Review
Physiology
Jeongjin J. Kim, Alexander Ahn, Jeffrey Ying, Evan Hickman, Andrew T. Ludlow
Summary: Exercise increases the expression and activity of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), promoting telomere maintenance, preventing cellular senescence, and promoting healthy aging by protecting the genome and telomeres.
EXERCISE AND SPORT SCIENCES REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. Yun, Shangli Shi, Shoujiang Sun, Yuanyuan Jing, Zili Li, Xiaoyan Zhang, Xiaolong Li, Fang Wu
Summary: In this study, we conducted a longitudinal analysis of telomerase activity and relative telomere length in different varieties of alfalfa. We found significant differences in telomerase activity and relative telomere length between plants of different ages and varieties. The relative telomere length is influenced by genetic variation and age, with age exerting a greater effect.
Review
Sport Sciences
Marlies Schellnegger, Alvin C. Lin, Niels Hammer, Lars-Peter Kamolz
Summary: Healthy life expectancy lags behind overall life expectancy, and increasing overall fitness through physical activity can attenuate the impact of aging. Telomere biology is a key factor in understanding the relationship between exercise and aging, but there is still uncertainty regarding the optimal intensity, duration, and type of physical activity.
SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Bartu Eren Gunesliol, Esen Karaca, Duygu Agagunduz, Zeynep Alanur Acar
Summary: The aging of the population leads to a loss of ability to move independently, and the length of telomeres is associated with cell aging and death. Physical activity and nutrition can affect telomere length and slow down the aging process.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chia-Ling Kuo, Ben Kirk, Meiruo Xiang, Luke C. C. Pilling, George A. A. Kuchel, Richard Kremer, Gustavo Duque
Summary: This study examined the relationship between vitamin D levels and leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in older participants. It found that low or extremely low vitamin D levels were associated with shorter LTL, as well as high vitamin D levels. However, these associations may be influenced by unmeasured confounders.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Stina George Fernandes, Rebecca Dsouza, Ekta Khattar
Summary: The external environment influences cellular physiological processes and genome stability, particularly impacting telomeres. Telomeres protect genome integrity by preventing DNA damage response and end-to-end fusions. External factors like oxidative stress and inflammation impact telomere stability.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Peter Lansdorp
Summary: The number of telomere repeats varies greatly between chromosomes, cells, and species. Loss of telomere repeats limits cell proliferation and contributes to aging, but the mechanisms behind these processes are still not fully understood. Further research is needed to investigate the role of factors such as damaged telomeric DNA, replication errors, chromatin structure, and secondary DNA structures in telomere dynamics in different cell types.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jue Lin, Elissa Epel
Summary: Short telomeres may increase the risk of degenerative diseases, with stress-induced telomere damage being an important pathway. The initial setting point of telomere length at birth appears to be influential, possibly affected by stress. Intergenerational stress effects on telomeres include prenatal stress and direct inheritance of short telomeres.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Hyuk-Joon Jeon, Minsung Kang, Jae-Sung Kim, Jeong Su Oh
Summary: The study found that telomeres in oocytes experience shortening during postovulatory aging, but overexpression of Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein (TCTP) can reverse this shortening by upregulating telomerase activity. TCTP prevents telomere attrition during postovulatory aging in mouse oocytes by increasing telomerase activity.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Darryl McLennan, Sonya K. Auer, Simon McKelvey, Lynn McKelvey, Graeme Anderson, Winnie Boner, Jessica S. Duprez, Neil B. Metcalfe
Summary: Restoring nutrients to streams can mitigate the adverse effects of habitat features on cellular ageing in fish. This suggests that increasing food supply through nutrient restoration reduces competition and stress levels in fish, ultimately improving their overall fitness.
Article
Cell Biology
Ryan L. Brown, Elissa E. Epel, Jue Lin, Dena B. Dubal, Aric A. Prather
Summary: Aging biomarkers may be interconnected through direct co-regulation or common processes associated with aging or stress. Klotho, an aging regulator, is involved in regulating insulin signaling, phosphate homeostasis, oxidative stress, and age-related inflammation. This study investigated the association between klotho levels and telomere length in immune cells among mothers caregiving for children with or without autism spectrum disorder (ASD), to understand the potential impact of high caregiving stress on these aging biomarkers. Our results showed a positive association between klotho levels and telomere length in certain immune cells among high-stress mothers of children with ASD, but not among low-stress mothers of neurotypical children. There were no significant associations between klotho and telomerase activity in either group.
Article
Plant Sciences
Katherine M. D'Amico-Willman, Elizabeth S. Anderson, Thomas M. Gradziel, Jonathan Fresnedo-Ramirez
Summary: This study found a significant association between almond age, relative telomere length, and TERT expression, indicating that telomeres shorten and TERT expression decreases as almonds age. These findings contribute to understanding perennial plant aging and provide opportunities for addressing age-related disorders in almond breeding and nursery propagation.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dries S. Martens, Charlotte Van der Stukken, Catherine Derom, Evert Thiery, Esm Ee M. Bijnens, Tim S. Nawrot
Summary: The study found that there is a correlation between telomere length at birth and later in life in both children and adults. The ranking of telomere length tends to be stable over time, indicating the importance of understanding the initial setting of newborn telomere length and its significance for later life. Additionally, longer maternal telomere length is associated with lower telomere attrition in the next generation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Axel Karow, Monika Haubitz, Elisabeth Oppliger Leibundgut, Ingrid Helsen, Nicole Preising, Daniela Steiner, Tobias M. Dantonello, Roland A. Ammann, Jochen Roessler, Mutlu Kartal-Kaess, Alexander Roeth, Gabriela M. Baerlocher
Summary: The study found significant differences in telomere length and telomerase activity in lymphoblasts of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. High-risk pediatric ALL patients had higher telomerase activity, and the telomerase inhibitor imetelstat showed significant dose-dependent apoptosis of B-ALL cells. Telomere length and telomerase activity may serve as complementary markers for identifying high-risk ALL patients, and telomerase inhibitors like imetelstat could enhance standard ALL treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Nirodhi Namika Dasanayaka, Nirmala Dushyanthi Sirisena, Nilakshi Samaranayake
Summary: This study found associations between long-term meditation and telomere length, expression of hTERT and hTR genes, and methylation of the promoter region of hTERT gene. Meditators had longer telomeres, higher expression of hTERT and hTR genes, and lower methylation level of the promoter region of hTERT gene compared to non-meditators. These findings suggest that meditation as a lifestyle practice has multi-level beneficial effects on telomere dynamics, potentially promoting healthy aging.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Margaux Chene, Marina Sanchez-Rico, Carlos Blanco, Rachel Pascal De Raykeer, Cecile Hanon, Pierre Vandel, Frederic Limosin, Nicolas Hoertel
Summary: In older adults with major psychiatric disorders, all psychiatric symptoms are associated with increased mortality, mainly through a general psychopathology dimension. No BPRS item or lower order factor has a significant effect on mortality beyond the general psychopathology factor. Greater number of medical conditions, older age, male sex, and being hospitalized or institutionalized at baseline are significantly associated with this increased risk, independently from the general psychopathology factor.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
P. A. Geoffroy, C. M. Schroder, P. Bourgin, J. Maruani, M. Lejoyeux, M. -P. d'Ortho, C. Couffignal, P. Philip, I. Arnulf, S. Royant-Parola, D. Leger, B. Gohier, F. Gagnadoux, A. Amad, I. Poirot, R. Gaillard, F. Limosin, R. Delorme, R. Jardri, P. Fossati, C. Dubertret, B. Rolland, B. Etain, F. Vorspan, B. Aouizerate, P. Courtet, J. L. Castroman, E. Haffen, D. Drapier, A. Dereux, R. Schwan, A. Luquiens, B. Abril, M. Auriacombe, A. Benyamina, R. Lopez, M. Grall-Bronnec, D. Bennabi, J. Frija-Masson, J. -A. Micoulaud Franchii, T. Schwitzer, J. -B. Maranci, U. K. Huck
Summary: To better identify biomarkers of sleep and biological rhythms and validate more homogeneous subgroups of patients with depressive disorders, a French national cohort was built. A Delphi process was conducted to achieve consensus and establish a validated data collection set of questionnaires to assess psychiatry, addiction, sleep, and chronobiology dimensions of depressive disorders.
ENCEPHALE-REVUE DE PSYCHIATRIE CLINIQUE BIOLOGIQUE ET THERAPEUTIQUE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Aiste Lengvenyte, Robertas Strumila, Raoul Belzeaux, Bruno Aouizerate, Caroline Dubertret, Emmanuel Haffen, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Paul Roux, Mircea Polosan, Raymund Schwan, Michel Walter, Thierry D' Amato, Dominique Januel, Marion Leboyer, Frank Bellivier, Bruno Etain, Alvydas Navickas, Emilie Olie, Philippe Courtet
Summary: Studies suggest that inflammation is increased in some patients with depression, and peripheral inflammatory markers are associated with certain depressive symptoms. However, research on bipolar disorders mainly focuses on blood cytokines. In this study, data from a large cohort of individuals with bipolar disorder were analyzed to examine the association between peripheral blood cell counts and depression severity, symptoms, and dimensions.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Benedicte Nobile, Ophelia Godin, Sebastien Gard, Ludovic Samalin, Georges Brousse, Josephine Loftus, Valerie Aubin, Raoul Belzeaux, Caroline Dubertret, Yann Le Strat, Nicolas Mazer, Alix de Premorel, Paul Roux, Mircea Polosan, Thomas Schwintzer, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Isabelle Biseul, Bruno Etain, Remi Moirand, Emilie Olie, Emmanuel Haffen, Marion Leboyer, Philippe Courtet, Sebastien Guillaume, Romain Icick
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the psychiatric and nonpsychiatric correlates of tobacco smoking status in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). The findings showed that current smokers had higher levels of depression, anxiety, and impulsivity compared to former and never-smokers. Current smokers were also at a higher risk of comorbid substance use disorders and metabolic syndrome. Therefore, there is a strong need to implement strategies to treat tobacco addiction in the BD population.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Julia Maruani, Fanny Moliere, Ophelia Godin, Antoine Yrondi, Djamila Bennabi., Raphaelle Richieri., Wissan El-Hage, Etienne Allauze, Loic Anguill, Alexandra Bouvard, Vincent Camus, Jean-Michel Dorey, Bruno Etain, Guillaume Fond, Jean-Baptiste Genty, Emmanuel Haffen, Jerome Holtzmann, Mathilde Horn, Francois Kazour, Anne-Sophie Nguon, Jean Petrucci, Romain Rey, Florian Stephan, Guillaume Vaiva, Michel Walter, Michel Lejoyeux, Marion Leboyer, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Philippe Courtet, Bruno Aouizerate, Pierre A. Geoffroy
Summary: Patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) are at risk of suicide. Sleep and circadian rhythm alterations, including excessive daytime sleepiness and daytime dysfunction, are predictors of suicidal ideations. Hypnotics intake is associated with a reduced risk of suicidal ideations in TRD patients.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Benedicte Nobile, Raoul Belzeaux, Bruno Aouizerate, Caroline Dubertret, Emmanuel Haffen, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Paul Roux, Mircea Polosan, Raymund Schwan, Michel Walter, Romain Rey, Dominique Januel, Marion Leboyer, Frank Bellivier, Bruno Etain, Philippe Courtet, Emilie Olie
Summary: Suicidal ideation is a major suicide risk factor and it is important to identify individuals with such thoughts. Discrepancies between clinicians and patients' estimation of suicidal ideation can lead to under-evaluation of suicide risk. This study aimed to identify features associated with rating discrepancies in bipolar disorder patients.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Filippo Corponi, Antoine Lefrere, Marion Leboyer, Frank Bellivier, Ophelia Godin, Josephine Loftus, Philippe Courtet, Caroline Dubertret, Emmanuel Haffen, Pierre Michel Llorca, Paul Roux, Mircea Polosan, Raymund Schwan, Ludovic Samalin, Emilie Olie, Bruno Etain, Fondamental Acad Centers Expertise Bipolar Disorder, Peggy Series, Raoul Belzeaux
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between different age cut-offs for early onset bipolar disorder (BD) and neurodevelopmental pathways. The results show that defining early onset as <=17 years best distinguishes neurodevelopmental patterns. These findings can improve patient stratification in future studies on BD pathophysiology and biomarkers.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ophelia Godin, Marion Leboyer, Diane Grillault Laroche, Valerie Aubin, Raoul Belzeaux, Philippe Courtet, Caroline Dubertret, Sebastien Gard, Emmanuel Haffen, Emilie Olie, Mircea Polosan, Paul Roux, Ludovic Samalin, Raymund Schwan, Frank Bellivier, Bruno Etain
Summary: This study found an association between childhood maltreatment and the prevalence of medical disorders in individuals with bipolar disorders. It also identified several factors, such as sex, age, body mass index, and sleep disturbances, that were related to medical morbidity. Consequently, assessing childhood maltreatment in individuals with bipolar disorders is important for their future physical health.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Nicolas Ortonne, Morgane Cheminant, Julie Bruneau, Sylvain Carras, Vincent Parinet, Laura Pelletier, Laetitia Lacroix, Jerome Giustiniani, Ludovic Lhermitte, Vahid Asnafi, Maxime Battistella, Francois Lemonnier, Laurence De Leval, Helene Sicard, Cecile Bonnafous, Laurent Gauthier, Laurent Genestier, Stefano Caruso, Philippe Gaulard, Olivier Hermine
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Valentin Flaudias, Ludovic Samalin, Ophelia Godin, Sebastien Gard, Georges Brousse, Josephine Loftus, Valerie Aubin, Raoul Belzeaux, Caroline Dubertret, Yann Le Strat, Nicolas Mazer, Alix de Premorel, Paul Roux, Mircea Polosan, Thomas Schwitzer, Bruno Aouizerate, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Isabelle Biseul, Bruno Etain, Remi Moirand, Emilie Olie, Emmanuel Haffen, Marion Leboyer, Philippe Courtet, Romain Icick, Sebastien Guillaume
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between eating disorders (EDs) and bipolar disorder (BD) types. The results showed that BD2 patients had a higher prevalence of EDs compared to BD1 patients. Factors such as age, gender, body mass index, affective lability, and comorbidity with anxiety disorders were associated with EDs in BD patients. There were no significant differences in EDs between different BD types.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Guillaume Fond, Melanie Faugere, Laurent Boyer, Pauline Peri, Florian Stephan, Fanny Moliere, Loic Anguill, Djamila Bennabi, Emmanuel Haffen, Alexandra Bouvard, Michel Walter, Ludovic Samalin, Pierre Michel Llorca, Jean Baptiste Genty, Marion Leboyer, Jerome Holtzmann, Anne Sophie Nguon, Romain Rey, Mathilde Horna, Guillaume Vaiva, Vincent Hennion, Bruno Etain, Wissam El-Hage, Vincent Camus, Philippe Courtet, Bruno Aouizerate, Antoine Yrondi, Christophe Lancon, Raphaelle Richieri
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of long-term use of benzodiazepines in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and found that persistent use of benzodiazepines was associated with worse mental health outcomes. Less than 5% of patients successfully withdrew from benzodiazepines during one-year follow-up. The study suggests that gradual and planned withdrawal of benzodiazepines should be recommended in TRD patients with long-term use, and alternative treatments should be promoted whenever possible.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stevan Nikolin, Adriano Moffa, Lais Razza, Donel Martin, Andre R. Brunoni, Ulrich Palm, Frank Padberg, Djamila Bennabi, Emmanuel Haffen, Daniel M. Blumberger, Mohammad Ali Salehinejad, Colleen K. Loo
Summary: Prefrontal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) shows promise as an effective treatment for depression. Factors influencing treatment and the time-course of symptom improvements were explored using data from ten randomised controlled trials of tDCS in depression. The study found that tDCS effect sizes peaked at approximately 6 weeks and continued to diverge from sham up to 10 weeks, with significant predictors associated with treatment response being baseline depression severity and bipolar disorder.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Alexis Vancappel, Yecodji Dansou, Ophelia Godin, Emmanuel Haffen, Antoine Yrondi, Florian Stephan, Raphaelle Marie Richieri, Fanny Moliere, Jerome Holtzmann, Mathilde Horn, Etienne Allauze, Jean Baptiste Genty, Alex Bouvard, Jean-Michel Dorey, Vincent Hennion, Vincent Camus, Guillaume Fond, Barbara Peran, Michel Walter, Loic Anguill, Charlotte Scotto D'apolina, Estelle Vila, Benjamin Fredembach, Jean Petrucci, Romain Rey, Anne Sophie Nguon, Bruno Etain, Mathilde Carminati, Philippe Courtet, Guillaume Vaiva, Pierre Michel Llorca, Marion Leboyer, Bruno Aouizerate, Djamila Bennabi, Wissam El Hage
Summary: This study examines the relationship between cognitive impairments and treatment response in patients with treatment-resistant depression. The findings suggest that cognitive scores improve after therapeutic response, with greater improvement observed in patients with better treatment response. Therefore, cognitive remediation should be provided after therapeutic response to enhance patients' daily functioning.
Meeting Abstract
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ana Maria Passos-Castilho, Donald Murphy, Karine Blouin, Marina B. Klein, Julie Bruneau, Andrea Benedetti, Jeff Kwong, Beate Sander, Naveed Janjua, Christina Greenaway
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Immunology
Wan-Ju Cheng, Hong-Mo Shih, Kuan-Pin Su, Po-Ren Hsueh
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Felipe Kenji Sudo, Talita P. Pinto, Fernanda G. Q. Barros-Aragao, Ivanei Bramati, Theo F. Marins, Marina Monteiro, Fernanda Meireles, Rejane Soares, Pilar Erthal, Victor Calil, Naima Assuncao, Natalia Oliveira, Joana Bondarovsky, Camila Lima, Beatriz Chagas, Alana Batista, Julia Lins, Thais L. Pinheiro, Felippe Mendonca, Andrea Silveira de Souza, Fernanda C. Rodrigues, Gabriel R. de Freitas, Pedro Kurtz, Paulo Mattos, Erika C. Rodrigues, Fernanda G. De Felice, Fernanda Tovar-Moll
Summary: Post-COVID-19 Condition (PCC) is a multisystemic syndrome that persists for months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, affecting cognitive function and neuropsychiatric features. A study on COVID-19 survivors in Brazil found that these patients experienced significant difficulties in overall cognition, memory, working memory, and inhibitory control, as well as fatigue, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. In addition, elevated levels of inflammatory markers in the blood were associated with brain microstructural damage and cognitive impairments.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Letter
Immunology
Tieh-Cheng Fu, Juei-Chao Chen, Ching-Mao Chang
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Aastha Dheer, Dale B. Bosco, Jiaying Zheng, Lingxiao Wang, Shunyi Zhao, Koichiro Haruwaka, Min-Hee Yi, Abhijeet Barath, Dai-Shi Tian, Long-Jun Wu
Summary: Microglial activation plays a crucial role in the pathology of epilepsy, with both acute and prolonged activation affecting seizure severity and neuronal loss.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Julie B. Rosenberg, Jens Richardt Mollegaard Jepsen, Parisa Mohammadzadeh, Astrid Sevelsted, Rebecca Vinding, Mikkel E. Sorensen, David Horner, Kristina Aagaard, Birgitte Fagerlund, Susanne Brix, Nilofar Folsgaard, Ann -Marie M. Schoos, Jakob Stokholm, Bo Chawes, Christos Pantelis, Soren Dalsgaard, Birte Y. Glenthoj, Niels Bilenberg, Klaus Bonnelykke, Bjorn H. Ebdrup
Summary: Clinical data demonstrates a strong association between prenatal maternal inflammation assessed by hs-CRP and a diagnosis of ADHD by age 10. Maternal inflammation is also associated with ADHD symptom load in the entire cohort.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Suzanne M. Green-Fulgham, Michael J. Lacagnina, Kendal F. Willcox, Jiahe Li, Michael E. Harland, Adriano Polican Ciena, Igor R. Correia Rocha, Jayson B. Ball, Renee A. Dreher, Younus A. Zuberi, Joseph M. Dragavon, Marucia Chacur, Steven F. Maier, Linda R. Watkins, Peter M. Grace
Summary: Regular aerobic activity, specifically voluntary wheel running, can reduce the risk of chronic pain by inhibiting MAC and preserving myelin integrity at the site of peripheral nerve injury.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
India Boyton, Stella M. Valenzuela, Lyndsey E. Collins-Praino, Andrew Care
Summary: Neuronanomedicine is a multidisciplinary field that aims to develop innovative nanotechnologies for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Nanoparticles are an important component of neuronanomedicine, as they can improve drug properties and enhance safety and delivery across the blood-brain barrier. However, a major challenge for neuronanomedicine translation is the poor understanding of bio-nano interactions, partly due to inconsistent reporting in published works. This review provides specific recommendations to guide researchers in harnessing the unique properties of nanoparticles for breakthrough treatments of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Celine De Looze, Cathal McCrory, Aisling O'Halloran, Silvia Polidoro, Rose Anne Kenny, Joanne Feeney
Summary: Our study found that subjective measures of stress and biological metrics may be independently associated with cognitive function over time in older adults, hinting at potential different underlying mechanisms.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Beatrice Bravi, Elisa Maria Teresa Melloni, Marco Paolini, Mariagrazia Palladini, Federico Calesella, Laura Servidio, Elena Agnoletto, Sara Poletti, Cristina Lorenzi, Cristina Colombo, Francesco Benedetti
Summary: Depressed patients show changes in immune-inflammatory markers in their blood and cerebrospinal fluid. The Choroid Plexus, located at the base of the brain ventricles, plays a key role in regulating the exchange of substances between the brain and immune cells. Patients with bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder have larger Choroid Plexus volumes compared to healthy controls. Age and levels of circulating cytokines are associated with Choroid Plexus volumes in the clinical groups.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Mingxuan Zheng, Huaiyu Ye, Xiaoying Yang, Lijun Shen, Xuemei Dang, Xiaoli Liu, Yuying Gong, Qingyuan Wu, Li Wang, Xing Ge, Xiaoli Fang, Benchi Hou, Peng Zhang, Renxian Tang, Kuiyang Zheng, Xu-Feng Huang, Yinghua Yu
Summary: Obesity is linked to cognitive dysfunction and neurodegenerative disease. The connection between the gut microbiota and the brain is altered in obesity. The probiotic Clostridium butyricum can improve cognitive impairment caused by obesity and prevent gut microbiota dysbiosis and inflammation.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Edward Drydale, Phalguni Rath, Katie Holden, Gregory Holt, Laurissa Havins, Thomas Johnson, James Bancroft, Lahiru Handunnetthi
Summary: This study created a novel three-dimensional neurosphere assay using induced pluripotent stem cell differentiation and live cell imaging techniques to investigate the effect of a simulated viral infection on cortical development. The findings demonstrated that the infection led to reduced radial glial growth and neural migration.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Yuancheng Weng, Ningting Chen, Rui Zhang, Jian He, Xukai Ding, Guo Cheng, Qianqian Bi, Ying-mei Lu, Xiao Z. Shen, Shu Wan, Peng Shi
Summary: This study reveals that microglia is the primary cellular source of PDGFB in adults, and microglial PDGFB is crucial for maintaining BBB integrity in adult mice.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Evan A. Bordt, Haley A. Moya, Young Chan Jo, Caitlin T. Ravichandran, Izabella M. Bankowski, Alexis M. Ceasrine, Christopher J. Mcdougle, William A. Carlezon Jr, Staci D. Bilbo
Summary: There is a strong male bias in many neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder, but the mechanisms behind this bias are unknown. Infection during the perinatal period increases the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders. Using a mouse model, researchers found that early-life immune activation only induced deficits in social behaviors in male mice. These behavioral changes were associated with alterations in microglial immune signaling, mitochondrial morphology, gene expression, and function specifically in microglia, the brain's innate immune cells. Furthermore, the vulnerability to early-life immune activation and its effects on behavior and microglial mitochondria were programmed by the male-typical perinatal gonadal hormone surge. These findings highlight the role of microglia-specific mechanisms shaped by early developmental events in regulating male social behavior throughout lifespan.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Maria Amalia Di Castro, Stefano Garofalo, Alessandro Mormino, Laura Carbonari, Erika Di Pietro, Eleonora De Felice, Myriam Catalano, Laura Maggi, Cristina Limatola
Summary: Cytokines, such as interleukin-15 (IL-15), play important roles in modulating the central nervous system (CNS). In this study, the authors found that exposure to IL-15 enhances GABA release and reduces glutamatergic currents in hippocampal slices. Chronic treatment with IL-15 has negative effects on memory formation. Serotonin is involved in mediating these effects, as a selective 5-HT3A receptor antagonist prevents the effects on inhibitory neurotransmission and improves performance in a memory test.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Nikhitha Sreenivas, Michael Maes, Hansashree Padmanabha, Apoorva Dharmendra, Priyanka Chakkera, Saptamita Paul Choudhury, Fazal Abdul, Thrinath Mullapudi, Vykuntaraju K. Gowda, Michael Berk, John Vijay Sagar Kommu, Monojit Debnath
Summary: Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are a spectrum of conditions with both common and differing characteristics in terms of phenome, symptomatome, neuropathology, risk factors and underlying mechanisms. This study investigates the possibility of a shared immune etiology among three early-onset NDDs, namely Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Intellectual Disability Disorder (IDD).
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)