claudia E. Ruebe
Summary: Despite advances in hippocampus-sparing radiation therapy, radiation-induced injury to the neural stem cell compartment may impact neurocognitive functions. Low doses of ionizing radiation induced inflammatory responses in the hippocampus, with activated microglia and reactive astrocytes, suggesting a shift from neurogenesis to gliogenesis. These findings emphasize the importance of limiting radiation dose to preserve neurocognitive functions, particularly in the juvenile hippocampus.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Aymeric Silvin, Jiawen Qian, Florent Ginhoux
Summary: Brain macrophages, including microglia, border-associated macrophages, and monocyte-derived macrophages, show vast heterogeneity and can be defined according to their ontogeny and functional programs. They play critical roles during brain development, healthy aging, and contribute to neurodegenerative disorders, autoimmune diseases, and glioma. Recent discoveries are exploring the potential of brain macrophages as prognostic markers or therapeutic targets for brain diseases.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Liu Liu, Ping Zhang, Zhaosi Zhang, Yidan Liang, Hong Chen, Zhaohui He, Xiaochuan Sun, Zongduo Guo, Yongbing Deng
Summary: Inflammatory responses and neuronal apoptosis are important causes of early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage, and can be suppressed by inhibiting 5-LOX. Activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway can also counteract the pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic effects mediated by 5-LOX, suggesting a potential effective treatment approach for early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yin-hong Cheng, Yi-fan Jiang, Chuan Qin, Ke Shang, Yuan Yuan, Xian-jie Wei, Zhe Xu, Xiang Luo, Wei Wang, Wen-sheng Qu
Summary: Galectin-1 has been shown to improve circulation and vascular remodeling in the ischemic cortex, promoting recovery in mice after cerebral ischemic insults.
TRANSLATIONAL STROKE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neuroimaging
Dan He, Yinping Guo, Yi Zhang, Jing Zhao, Lingshan Wu, Zhiyuan Yu, Wensheng Qu, Xiang Luo
Summary: This study found that ADP% is an independent predictor of hemorrhagic events in patients with acute ischemic stroke after DAPT, with an optimal cut-off point of 83.3%. A logistic model based on D-dimer, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores, and ADP% showed a good predictive value for hemorrhagic events during DAPT, with a sensitivity of 72.1% and a specificity of 76.5%. Monitoring TEG parameters can help guide personalized DAPT for patients with ischemic stroke, with a recommended ADP% range of 30-82.3%.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINTERVENTIONAL SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Peng Chen, Rui Liu, Zhiyuan Yu, GuoHui Cui, Weifeng Zong, Minghuan Wang, Minjie Xie, Wensheng Qu, Wei Wang, Xiang Luo
Summary: Recent studies demonstrate that NPC-derived EVs play a crucial role in the brain tumor microenvironment by modulating the functions of microglia, resulting in alterations in the immune environment.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Peng Cao, Shan Hu, Wensheng Qu, Kangle Kong, Peng Han, Jiaqi Yue, Yu Deng, Xiangning Fu, Fan Li, Bo Zhao
Summary: The study found that patients receiving subxiphoid-subcostal thoracoscopic thymectomy had shorter drainage duration, shorter hospital stay, lower hospitalization expenses, and lower postoperative pain scores. Shorter symptom duration and Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) class I were favorable prognostic factors for complete stable remission in MG patients undergoing thymectomy.
INTERACTIVE CARDIOVASCULAR AND THORACIC SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Bo Chen, Dai-Shi Tian, Bi-Tao Bu
Summary: In Chinese patients, a combination of onset age and IgG index can serve as an alternative to differentiate between RRMS and NMOSD, showing slightly better sensitivity than the CSF-OCB model.
Article
Immunology
Ming-Hao Dong, Luo-Qi Zhou, Yue Tang, Man Chen, Jun Xiao, Ke Shang, Gang Deng, Chuan Qin, Dai-Shi Tian
Summary: The genetically predicted increase in CSF sTREM2 levels is causally associated with a higher risk of multiple sclerosis, while no causal relationship was found with other neurological disorders.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Bo Chen, Su-Qiong Ji, Fan Shen, Dai-Shi Tian, Bi-Tao Bu
Summary: In patients with relapsing-onset multiple sclerosis (MS), progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA) is the major contributor to irreversible disability accrual throughout the disease course, although relapse-associated worsening (RAW) also plays a role during the early stage. Clinical attack number partly mediates the relationship between disease duration and neurological disability in the early phase. Onset age and sex have varying correlations with the disabled outcome in different phases.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Wensheng Qu, Liding Zhang, Xiaohan Liang, Zhiyuan Yu, Hao Huang, Jing Zhao, Yinping Guo, Xirui Zhou, Shabei Xu, Haiming Luo, Xiang Luo
Summary: Due to the heterogeneity of amyloid beta-42 species, the potential correlation between plasma oligomeric amyloid beta-42 and cognitive impairments in cerebral small vessel disease remains unclear. This study developed a sensitive ELISA protocol for the specific detection of oligomeric amyloid beta-42 and total amyloid beta-42 in plasma samples from a Chinese CSVD community cohort. The findings suggest that these biomarkers can serve as biosensors for the presence of CSVD and associated cognitive impairments.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Chuan Qin, Yun-Hui Chu, Luo-Qi Zhou, Ming-Hao Dong, Wei Wang, Dai-Shi Tian
Summary: The autophagic-lysosomal pathway in microglia is crucial for removing myelin debris in white matter damage. However, the regulation of this pathway and maintaining lipid metabolism balance are still unclear. Excessive activation of autophagy causes lipid overload and accumulation in lysosomes and lipid droplets, leading to microglial dysfunction and secondary white matter damage. Suppression of autophagic activation in the acute phase of demyelination benefits microglia by restoring lipid metabolism balance and promoting myelin debris removal. Neuroprotective effects of microglial autophagy regulation may involve intracellular linoleic acid (LA) production and activation of the PPARG pathway.
Article
Neurosciences
Rui Liu, Ying Li, Ziyue Wang, Peng Chen, Yi Xie, Wensheng Qu, Minghuan Wang, Zhiyuan Yu, Xiang Luo
Summary: After spinal cord injury (SCI), immune cells and proinflammatory cytokines infiltrate the spinal cord and disrupt the microenvironment, hindering axon regeneration and functional recovery. Previous studies have shown that regulatory T cells (Tregs) can enter the central nervous system and suppress microglia during conditions like multiple sclerosis and stroke. However, the interaction between Tregs and microglia and their role in modulating the injured microenvironment after SCI remains unknown.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wensheng Qu, Kenneth M. Ralto, Tao Qin, Yinhong Cheng, Weifeng Zong, Xiang Luo, Miguel Perez-Pinzon, Samir M. Parikh, Cenk Ayata
Summary: NAD(+) precursor supplements have a neuroprotective effect when administered after ischemia onset, but continuous treatment for three days before ischemia exacerbates infarct enlargement and worsens neurological deficits. The difference may be due to the single dose of NAM or NR augmenting tissue AMPK, PGC1 alpha, SIRT1, and ATP, while the multiple-dose paradigm fails to do so.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Lingshan Wu, Qianqian Kong, Hao Huang, Shabei Xu, Wensheng Qu, Ping Zhang, Zhiyuan Yu, Xiang Luo
Summary: This study aimed to determine the effects of PCSK9i on intracranial plaques in individuals with ICAS. The study found that PCSK9i treatment resulted in smaller changes in intracranial atherosclerotic plaques compared to statin alone, and had a higher efficacy rate.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Zhao, Qianqian Kong, Xirui Zhou, Yi Zhang, Zhiyuan Yu, Wensheng Qu, Hao Huang, Xiang Luo
Summary: Recently, there has been increased interest in exploring the relationship between cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and sleep disturbance. This study aimed to investigate the gray matter alterations in CSVD patients with and without sleep disturbance. Voxel-based morphometry analysis revealed differences in gray matter volume between CSVD patients with good sleep and poor sleep, particularly in the caudate, thalamus, calcarine cortex, precentral gyrus, orbitofrontal cortex, cingulate gyrus, and sub-gyral temporal lobe. The findings suggest that structural brain alterations may be involved in sleep disturbance in CSVD patients.
Review
Neurosciences
Xinxin Xie, Yi Zhang, Qianqian Kong, Hao Huang, Zhiyuan Yu, Xiang Luo, Wensheng Qu
Summary: This review discusses headaches after ischemic stroke, including their epidemiology, clinical characteristics, risk factors, and impact. Previous studies have found correlations between headaches and structural lesions in different brain regions. However, the heterogeneity of ischemic stroke, subjective evaluations of headaches, and limited cohort studies make it challenging to explore the underlying pathophysiology. The recommendation is to utilize advanced imaging techniques and investigate shared signal transducers between headaches and ischemic stroke to gain new insights.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chuan Qin, Dai-Shi Tian, Luo-Qi Zhou, Ke Shang, Liang Huang, Ming-Hao Dong, Yun-Fan You, Jun Xiao, Ying Xiong, Wen Wang, Hao Pang, Jing-Jing Guo, Song-Bai Cai, Di Wang, Chun-Rui Li, Min Zhang, Bi-Tao Bu, Wei Wang
Summary: CAR T-cell therapy targeting BCMA shows manageable safety profile and therapeutic potentials for patients with relapsed/refractory AQP4-IgG seropositive NMOSD. Ongoing clinical trial results demonstrate positive outcomes in improving patients' disabilities and quality of life.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaomei Lin, Tianyuyi Feng, Erheng Cui, Yunfei Li, Zhang Qin, Xiaohu Zhao
Summary: This study successfully established a rat model based on the genetic-environmental interaction, which exhibited phenotype characteristics similar to human AD in terms of cognitive function, brain microstructure, and immunohistochemistry. The genetic factor (APP mutation) and the environmental factor (acrolein exposure) accounted for 39.74% and 33.3% of the AD-like phenotypes in the model, respectively.
Article
Neurosciences
Gustavo Guimara Guerrero, Giovanna Bignoto Minhoto, Camilla dos Santos Tiburcio-Machado, Itza Amarisis Ribeiro Pinto, Claudio Antonio Federico, Marcia Carneiro Valera
Summary: The present study evaluated the influence of head and neck radiotherapy on the behavior and body weight gain in Wistar rats. The results demonstrated that different doses of radiation induced depressive behavior in the animals, and that the weight gain tended to be lower in the irradiated groups.
Article
Neurosciences
Ziwei Gao, Chao Lu, Yaping Zhu, Yuxin Liu, Yuesong Lin, Wenming Gao, Liyuan Tian, Lei Wu
Summary: This study reveals the underlying mechanisms of the rapid antidepressant effects of merazin hydrate (MH), which activates CaMKII to promote neuronal activities and proliferation in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Kathleen E. Murray, Whitney A. Ratliff, Vedad Delic, Bruce A. Citron
Summary: Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic disorder that affects approximately 30% of Veterans deployed to the Persian Gulf. This study found that exposure to toxicants during the Gulf War resulted in long-term changes in the morphology of dentate granule cells and that treatment with Nrf2 activator could improve neuronal health in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yan Zou, Xiangchuang Kong, Yangming Leng, Fan Yang, Guofeng Zhou, Bo Liu, Wenliang Fan
Summary: This study examines the functional connectivity changes in individuals with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) at the integrity, network, and edge levels. The findings reveal reduced intranetwork connectivity strength and increased internetwork connectivity in SSNHL patients. These alterations are associated with the duration of SSNHL and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores. The study provides crucial insights into the neural mechanisms of SSNHL and the brain's network-level responses to sensory loss.
Review
Neurosciences
Didier Majou, Anne-Lise Dermenghem
Summary: In the early stages of SAD, memory impairment is strongly correlated with cortical levels of soluble amyloid-beta peptide oligomers. A beta disrupts glutamatergic synaptic function and leads to cognitive deficits. This article describes the pathogenic mechanisms underlying cerebral amyloidosis, involving amyloid precursor protein synthesis, A beta residue clearance processes, and the role of specific molecules.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yi Shan, Xiaojing Zhao, Guixiang Shan, Peng-Hu Wei, Lin Liu, Changming Wang, Hang Wu, Weiqun Song, Yi Tang, Guo-Guang Zhao, Jie Lu
Summary: This study investigates changes in brain anatomical structures and functional network connectivity after chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury (cctSCI) and their impact on clinical outcomes. The findings reveal alterations in gray matter volume and functional connectivity in specific brain regions, indicating potential therapeutic targets and methods for tracking treatment outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Anllely Fernandez, Katherine Corvalan, Octavia Santis, Maxs Mendez-Ruette, Ariel Caviedes, Matias Pizarro, Maria -Teresa Gomez, Luis Federico Batiz, Peter Landgraf, Thilo Kahne, Alejandro Rojas-Fernandez, Ursula Wyneken
Summary: This study reveals the importance of SUMOylation in modulating the protein cargo of astrocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and its potential impact on neurons.
Article
Neurosciences
Anika Luettig, Stefanie Perl, Maria Zetsche, Franziska Richter, Denise Franz, Marco Heerdegen, Ruediger Koehling, Angelika Richter
Summary: This study found that changes in c-Fos activity during short-term stimulation of the entopeduncular nucleus (EPN) are associated with improvement in dystonia, and also discovered that the cerebellum may be involved in the antidystonic effects.
Article
Neurosciences
Yanlin Tao, Wei Shen, Houyuan Zhou, Zikang Li, Ting Pi, Hui Wu, Hailian Shi, Fei Huang, Xiaojun Wu
Summary: Depression has a higher incidence in women compared to men, and this study investigated the impact of sex on depressive behaviors and underlying mechanisms using a corticosterone-induced depression model in mice. The results showed sex-specific anxiety and depression behaviors in the model group, as well as differences in protein expression and neurotransmitter levels between male and female mice. These findings enhance our understanding of sex-specific differences in depression and support tailored interventions.
Review
Neurosciences
Dnyandev G. Gadhave, Vrashabh V. Sugandhi, Chandrakant R. Kokare
Summary: This article discusses the characteristics and importance of the tight junctions of endothelial cells in the CNS, which act as a biological barrier known as the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It focuses on overcoming the challenges of delivering therapeutic agents to the brain in neurodegenerative disorders, particularly multiple sclerosis, through the use of biomaterials. The article also highlights the current limitations of animal models for studying multiple sclerosis and suggests a potential future research direction.
Article
Neurosciences
Li-Min Mao, Khyathi Thallapureddy, John Q. Wang
Summary: Propofol can enhance synapsin phosphorylation and modulate synaptic transmission in the mouse brain. The study reveals the potential role of synapsin as a substrate of propofol and its effects on neurotransmitter release machinery.
Article
Neurosciences
Syed Maaz Ahmed Rizvi, Abdul Baseer Buriro, Irfan Ahmed, Abdul Aziz Memon
Summary: This study explores the effects of prolonged mask usage on the human brain by analyzing EEG and physiological parameters. The results show that the mean EEG spectral power in alpha, beta, and gamma sub-bands of individuals wearing masks is smaller than those without masks. The performances on cognitive tasks and oxygen saturation level differ between the two groups, while blood pressure, body temperature, and heart rate are similar. The analysis also reveals that the occipital and frontal lobes exhibit the greatest variability in channel measurements.
Article
Neurosciences
Rui-Fang Ma, Lu-Lu Xue, Jin-Xiang Liu, Li Chen, Liu-Lin Xiong, Ting-Hua Wang, Fei Liu
Summary: This study observed changes in brain infarction and blood vessels in rats during neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) modeling using Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography (TCD). Longer duration of hypoxia was associated with more severe nerve damage. TCD can dynamically monitor cerebral infarction after NHIE modeling, which may serve as a useful auxiliary method for evaluating animal experimental models.
Article
Neurosciences
Yuxiang Dai, Chen Yu, Lu Zhou, Longyang Cheng, Hongbin Ni, Weibang Liang
Summary: Overexpression of CXCR4 in glioma is correlated with patient survival, and its inhibition can reduce invasion and migration of glioma cells. Inhibiting Nur77 also decreases cancer progression associated with CXCR4.