Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chuan-Ching Lai, Rathinasamy Baskaran, Chih-Yu Tsao, Li-Heng Tuan, Pei-Fen Siow, Mahalakshmi Palani, Lukas Jyuhn-Hsiarn Lee, Chih-Min Liu, Hai-Gwo Hwu, Li-Jen Lee
Summary: Schizophrenia usually manifests during adolescence to young adulthood, providing an opportunity for early intervention. This study investigated the preventive effect of chronic N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment on the outbreak of psychosis in Disc1 Het mice and found that NAC can normalize biochemical and morphological features in the striatum. The findings not only support the use of NAC as a dietary supplement for schizophrenia prodromes, but also contribute to our understanding of potential therapeutic targets for treating mental disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Chuan-Chie Chang, Hsiao-Ying Kuo, Shih-Yun Chen, Wan-Ting Lin, Kuan-Ming Lu, Tetsuichiro Saito, Fu-Chin Liu
Summary: Schizophrenia, a devastating neuropsychiatric disease, has a 1% life-long prevalence globally. Clinical studies have linked Zswim6 mutations to developmental and neurological diseases, including schizophrenia. The comprehensive analysis of Zswim6 expression patterns in the mouse forebrain revealed its early and persistent expression in key brain regions associated with schizophrenia, providing important insights into its potential role in neurodevelopmental disorders.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROANATOMY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Monica Pardo, Sara Gregorio, Enrica Montalban, Lluis Pujadas, Alba Elias-Tersa, Nuria Masachs, Alba Vilchez-Acosta, Annabelle Parent, Carme Auladell, Jean-Antoine Girault, Miquel Vila, Angus C. C. Nairn, Yasmina Manso, Eduardo Soriano
Summary: Reelin protein is implicated in psychiatric disorders, but its effects on the structure and neuronal composition of the striatum are not well understood. This study found that overexpression of Reelin protein increases the numbers of striatal interneurons and cholinergic neurons, and slightly increases the tyrosine hydroxylase-positive projections from the substantia nigra to the striatum. These findings suggest that increased levels of Reelin may protect against neuropsychiatric disorders by modifying these structures and neuronal numbers.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ornela Kljakic, Helena Janickova, Miguel Skirzewski, Amy Reichelt, Sara Memar, Salah El Mestikawy, Yulong Li, Lisa M. Saksida, Timothy J. Bussey, Vania F. Prado, Marco A. M. Prado
Summary: In the striatum, cholinergic interneurons can release both acetylcholine and glutamate, and their individual and combined contributions to behavior regulation were assessed in mice using reward-based touchscreen tests. Changes in VAChT and VGLUT3 levels have different effects on reward responses, and the simultaneous loss of both vesicular transporters affects dopamine signaling and behavior in a more severe way than the loss of VAChT alone. This shows that the ability of CINs to secrete two different neurotransmitters allows for complex modulation of various behaviors.
Article
Psychiatry
Klara Danielsson, Rosita Stomberg, Louise Adermark, Mia Ericson, Bo Soderpalm
Summary: Schizophrenia is characterized by positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms, with positive symptoms showing a better response to antipsychotic treatment. Drug abuse is prevalent in schizophrenia, with some drugs potentially alleviating negative symptoms and others exacerbating symptoms. The study found that substances inducing psychosis affect dopamine release in the striatum differently from substances that do not induce psychosis.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Ali Mohebi, Val L. Collins, Joshua D. Berke
Summary: This study investigates the role of cholinergic interneurons (CINs) in the regulation of dopamine (DA) release and its impact on motivated behavior. The findings highlight the crucial influence of CINs on DA dynamics and provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of motivation.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fernando Caravaggio, Alexander J. Barnett, Shinichiro Nakajima, Yusuke Iwata, Julia Kim, Carol Borlido, Wanna Mar, Philip Gerretsen, Gary Remington, Ariel Graff-Guerrero
Summary: This study investigated the effects of AMPT-induced dopamine depletion on resting-state functional connectivity of the basal ganglia and canonical resting-state networks in healthy individuals. The results showed reduced connectivity between the caudate and the medial prefrontal cortex, as well as decreased connectivity between several brain regions and the occipital cortex, while increased connectivity was observed between the dorsal caudate and the sensorimotor network. AMPT also significantly decreased self-reported motivation and increased fatigue. Moreover, greater fatigue was associated with reduced connectivity between the substantia nigra and the medial prefrontal cortex, and decreased motivation was correlated with decreased connectivity between the ventral tegmental area and the left sensorimotor cortex.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Allen P. F. Chen, Lu Chen, Thomas A. Kim, Qiaojie Xiong
Summary: Dopamine plays a crucial role in controlling CNS function and its dysregulation can lead to various cognitive symptoms associated with neuropsychiatric diseases. Different brain areas have varying functions and roles for dopamine, suggesting potential differential dysregulation in different disease states.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olivier Rampin, Audrey Saint Albin Deliot, Christian Ouali, Jasmine Burguet, Elisa Gry, Gaelle Champeil Potokar, Nathalie Jerome, Olga Davidenko, Nicolas Darcel, Vincent Bombail, Philippe Andrey, Isabelle Denis
Summary: Food odour coding is crucial for food intake, and dopamine plays a regulatory role in food odour information processing in the ventral striatum.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Pierre Vincent, Liliana R. V. Castro, Segolene Bompierre
Summary: Biosensor imaging experiments reveal how neuromodulators activate receptors and integrate at different levels in the signaling cascade, with phosphodiesterases playing a crucial role in cross-talk between signaling pathways. Additionally, analysis of signal dynamics shows that striatal medium-sized spiny neurons follow a unique logic compared to other brain regions, likely due to the region's efficient detection of transient dopamine.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Karl Schoknecht, Johannes Hirrlinger, Jens Eilers
Summary: Spreading depolarizations (SDs) occur frequently in acute cerebral injuries, characterized by breakdown of ion gradients leading to reduced extracellular sodium and increased extracellular potassium concentration. Astrocytic accumulation of fluorescein (Fluo) was found during SDs induced by elevated potassium concentration. Astrocytic Fluo accumulation and swelling were only prevented by inhibition of the sodium-potassium ATPase, suggesting its involvement in these processes.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wouter van Elzelingen, Jessica Goedhoop, Pascal Warnaar, Damiaan Denys, Tara Arbab, Ingo Willuhn
Summary: Dopamine signals in the striatum play a critical role in motivated behavior. The release and modulation of dopamine in different regions of the striatum vary, while prediction-error signals are limited to specific regions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Agoston Patthy, Janos Murai, Janos Hanics, Anna Pinter, Peter Zahola, Tomas G. M. Hokfelt, Tibor Harkany, Alan Alpar
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder for which an effective therapy has yet to be found. Research suggests that early damage to the ascending monoaminergic system in the brainstem may be an early sign and potential trigger of AD. In addition, cortical malfunction and local neurohistopathology are also related to the progression of AD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Optics
Shaohua Lu, Jingjing Zhao, Di Zhou, Jialiang Huang, Yiling Sun, Yiwen Sun, Zhengfang Qian, Shuting Fan
Summary: Quantitative detection of neurotransmitters in aqueous environment using terahertz waves has great potential. In this study, a hexagonal asymmetric metamaterial sensor was designed and fabricated for sensing aqueous solutions. The effective absorption was found to be linearly correlated with the concentration of dilute adrenaline solutions, and a non-linear relationship was observed at higher concentrations.
Article
Neurosciences
Lindsay J. Agostinelli, Scott C. Seaman, Clifford B. Saper, Dustin P. Fykstra, Marco M. Hefti, Timothy R. Koscik, Brian J. Dlouhy, Alexander G. Bassuk
Summary: Researchers report a study that combines high-resolution MRI and detailed histology to study the impact of neurologic disease on specific cell groups in the human brainstem and cerebellum. These findings are crucial for understanding and diagnosing brainstem lesions.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaomei Lin, Tianyuyi Feng, Erheng Cui, Yunfei Li, Zhang Qin, Xiaohu Zhao
Summary: This study successfully established a rat model based on the genetic-environmental interaction, which exhibited phenotype characteristics similar to human AD in terms of cognitive function, brain microstructure, and immunohistochemistry. The genetic factor (APP mutation) and the environmental factor (acrolein exposure) accounted for 39.74% and 33.3% of the AD-like phenotypes in the model, respectively.
Article
Neurosciences
Gustavo Guimara Guerrero, Giovanna Bignoto Minhoto, Camilla dos Santos Tiburcio-Machado, Itza Amarisis Ribeiro Pinto, Claudio Antonio Federico, Marcia Carneiro Valera
Summary: The present study evaluated the influence of head and neck radiotherapy on the behavior and body weight gain in Wistar rats. The results demonstrated that different doses of radiation induced depressive behavior in the animals, and that the weight gain tended to be lower in the irradiated groups.
Article
Neurosciences
Ziwei Gao, Chao Lu, Yaping Zhu, Yuxin Liu, Yuesong Lin, Wenming Gao, Liyuan Tian, Lei Wu
Summary: This study reveals the underlying mechanisms of the rapid antidepressant effects of merazin hydrate (MH), which activates CaMKII to promote neuronal activities and proliferation in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Kathleen E. Murray, Whitney A. Ratliff, Vedad Delic, Bruce A. Citron
Summary: Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic disorder that affects approximately 30% of Veterans deployed to the Persian Gulf. This study found that exposure to toxicants during the Gulf War resulted in long-term changes in the morphology of dentate granule cells and that treatment with Nrf2 activator could improve neuronal health in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yan Zou, Xiangchuang Kong, Yangming Leng, Fan Yang, Guofeng Zhou, Bo Liu, Wenliang Fan
Summary: This study examines the functional connectivity changes in individuals with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) at the integrity, network, and edge levels. The findings reveal reduced intranetwork connectivity strength and increased internetwork connectivity in SSNHL patients. These alterations are associated with the duration of SSNHL and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores. The study provides crucial insights into the neural mechanisms of SSNHL and the brain's network-level responses to sensory loss.
Review
Neurosciences
Didier Majou, Anne-Lise Dermenghem
Summary: In the early stages of SAD, memory impairment is strongly correlated with cortical levels of soluble amyloid-beta peptide oligomers. A beta disrupts glutamatergic synaptic function and leads to cognitive deficits. This article describes the pathogenic mechanisms underlying cerebral amyloidosis, involving amyloid precursor protein synthesis, A beta residue clearance processes, and the role of specific molecules.
Article
Neurosciences
Jing Li, Yi Shan, Xiaojing Zhao, Guixiang Shan, Peng-Hu Wei, Lin Liu, Changming Wang, Hang Wu, Weiqun Song, Yi Tang, Guo-Guang Zhao, Jie Lu
Summary: This study investigates changes in brain anatomical structures and functional network connectivity after chronic complete thoracic spinal cord injury (cctSCI) and their impact on clinical outcomes. The findings reveal alterations in gray matter volume and functional connectivity in specific brain regions, indicating potential therapeutic targets and methods for tracking treatment outcomes.
Article
Neurosciences
Anllely Fernandez, Katherine Corvalan, Octavia Santis, Maxs Mendez-Ruette, Ariel Caviedes, Matias Pizarro, Maria -Teresa Gomez, Luis Federico Batiz, Peter Landgraf, Thilo Kahne, Alejandro Rojas-Fernandez, Ursula Wyneken
Summary: This study reveals the importance of SUMOylation in modulating the protein cargo of astrocyte-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) and its potential impact on neurons.
Article
Neurosciences
Anika Luettig, Stefanie Perl, Maria Zetsche, Franziska Richter, Denise Franz, Marco Heerdegen, Ruediger Koehling, Angelika Richter
Summary: This study found that changes in c-Fos activity during short-term stimulation of the entopeduncular nucleus (EPN) are associated with improvement in dystonia, and also discovered that the cerebellum may be involved in the antidystonic effects.
Article
Neurosciences
Yanlin Tao, Wei Shen, Houyuan Zhou, Zikang Li, Ting Pi, Hui Wu, Hailian Shi, Fei Huang, Xiaojun Wu
Summary: Depression has a higher incidence in women compared to men, and this study investigated the impact of sex on depressive behaviors and underlying mechanisms using a corticosterone-induced depression model in mice. The results showed sex-specific anxiety and depression behaviors in the model group, as well as differences in protein expression and neurotransmitter levels between male and female mice. These findings enhance our understanding of sex-specific differences in depression and support tailored interventions.
Review
Neurosciences
Dnyandev G. Gadhave, Vrashabh V. Sugandhi, Chandrakant R. Kokare
Summary: This article discusses the characteristics and importance of the tight junctions of endothelial cells in the CNS, which act as a biological barrier known as the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It focuses on overcoming the challenges of delivering therapeutic agents to the brain in neurodegenerative disorders, particularly multiple sclerosis, through the use of biomaterials. The article also highlights the current limitations of animal models for studying multiple sclerosis and suggests a potential future research direction.
Article
Neurosciences
Li-Min Mao, Khyathi Thallapureddy, John Q. Wang
Summary: Propofol can enhance synapsin phosphorylation and modulate synaptic transmission in the mouse brain. The study reveals the potential role of synapsin as a substrate of propofol and its effects on neurotransmitter release machinery.
Article
Neurosciences
Syed Maaz Ahmed Rizvi, Abdul Baseer Buriro, Irfan Ahmed, Abdul Aziz Memon
Summary: This study explores the effects of prolonged mask usage on the human brain by analyzing EEG and physiological parameters. The results show that the mean EEG spectral power in alpha, beta, and gamma sub-bands of individuals wearing masks is smaller than those without masks. The performances on cognitive tasks and oxygen saturation level differ between the two groups, while blood pressure, body temperature, and heart rate are similar. The analysis also reveals that the occipital and frontal lobes exhibit the greatest variability in channel measurements.
Article
Neurosciences
Rui-Fang Ma, Lu-Lu Xue, Jin-Xiang Liu, Li Chen, Liu-Lin Xiong, Ting-Hua Wang, Fei Liu
Summary: This study observed changes in brain infarction and blood vessels in rats during neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (NHIE) modeling using Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography (TCD). Longer duration of hypoxia was associated with more severe nerve damage. TCD can dynamically monitor cerebral infarction after NHIE modeling, which may serve as a useful auxiliary method for evaluating animal experimental models.
Article
Neurosciences
Yuxiang Dai, Chen Yu, Lu Zhou, Longyang Cheng, Hongbin Ni, Weibang Liang
Summary: Overexpression of CXCR4 in glioma is correlated with patient survival, and its inhibition can reduce invasion and migration of glioma cells. Inhibiting Nur77 also decreases cancer progression associated with CXCR4.