Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Damien D. Pearse, Andrew B. Hefley, Alejo A. Morales, Mousumi Ghosh
Summary: This study investigated the expression of transglutaminase-2 (TG2) in brain tissue of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and its correlation with binding partners and effectors involved in inflammation, scar formation, and repair antagonism. The results showed that TG2 was upregulated in active lesions and colocalized with astrocytes and extracellular matrix components.
Article
Immunology
Eva Feodora Romahn, Tun Wiltgen, Matthias Bussas, Lilian Aly, Rebecca Wicklein, Christina Noll, Achim Berthele, Vera Dehmelt, Christian Mardin, Claus Zimmer, Thomas Korn, Bernhard Hemmer, Jan S. Kirschke, Mark Muehlau, Benjamin Knier
Summary: Optical coherence tomography angiography can assess retinal vessel structures in patients with multiple sclerosis. The thinning and loss of retinal vessels are associated with brain atrophy and disability in multiple sclerosis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Emanuele D'Amico, Aurora Zanghi, Nunziatina Laura Parrinello, Alessandra Romano, Giuseppe Alberto Palumbo, Clara Grazia Chisari, Simona Toscano, Francesco Di Raimondo, Mario Zappia, Francesco Patti
Summary: This study characterized the immune cell phenotypes of patients recently diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis who had not received disease-modifying therapies. The results revealed differences in myeloid, B, and T cells between these patients and healthy controls.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Baris Genc, Sedat Sen, Kerim Aslan, Luetfi Incesu
Summary: This study shows a reduction in total hypothalamus volume, anterior-superior, superior tubular, and posterior hypothalamus in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Anterior-superior and superior tubular subunit, posterior hypothalamus, and total hypothalamus volume were negatively correlated with demyelinating lesion volume (TLV) and expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scores.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Pablo Rodriguez de Vera Gomez, Mariola Mendez Muros, Alberto Torres Cuadro, Francisco Javier Toyos Saenz de Miera, Rocio Lopez Ruiz, Raquel Guerrero Vazquez, Juan Jesus Garcia Gonzalez, Antonio Manuel Garrido Hermosilla, Tomas Martin Hernandez
Summary: This study describes the clinical and biochemical characteristics of GD-ALZ and the clinical course of GO-ALZ cases in patients treated with Alemtuzumab for RRMS. GD-ALZ was observed in 32.6% of the cases, mainly affecting women with an average age of 41.9 years. Having first-degree relatives with hypothyroidism was identified as a risk factor. GO-ALZ was diagnosed in 13.6% of the cases, with 3 cases requiring anti-IL-6 treatment.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Insha Zahoor, Hamid Suhail, Indrani Datta, Mohammad Ejaz Ahmed, Laila M. Poisson, Jeffrey Waters, Faraz Rashid, Rui Bin, Jaspreet Singh, Mirela Cerghet, Ashok Kumar, Md Nasrul Hoda, Ramandeep Rattan, Ashutosh K. Mangalam, Shailendra Giri
Summary: Metabolic aberrations were found to impact the pathogenesis of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, with changes in multiple metabolic pathways identified in patient samples. Enhanced glycolysis in immune cells of MS patients was observed, and treatment with a glycolytic inhibitor showed promising effects in ameliorating disease progression by promoting an antiinflammatory phenotype. This study highlights the potential of blood-based metabolomic approaches in identifying therapeutic targets for developing new treatment strategies for multiple sclerosis.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
James G. Harper, Elizabeth N. York, Rozanna Meijboom, Agniete Kampaite, Michael J. Thrippleton, Patrick K. A. Kearns, Maria del C. Valdes Hernandez, Siddharthan Chandran, Adam D. Waldman
Summary: This study aimed to quantify brain microstructural changes in recently diagnosed relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients using T-1 measures, and determine their associations with clinical disability. The results showed that T-1 is sensitive to brain microstructural changes in early RRMS, and prolonged T-1 in lesions and subtle changes in normal-appearing white matter and gray matter structures are associated with disability.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Madeline Bross, Melody Hackett, Marinos M. Bernitsas, Fen Bao, Carla-Santiago-Martinez, Evanthia Bernitsas
Summary: Differences in CSA CTh highlight distinct disease pathobiology between AA and CA. Regional CTh may serve as a valuable biomarker for multi-domain disability in CA, while DGM injury may be a more significant contributor to disability in AA. Longitudinal, large-scale studies are needed to verify these findings.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zhizheng Zhuo, Yongmei Li, Yunyun Duan, Guanmei Cao, Fenglian Zheng, Jinli Ding, Decai Tian, Xinli Wang, Jinhui Wang, Xinghu Zhang, Kuncheng Li, Fuqing Zhou, Muhua Huang, Yuxin Li, Haiqing Li, Chun Zeng, Ningnannan Zhang, Jie Sun, Chunshui Yu, Xuemei Han, Sven Haller, Frederik Barkhof, Fudong Shi, Yaou Liu
Summary: Three MRI subtypes of RRMS were identified with distinct clinical and imaging features and different prognoses. The subtypes showed variations in cognitive impairment and conversion rate to SPMS.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kunio Nakamura, Oksana Mokliatchouk, Douglas L. Arnold, Tarek A. Yousry, Ludwig Kappos, Nancy Richert, Katherine Ayling-Rouse, Catherine Miller, Elizabeth Fisher
Summary: Reanalysis of MRI images from the DEFINE/CONFIRM trials showed that dimethyl fumarate (DMF) reduces brain volume loss in the second year compared to placebo, consistent with its effects on relapses, disability, and MRI lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The brain volume changes in the first year may be explained by pseudoatrophy effects observed in other MS clinical trials.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Tatiana Koudriavtseva, Svetlana Lorenzano, Maria Cellerino, Mauro Truglio, Marco Fiorelli, Caterina Lapucci, Giovanna D'Agosto, Laura Conti, Annunziata Stefanile, Silvana Zannino, Maria Maddalena Filippi, Antonio Cortese, Carlo Piantadosi, Marta Maschio, Andrea Maialetti, Edvina Galie, Marco Salvetti, Matilde Inglese
Summary: The objective of this observational study was to identify the most specific pro-coagulative/vascular factors for multiple sclerosis pathogenesis and to correlate them with brain hemodynamic abnormalities. The results showed that tissue-factor was one of the key variables in differentiating multiple sclerosis from controls and relapse from remission.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Keita Kohno, Ryoji Shirasaka, Kohei Yoshihara, Satsuki Mikuriya, Kaori Tanaka, Keiko Takanami, Kazuhide Inoue, Hirotaka Sakamoto, Yasuyuki Ohkawa, Takahiro Masuda, Makoto Tsuda
Summary: This study reveals the role of CD11c-expressing spinal microglia in the remission and recurrence of neuropathic pain. These microglia express IGF1, and interference with IGF1 signaling impairs pain recovery. Depletion of CD11c(+) microglia or interruption of IGF1 signaling leads to relapse in pain hypersensitivity.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rita Rodrigues, Raquel Rocha, Goncalo Bonifacio, Daniela Ferro, Francisco Sabenca, Ana Isabel Goncalves, Filipe Correia, Joaquim Pinheiro, Jose Leal Loureiro, Rui Pedro Guerreiro, Jose Vale, Maria Jose Sa, Andreia Costa
Summary: Therapeutic inertia (TI) is a common issue in the management of RRMS patients in Portugal, with approximately 1 in 5 patients exhibiting TI. Factors such as absence of relapses, current use of disease-modifying therapies (DMT), absence of adverse events, and care level of the treatment center are associated with TI. Further studies are needed to explore the impact of these factors on therapeutic decisions in RRMS patients.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Malthe Faurschou Wandall-Holm, Mathias Due Buron, Tine Iskov Kopp, Karsten Thielen, Finn Sellebjerg, Melinda Magyari
Summary: Initiating treatment early reduces the risk of disability pension in patients with RRMS. This finding highlights the importance of early diagnosis and treatment on a patient-centered, socioeconomic disability milestone.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Malin Boremalm, Peter Sundstrom, Jonatan Salzer
Summary: Rituximab is safe and effective in treating RRMS, with long-term effects on inflammatory disease activity. Disease reactivation is rare in MS patients who discontinued treatment, and low-dose rituximab (< 1000 mg yearly) is sufficient to maintain suppression of inflammatory disease activity in stable patients.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marta Bellofatto, Alessandro Bertini, Irene Tramacere, Fiore Manganelli, Gian Maria Fabrizi, Angelo Schenone, Lucio Santoro, Tiziana Cavallaro, Marina Grandis, Stefano C. Previtali, Isabella Allegri, Luca Padua, Costanza Pazzaglia, Daniela Calabrese, Paola Saveri, Aldo Quattrone, Paola Valentino, Stefano Tozza, Luca Gentile, Massimo Russo, Anna Mazzeo, Giuseppe Vita, Sylvie Piacentini, Chiara Pisciotta, Davide Pareyson
Summary: A significant proportion of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) patients experience general distress and depression, which are correlated with disease severity and medication usage.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Francesco Riganello, Martina Vatrano, Paolo Tonin, Antonio Cerasa, Maria Daniela Cortese
Summary: This study analyzed the changes in heart rate variability (HRV) signals during the execution of cognitive tests to evaluate flexibility, inhibition abilities, and rule learning. The results showed that the Complexity Index (CI) was negatively correlated with age, and low frequency (LF) signals were negatively correlated with Sample Entropy (SampEn). Additionally, CI and LF/HF ratio were negatively correlated with error rates in Task 1, while reaction time was positively correlated with CI and LF/HF ratio errors in Task 2. Binary logistic regression model using age, CI, and LF/HF ratio classified performance groups with a sensitivity and specificity of 73% and 71% respectively. This study provides an important initial exploration into the complex relationship between CI, sympathovagal balance, and age in regulating impulsive reactions during cognitive tests, and could be beneficial for assessing cognitive decline and understanding the brain-heart interaction.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marta Bellofatto, Alessandro Bertini, Irene Tramacere, Fiore Manganelli, Gian Maria Fabrizi, Angelo Schenone, Lucio Santoro, Tiziana Cavallaro, Marina Grandis, Stefano C. Previtali, Yuri Falzone, Isabella Allegri, Luca Padua, Costanza Pazzaglia, Daniela Calabrese, Paola Saveri, Aldo Quattrone, Paola Valentino, Stefano Tozza, Luca Gentile, Massimo Russo, Anna Mazzeo, Giuseppe Vita, Sylvie Piacentini, Chiara Pisciotta, Davide Pareyson
Summary: This study investigated fatigue in CMT patients and found that 36% of the patients experienced abnormal fatigue. Abnormal fatigue was correlated with disease severity, anxiety, depression, sleepiness, and obesity. Therefore, the management of CMT patients should involve treating fatigue and addressing other factors such as anxiety, depression, sleepiness, and obesity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Monica Gagliardi, Radha Procopio, Mariagrazia Talarico, Andrea Quattrone, Gennarina Arabia, Maurizio Morelli, Marco D'Amelio, Donatella Malanga, Giuseppe Bonapace, Aldo Quattrone, Grazia Annesi
Summary: Recently, a novel pathogenic variant in Annexin A1 protein has been identified in an Iranian family with autosomal recessive Parkinsonism. This study aimed to identify rare ANXA1 variants in early-onset PD patients from South Italy. However, sequencing analysis revealed only 2 synonymous variants, suggesting that the recently published ANXA1 mutation is not a common cause of EOPD in Southern Italy.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2023)
Article
Virology
Claudia Veneziano, Nadia Marascio, Carmela De Marco, Barbara Quaresima, Flavia Biamonte, Enrico Maria Trecarichi, Gianluca Santamaria, Angela Quirino, Daniele Torella, Aldo Quattrone, Giovanni Matera, Carlo Torti, Caterina De Filippo, Francesco Saverio Costanzo, Giuseppe Viglietto
Summary: We investigated the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 spread in Calabria, Southern Italy, in 2022. Analysis of Omicron variants in Calabria revealed the prevalence of 10 different sub-lineages. In addition, Calabria Omicron presented non-canonical mutations in the S protein and non-structural proteins.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Irene Ciancarelli, Giovanni Morone, Marco Iosa, Antonio Cerasa, Rocco Salvatore Calabro, Giovanni Iolascon, Francesca Gimigliano, Paolo Tonin, Maria Giuliana Tozzi Ciancarelli
Summary: The effectiveness of neurorehabilitation in stroke patients is influenced by their baseline clinical features and nutritional status. Malnutrition, either pre-stroke or due to ischemic injury, impairs rehabilitation outcomes, while a proper nutritional status promotes neuroplasticity and functional recovery. Nutrition strategies based on food components with oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties can help improve nutritional status and support satisfactory rehabilitative outcomes in stroke patients.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simona Panunzi, Lucia Francesca Lucca, Antonio De Tanti, Francesca Cava, Annamaria Romoli, Rita Formisano, Federico Scarponi, Anna Estraneo, Diana Frattini, Paolo Tonin, Ilaria Piergentilli, Giovanni Pioggia, Andrea De Gaetano, Antonio Cerasa
Summary: This study proposes a dynamic non-linear mathematical model for predicting the course of disease in acquired brain injury (ABI) patients. Using data from a multicentric study, the Michaelis-Menten (MM) model is applied to well-known clinical variables to assess the outcome of ABI patients. The results show that the MM model can accurately differentiate between positive and negative Glasgow outcome scores (GOS) at discharge.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marianna Contrada, Antonio Cerasa, Caterina Pucci, Irene Ciancarelli, Giovanni Pioggia, Paolo Tonin, Rocco Salvatore Calabro
Summary: Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and disability worldwide. While significant progress has been made in the treatment of motor and cognitive dysfunctions, sexual dysfunctions remain unresolved. The etiology of sexual deficits is multifactorial, involving both organic and psychosocial factors. This perspective review highlights the need for healthcare professionals to address sexuality in stroke patients and suggests the inclusion of sexual counselors in rehabilitation settings.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Camilla Calomino, Andrea Quattrone, Alessia Sarica, Maria Giovanna Bianco, Federica Aracri, Marida De Maria, Jolanda Buonocore, Maria Grazia Vaccaro, Basilio Vescio, Aldo Quattrone
Summary: Objective: The study aimed to identify brain structures associated with postural instability (PI) in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP). Methods: PSP patients and control subjects were evaluated using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Results: Widespread grey matter atrophy was observed in PSP patients compared to controls. The right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) was significantly associated with the PI score in PSP patients. Conclusions: The IFG volume may play a role in the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying PI. This finding has important implications for developing optimal treatment protocols for postural disorders in parkinsonism.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Maria Grazia Maggio, Daniela De Bartolo, Rocco Salvatore Calabro, Irene Ciancarelli, Antonio Cerasa, Paolo Tonin, Fulvia Di Iulio, Stefano Paolucci, Gabriella Antonucci, Giovanni Morone, Marco Iosa
Summary: This article reviews the available software and devices for computerized cognitive training and rehabilitation interventions, as well as their feasibility and efficacy in both hospital and home settings. The study demonstrates that technology-based devices can be potential and valuable tools for remote cognitive rehabilitation.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Ileana Scarcella, Flavia Marino, Chiara Failla, Germana Doria, Paola Chila, Roberta Minutoli, Noemi Vetrano, David Vagni, Loris Pignolo, Marcella Di Cara, Carmela Settimo, Angelo Quartarone, Antonio Cerasa, Giovanni Pioggia
Summary: Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have been widely used to help people with autism spectrum conditions (ASC), with serious games and social robots being the most commonly employed tools. The goal is to enhance behavioral abnormalities associated with ASC and create an interactive link between individuals and computers. Compared to human-based therapy, ICT tools provide predictability and regularity that inspire autistic children. This systematic review shows that ICT technologies effectively improve social skills in children with ASC, with computer-based, tablet, and social robotics interventions demonstrating better results than traditional face-to-face approaches.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Mathematics
Francesca Condino, Filippo Domma
Summary: In this work, a general framework for models with support in the unit interval is proposed using random variable transformations. The framework provides general expressions for distribution and density functions, as well as essential characteristics such as quantiles, moments, and hazard functions. By selecting appropriate transformations, different existing proposals can be seen as specific cases of this framework. Additionally, the focus is on unit-Dagum distributions, where the type I and type II unit-Dagum distributions are proposed using different transformations. Applications with data on the unit interval are also reported.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Angelo Labate, Salvatore Bertino, Rosa Morabito, Chiara Smorto, Annalisa Militi, Simona Cammaroto, Carmelo Anfuso, Francesco Tomaiuolo, Paolo Tonin, Silvia Marino, Antonio Cerasa, Angelo Quartarone
Summary: Epilepsy is a common neurological disease with a high resistance rate to current medical treatments. MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) has emerged as a potential treatment option for drug-resistant epilepsy due to its minimally invasive nature and technological advancements.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Gennaro Tartarisco, Giovanni Cicceri, Roberta Bruschetta, Alessandro Tonacci, Simona Campisi, Salvatore Vitabile, Antonio Cerasa, Salvatore Distefano, Alessio Pellegrino, Pietro Amedeo Modesti, Giovanni Pioggia
Summary: This paper presents a Medical Cyber-Physical System (MCPS) for the automatic classification of heart valve diseases onsite. The proposed system combines different neural network models and has been validated on a new dataset, demonstrating high accuracy and feasibility.
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaomei Lin, Tianyuyi Feng, Erheng Cui, Yunfei Li, Zhang Qin, Xiaohu Zhao
Summary: This study successfully established a rat model based on the genetic-environmental interaction, which exhibited phenotype characteristics similar to human AD in terms of cognitive function, brain microstructure, and immunohistochemistry. The genetic factor (APP mutation) and the environmental factor (acrolein exposure) accounted for 39.74% and 33.3% of the AD-like phenotypes in the model, respectively.
Article
Neurosciences
Gustavo Guimara Guerrero, Giovanna Bignoto Minhoto, Camilla dos Santos Tiburcio-Machado, Itza Amarisis Ribeiro Pinto, Claudio Antonio Federico, Marcia Carneiro Valera
Summary: The present study evaluated the influence of head and neck radiotherapy on the behavior and body weight gain in Wistar rats. The results demonstrated that different doses of radiation induced depressive behavior in the animals, and that the weight gain tended to be lower in the irradiated groups.
Article
Neurosciences
Ziwei Gao, Chao Lu, Yaping Zhu, Yuxin Liu, Yuesong Lin, Wenming Gao, Liyuan Tian, Lei Wu
Summary: This study reveals the underlying mechanisms of the rapid antidepressant effects of merazin hydrate (MH), which activates CaMKII to promote neuronal activities and proliferation in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Kathleen E. Murray, Whitney A. Ratliff, Vedad Delic, Bruce A. Citron
Summary: Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic disorder that affects approximately 30% of Veterans deployed to the Persian Gulf. This study found that exposure to toxicants during the Gulf War resulted in long-term changes in the morphology of dentate granule cells and that treatment with Nrf2 activator could improve neuronal health in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yan Zou, Xiangchuang Kong, Yangming Leng, Fan Yang, Guofeng Zhou, Bo Liu, Wenliang Fan
Summary: This study examines the functional connectivity changes in individuals with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) at the integrity, network, and edge levels. The findings reveal reduced intranetwork connectivity strength and increased internetwork connectivity in SSNHL patients. These alterations are associated with the duration of SSNHL and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores. The study provides crucial insights into the neural mechanisms of SSNHL and the brain's network-level responses to sensory loss.
Review
Neurosciences
Didier Majou, Anne-Lise Dermenghem
Summary: In the early stages of SAD, memory impairment is strongly correlated with cortical levels of soluble amyloid-beta peptide oligomers. A beta disrupts glutamatergic synaptic function and leads to cognitive deficits. This article describes the pathogenic mechanisms underlying cerebral amyloidosis, involving amyloid precursor protein synthesis, A beta residue clearance processes, and the role of specific molecules.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yi Shan, Xiaojing Zhao, Guixiang Shan, Peng-Hu Wei, Lin Liu, Changming Wang, Hang Wu, Weiqun Song, Yi Tang, Guo-Guang Zhao, Jie Lu
Summary: This study investigates changes in brain anatomical structures and functional network connectivity after chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury (cctSCI) and their impact on clinical outcomes. The findings reveal alterations in gray matter volume and functional connectivity in specific brain regions, indicating potential therapeutic targets and methods for tracking treatment outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Anllely Fernandez, Katherine Corvalan, Octavia Santis, Maxs Mendez-Ruette, Ariel Caviedes, Matias Pizarro, Maria -Teresa Gomez, Luis Federico Batiz, Peter Landgraf, Thilo Kahne, Alejandro Rojas-Fernandez, Ursula Wyneken
Summary: This study reveals the importance of SUMOylation in modulating the protein cargo of astrocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and its potential impact on neurons.
Article
Neurosciences
Anika Luettig, Stefanie Perl, Maria Zetsche, Franziska Richter, Denise Franz, Marco Heerdegen, Ruediger Koehling, Angelika Richter
Summary: This study found that changes in c-Fos activity during short-term stimulation of the entopeduncular nucleus (EPN) are associated with improvement in dystonia, and also discovered that the cerebellum may be involved in the antidystonic effects.
Article
Neurosciences
Yanlin Tao, Wei Shen, Houyuan Zhou, Zikang Li, Ting Pi, Hui Wu, Hailian Shi, Fei Huang, Xiaojun Wu
Summary: Depression has a higher incidence in women compared to men, and this study investigated the impact of sex on depressive behaviors and underlying mechanisms using a corticosterone-induced depression model in mice. The results showed sex-specific anxiety and depression behaviors in the model group, as well as differences in protein expression and neurotransmitter levels between male and female mice. These findings enhance our understanding of sex-specific differences in depression and support tailored interventions.
Review
Neurosciences
Dnyandev G. Gadhave, Vrashabh V. Sugandhi, Chandrakant R. Kokare
Summary: This article discusses the characteristics and importance of the tight junctions of endothelial cells in the CNS, which act as a biological barrier known as the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It focuses on overcoming the challenges of delivering therapeutic agents to the brain in neurodegenerative disorders, particularly multiple sclerosis, through the use of biomaterials. The article also highlights the current limitations of animal models for studying multiple sclerosis and suggests a potential future research direction.
Article
Neurosciences
Li-Min Mao, Khyathi Thallapureddy, John Q. Wang
Summary: Propofol can enhance synapsin phosphorylation and modulate synaptic transmission in the mouse brain. The study reveals the potential role of synapsin as a substrate of propofol and its effects on neurotransmitter release machinery.
Article
Neurosciences
Syed Maaz Ahmed Rizvi, Abdul Baseer Buriro, Irfan Ahmed, Abdul Aziz Memon
Summary: This study explores the effects of prolonged mask usage on the human brain by analyzing EEG and physiological parameters. The results show that the mean EEG spectral power in alpha, beta, and gamma sub-bands of individuals wearing masks is smaller than those without masks. The performances on cognitive tasks and oxygen saturation level differ between the two groups, while blood pressure, body temperature, and heart rate are similar. The analysis also reveals that the occipital and frontal lobes exhibit the greatest variability in channel measurements.
Article
Neurosciences
Rui-Fang Ma, Lu-Lu Xue, Jin-Xiang Liu, Li Chen, Liu-Lin Xiong, Ting-Hua Wang, Fei Liu
Summary: This study observed changes in brain infarction and blood vessels in rats during neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) modeling using Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography (TCD). Longer duration of hypoxia was associated with more severe nerve damage. TCD can dynamically monitor cerebral infarction after NHIE modeling, which may serve as a useful auxiliary method for evaluating animal experimental models.
Article
Neurosciences
Yuxiang Dai, Chen Yu, Lu Zhou, Longyang Cheng, Hongbin Ni, Weibang Liang
Summary: Overexpression of CXCR4 in glioma is correlated with patient survival, and its inhibition can reduce invasion and migration of glioma cells. Inhibiting Nur77 also decreases cancer progression associated with CXCR4.
