Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Meena S. Subbarayan, Aurelie Joly-Amado, Paula C. Bickford, Kevin R. Nash
Summary: Neuroinflammation, mediated by CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling, plays a significant role in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. CX3CL1 acts as a modulator, reducing inflammatory responses and exerting neuroprotective effects. However, it can also promote neurodegeneration. This review provides an overview of the complex nature of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling in various neurodegenerative diseases.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Diana Hamdan, Lisa A. Robinson
Summary: CX(3)CL1 is a key chemokine involved in kidney disease, playing diverse roles beyond leukocyte recruitment, including cell survival and immunoregulation. Understanding how CX(3)CL1 expression and function are regulated is essential to harness its therapeutic potential.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Sarah Cormican, Matthew D. Griffin
Summary: Innate immune cells play a key role in kidney inflammation and fibrosis, with the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signaling pathway being closely linked to acute and chronic kidney diseases. Targeting this pathway may offer potential benefits for patients with CKD.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yinhua Ni, Fen Zhuge, Liyang Ni, Naoto Nagata, Tatsuya Yamashita, Naofumi Mukaida, Shuichi Kaneko, Tsuguhito Ota, Mayumi Nagashimada
Summary: This study investigates the roles of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 in macrophage migration and polarization in the livers of NASH mice. It is found that CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 expression is upregulated in NASH mice livers, and CX3CR1 is predominantly expressed by F4/80+ macrophages. CX3CR1 deficiency leads to increased inflammatory monocyte/macrophage infiltration and a shift towards M1 dominant macrophages, exacerbating NASH progression. Deletion of CCL2 in CX3CR1-deficient mice alleviates NASH progression by reducing macrophage infiltration and inducing a shift towards M2 dominant macrophages.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Nur Balci, Ali Cekici, Sivge Kurgan, Selin Sahinkaya, Muhittin A. Serdar
Summary: This study aimed to determine differences in GCF and serum levels of fractalkine/CX3CL1 and its receptor/CX3CR1 between patients with periodontitis and healthy subjects. The results showed significantly higher levels of these factors in periodontitis patients, indicating a potential role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease through regulation of inflammation.
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shi-sen Wang, Zi-jun Xu, Ye Jin, Ji-chun Ma, Pei-hui Xia, Xiangmei Wen, Zhen-wei Mao, Jiang Lin, Jun Qian
Summary: The study found that CXCL12 expression is significantly reduced in AML, and low CXCL12 expression is correlated with worse prognosis, predicting decreased overall survival and event-free survival rates.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
M. Flamant, N. Mougenot, E. Balse, L. Le Fevre, F. Atassi, E. L. Gautier, W. Le Goff, M. Keck, S. Nadaud, C. Combadiere, A. Boissonnas, C. Pavoine
Summary: The study reveals a transient protective role of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis in early cardiac hypertrophy remodeling, delaying the transition to heart failure by interactions between MΦ and cardiomyocytes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Julian Leberzammer, Stijn M. Agten, Xavier Blanchet, Rundan Duan, Hans Ippel, Remco T. A. Megens, Christian Schulz, Maria Aslani, Johan Duchene, Yvonne Doring, Natalie J. Jooss, Pengyu Zhang, Richard Brandl, Konstantin Stark, Wolfgang Siess, Kerstin Jurk, Johan W. M. Heemskerk, Tilman M. Hackeng, Kevin H. Mayo, Christian Weber, Philipp von Hundelshausen
Summary: The study explored the molecular mechanisms of CXCL12 in arterial thrombosis, revealing that inhibition of CXCR4 can attenuate platelet aggregation and limit arterial thrombosis. Mechanistically, CXCL12 activates Btk leading to platelet aggregation, while the interaction between CXCL12 and CCL5 can inhibit this process. A novel peptide was found to inhibit CXCL12-induced platelet aggregation without prolonging bleeding time.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anastasia Sarikidi, Ekaterini Kefalakes, Christine S. Falk, Ruth Esser, Arnold Ganser, Nadine Thau-Habermann, Susanne Petri
Summary: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal motor neuron disease. Human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) have been suggested to prolong motor neuron survival by secreting growth factors and modulating cytokines/chemokines. However, the direct trophic effects of hMSCs are marginal, and they mainly provide support through gene regulation and anti-inflammatory responses.
Article
Immunology
Yue Sun, Xiao-Xin Zhang, Shan Huang, Hong Pan, Yan-Zhi Gai, Yao-Qi Zhou, Lei Zhu, Hui-Zhen Nie, Dong-Xue Li
Summary: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with distant metastasis, particularly to the liver. Diet-induced obesity (DIO) has been identified as a risk factor for PDAC, but its role in liver metastasis is not well understood. This study demonstrated that DIO promoted PDAC liver metastasis via the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Daniel J. Sprague, Anthony E. Getschman, Tyler G. Fenske, Brian F. Volkman, Brian C. Smith
Summary: The CXCL12-CXCR4 signaling axis plays a critical role in development, immune function, and various diseases, including cancer and inflammatory diseases. A study has identified trisubstituted 1,3,5-triazines as competent ligands for the sY12-binding pocket of CXCL12, improving drug efficiency and offering new possibilities for therapeutic development and structural studies.
ACS MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yousef Faridvand, Maryam Nemati, Elham Zamani-Gharehchamani, Hamid Reza Nejabati, Arezoo Rezaie Nezhad Zamani, Samira Nozari, Nasser Safaie, Mohammad Nouri, Ahmadreza Jodati
Summary: The current study demonstrates that dapagliflozin ameliorates inflammation and oxidative stress in LPS-treated H9c2 cells by reducing the levels of MDA, ROS, and TNF-α. Additionally, dapagliflozin reduces the expression of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 and attenuates NF-kappa B p65 DNA binding activity, thus alleviating LPS-induced injury in H9c2 cells.
CURRENT MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pierfrancesco Pagella, Cesar Nombela-Arrieta, Thimios A. Mitsiadis
Summary: Specific stem cell populations within dental mesenchymal tissues ensure tooth homeostasis and regeneration, with the decision between renewal and differentiation influenced by interactions with stromal cells and extracellular matrix molecules. The Cxcl12 chemokine, a general marker of stromal cells, plays crucial roles in stem cell maintenance, mobilization, and migration. Using Cxcl12-GFP transgenic mice, this study revealed widespread expression of Cxcl12 in intact and injured teeth, highlighting its significance in various dental mesenchymal stem cell niches.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Chris A. Campbell, Marie D. Burdick, Robert M. Strieter
Summary: This study revealed that patients who form keloids have elevated levels of circulating fibrocytes, increased expression of CXCR4, and upregulated levels of CXCL12. Keloid specimens showed significantly higher expression of CXCL12 compared to normal scars.
ANNALS OF PLASTIC SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yusuke Kamihara, Sayaka Murai, Shohei Kikuchi, Akinori Wada, Jun Murakami, Nam H. Dang, Tsutomu Sato
Summary: Tumor-to-tumor metastasis is a rare phenomenon, and this case is the first reported instance of DLBCL metastasizing to primary gastric adenocarcinoma. The immunohistochemical staining results support the involvement of the CXCL12(SDF-1)/CXCR4 axis in this metastasis process. The patient achieved complete remission after chemotherapy.
BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Immunology
Wan-Ju Cheng, Hong-Mo Shih, Kuan-Pin Su, Po-Ren Hsueh
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Felipe Kenji Sudo, Talita P. Pinto, Fernanda G. Q. Barros-Aragao, Ivanei Bramati, Theo F. Marins, Marina Monteiro, Fernanda Meireles, Rejane Soares, Pilar Erthal, Victor Calil, Naima Assuncao, Natalia Oliveira, Joana Bondarovsky, Camila Lima, Beatriz Chagas, Alana Batista, Julia Lins, Thais L. Pinheiro, Felippe Mendonca, Andrea Silveira de Souza, Fernanda C. Rodrigues, Gabriel R. de Freitas, Pedro Kurtz, Paulo Mattos, Erika C. Rodrigues, Fernanda G. De Felice, Fernanda Tovar-Moll
Summary: Post-COVID-19 Condition (PCC) is a multisystemic syndrome that persists for months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, affecting cognitive function and neuropsychiatric features. A study on COVID-19 survivors in Brazil found that these patients experienced significant difficulties in overall cognition, memory, working memory, and inhibitory control, as well as fatigue, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. In addition, elevated levels of inflammatory markers in the blood were associated with brain microstructural damage and cognitive impairments.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Letter
Immunology
Tieh-Cheng Fu, Juei-Chao Chen, Ching-Mao Chang
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Aastha Dheer, Dale B. Bosco, Jiaying Zheng, Lingxiao Wang, Shunyi Zhao, Koichiro Haruwaka, Min-Hee Yi, Abhijeet Barath, Dai-Shi Tian, Long-Jun Wu
Summary: Microglial activation plays a crucial role in the pathology of epilepsy, with both acute and prolonged activation affecting seizure severity and neuronal loss.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Julie B. Rosenberg, Jens Richardt Mollegaard Jepsen, Parisa Mohammadzadeh, Astrid Sevelsted, Rebecca Vinding, Mikkel E. Sorensen, David Horner, Kristina Aagaard, Birgitte Fagerlund, Susanne Brix, Nilofar Folsgaard, Ann -Marie M. Schoos, Jakob Stokholm, Bo Chawes, Christos Pantelis, Soren Dalsgaard, Birte Y. Glenthoj, Niels Bilenberg, Klaus Bonnelykke, Bjorn H. Ebdrup
Summary: Clinical data demonstrates a strong association between prenatal maternal inflammation assessed by hs-CRP and a diagnosis of ADHD by age 10. Maternal inflammation is also associated with ADHD symptom load in the entire cohort.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Suzanne M. Green-Fulgham, Michael J. Lacagnina, Kendal F. Willcox, Jiahe Li, Michael E. Harland, Adriano Polican Ciena, Igor R. Correia Rocha, Jayson B. Ball, Renee A. Dreher, Younus A. Zuberi, Joseph M. Dragavon, Marucia Chacur, Steven F. Maier, Linda R. Watkins, Peter M. Grace
Summary: Regular aerobic activity, specifically voluntary wheel running, can reduce the risk of chronic pain by inhibiting MAC and preserving myelin integrity at the site of peripheral nerve injury.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
India Boyton, Stella M. Valenzuela, Lyndsey E. Collins-Praino, Andrew Care
Summary: Neuronanomedicine is a multidisciplinary field that aims to develop innovative nanotechnologies for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Nanoparticles are an important component of neuronanomedicine, as they can improve drug properties and enhance safety and delivery across the blood-brain barrier. However, a major challenge for neuronanomedicine translation is the poor understanding of bio-nano interactions, partly due to inconsistent reporting in published works. This review provides specific recommendations to guide researchers in harnessing the unique properties of nanoparticles for breakthrough treatments of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Celine De Looze, Cathal McCrory, Aisling O'Halloran, Silvia Polidoro, Rose Anne Kenny, Joanne Feeney
Summary: Our study found that subjective measures of stress and biological metrics may be independently associated with cognitive function over time in older adults, hinting at potential different underlying mechanisms.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Beatrice Bravi, Elisa Maria Teresa Melloni, Marco Paolini, Mariagrazia Palladini, Federico Calesella, Laura Servidio, Elena Agnoletto, Sara Poletti, Cristina Lorenzi, Cristina Colombo, Francesco Benedetti
Summary: Depressed patients show changes in immune-inflammatory markers in their blood and cerebrospinal fluid. The Choroid Plexus, located at the base of the brain ventricles, plays a key role in regulating the exchange of substances between the brain and immune cells. Patients with bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder have larger Choroid Plexus volumes compared to healthy controls. Age and levels of circulating cytokines are associated with Choroid Plexus volumes in the clinical groups.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Mingxuan Zheng, Huaiyu Ye, Xiaoying Yang, Lijun Shen, Xuemei Dang, Xiaoli Liu, Yuying Gong, Qingyuan Wu, Li Wang, Xing Ge, Xiaoli Fang, Benchi Hou, Peng Zhang, Renxian Tang, Kuiyang Zheng, Xu-Feng Huang, Yinghua Yu
Summary: Obesity is linked to cognitive dysfunction and neurodegenerative disease. The connection between the gut microbiota and the brain is altered in obesity. The probiotic Clostridium butyricum can improve cognitive impairment caused by obesity and prevent gut microbiota dysbiosis and inflammation.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Edward Drydale, Phalguni Rath, Katie Holden, Gregory Holt, Laurissa Havins, Thomas Johnson, James Bancroft, Lahiru Handunnetthi
Summary: This study created a novel three-dimensional neurosphere assay using induced pluripotent stem cell differentiation and live cell imaging techniques to investigate the effect of a simulated viral infection on cortical development. The findings demonstrated that the infection led to reduced radial glial growth and neural migration.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Yuancheng Weng, Ningting Chen, Rui Zhang, Jian He, Xukai Ding, Guo Cheng, Qianqian Bi, Ying-mei Lu, Xiao Z. Shen, Shu Wan, Peng Shi
Summary: This study reveals that microglia is the primary cellular source of PDGFB in adults, and microglial PDGFB is crucial for maintaining BBB integrity in adult mice.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Evan A. Bordt, Haley A. Moya, Young Chan Jo, Caitlin T. Ravichandran, Izabella M. Bankowski, Alexis M. Ceasrine, Christopher J. Mcdougle, William A. Carlezon Jr, Staci D. Bilbo
Summary: There is a strong male bias in many neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder, but the mechanisms behind this bias are unknown. Infection during the perinatal period increases the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders. Using a mouse model, researchers found that early-life immune activation only induced deficits in social behaviors in male mice. These behavioral changes were associated with alterations in microglial immune signaling, mitochondrial morphology, gene expression, and function specifically in microglia, the brain's innate immune cells. Furthermore, the vulnerability to early-life immune activation and its effects on behavior and microglial mitochondria were programmed by the male-typical perinatal gonadal hormone surge. These findings highlight the role of microglia-specific mechanisms shaped by early developmental events in regulating male social behavior throughout lifespan.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Maria Amalia Di Castro, Stefano Garofalo, Alessandro Mormino, Laura Carbonari, Erika Di Pietro, Eleonora De Felice, Myriam Catalano, Laura Maggi, Cristina Limatola
Summary: Cytokines, such as interleukin-15 (IL-15), play important roles in modulating the central nervous system (CNS). In this study, the authors found that exposure to IL-15 enhances GABA release and reduces glutamatergic currents in hippocampal slices. Chronic treatment with IL-15 has negative effects on memory formation. Serotonin is involved in mediating these effects, as a selective 5-HT3A receptor antagonist prevents the effects on inhibitory neurotransmission and improves performance in a memory test.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)
Article
Immunology
Nikhitha Sreenivas, Michael Maes, Hansashree Padmanabha, Apoorva Dharmendra, Priyanka Chakkera, Saptamita Paul Choudhury, Fazal Abdul, Thrinath Mullapudi, Vykuntaraju K. Gowda, Michael Berk, John Vijay Sagar Kommu, Monojit Debnath
Summary: Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are a spectrum of conditions with both common and differing characteristics in terms of phenome, symptomatome, neuropathology, risk factors and underlying mechanisms. This study investigates the possibility of a shared immune etiology among three early-onset NDDs, namely Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Intellectual Disability Disorder (IDD).
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2024)