Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Shuaiqi Tang, Shaocheng Xie, Zhun Guo, Song-You Hong, Boualem Khouider, Daniel Klocke, Martin Kohler, Myung-Seo Koo, Phani Murali Krishna, Vincent E. Larson, Sungsu Park, Paul A. Vaillancourt, Yi-Chi Wang, Jing Yang, Chimene L. Daleu, Cameron R. Homeyer, Todd R. Jones, Neelam Malap, Roel Neggers, Thara Prabhakaran, Enver Ramirez, Courtney Schumacher, Cheng Tao, Peter Bechtold, Hsi-Yen Ma, J. David Neelin, Xubin Zeng
Summary: General Circulation Models (GCMs) have difficulty in accurately modeling the diurnal cycle of precipitation, particularly in representing the interactions between convection and environmental conditions. Unified convection schemes improve the simulation of precipitation onset time, while the performance of models in capturing deep convection influences accuracy. Detecting elevated convection is crucial for simulating nocturnal precipitation, highlighting the importance of model capability in this aspect.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Costa Christopoulos, Tapio Schneider
Summary: The diurnal cycle in CMIP6 models shows significant biases in the timing of peak precipitation, especially over land. Additionally, the diurnal phase of oceanic precipitation correlates weakly with the equilibrium climate sensitivity in CMIP6 models.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qiwen Hu, Tingting Li, Xi Deng, Tongwen Wu, Panmao Zhai, Danqing Huang, Xingwang Fan, Yakun Zhu, Yongcheng Lin, Xiucheng Xiao, Xianyan Chen, Xiaosong Zhao, Lili Wang, Zhangcai Qin
Summary: Earth system models have been widely used to simulate global terrestrial carbon fluxes, including gross primary production (GPP) and net primary production (NPP). This study evaluated the model performance of 22 ESMs participating in the CMIP5 and CMIP6 projects, finding that the multi-model ensembles (MME) outperformed individual models in simulating GPP and NPP. Despite improvements in CMIP6 compared to CMIP5, there is still much work needed to enhance the performance of individual ESMs and the overall CMIP. Future work should focus on more comprehensive model mechanisms and higher resolution coupling of land surface and atmospheric/oceanic schemes.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
A. C. Fitch
Summary: Modifications to the stratocumulus cloud turbulence and entrainment parametrizations in the Open Integrated Forecasting System (OpenIFS) model are performed to improve its representation ability. However, some issues still persist, such as underestimation of the subtropical boundary-layer deepening rate and excessive mixing in the Arctic boundary layer. The discussed modifications lead to some improvement in the model, but there is still room for further progress.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Andrea Pisano, Daniele Ciani, Salvatore Marullo, Rosalia Santoleri, Bruno Buongiorno Nardelli
Summary: The Copernicus Marine Service has developed a new operational MED DOISST product, which provides hourly mean maps of subskin sea surface temperature (SST) over the Mediterranean Sea. This product combines satellite data and model analyses to provide accurate estimates of hourly SSTs and can accurately reconstruct diurnal warming events in the Mediterranean Sea.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Patrick Le Moigne, Eric Bazile, Anning Cheng, Emanuel Dutra, John M. Edwards, William Maurel, Irina Sandu, Olivier Traulle, Etienne Vignon, Ayrton Zadra, Weizhong Zheng
Summary: This paper compares different snow models of varying complexity used on the Antarctic plateau, showing that simple models can accurately reproduce surface temperature with appropriate surface parameters. The diversity of surface parameters strongly impacts numerical simulations and can lead to errors in surface temperature estimation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
K. Ashin, M. S. Girishkumar, Eric D'Asaro, J. Jofia, V. R. Sherin, N. Sureshkumar, E. Pattabhi Ram Rao
Summary: Vertical microstructure profile observations in the northeastern Arabian Sea indicate the formation of salt fingers in the diurnal thermocline region during the daytime. The conditions in the diurnal thermocline layer, such as favorable Turner angle values and weak shear-driven mixing, contribute to the presence of salt fingers. The unusual daytime salinity maximum in the mixed layer is primarily attributed to a reduction in vertical entrainment of fresh water and other contributing factors.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xavier Calbet, Cintia Carbajal Henken, Sergio DeSouza-Machado, Bomin Sun, Tony Reale
Summary: Water vapor concentration structures in the atmosphere exhibit characteristics of Gaussian random fields at small scales, following the Kolmogorov's theory of turbulence. This has been proven through measurements from satellite instruments and radiosondes. These findings are important for high-resolution modeling of water vapor and for accurate weather forecasting or nowcasting.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Oceanography
Kenneth G. Hughes, James N. Moum, Emily L. Shroyer, William D. Smyth
Summary: The study shows that under low and high wind conditions, the mixing of surface heat differs significantly. Under moderate winds, the shear instability persists, but the stabilizing influence of the sea surface limits its growth.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Mohamed Ismaiel Ahmed, Tricia Stadnyk, Alain Pietroniro, Herve Awoye, Ajay Bajracharya, Juliane Mai, Bryan A. Tolson, Hongren Shen, James R. Craig, Mark Gervais, Kevin Sagan, Shane Wruth, Kristina Koenig, Rajtantra Lilhare, Stephen J. Dery, Scott Pokorny, Hank Venema, Ameer Muhammad, Mahkameh Taheri
Summary: Intercomparison studies are important for understanding and assessing the performance of hydrological models. A recent study compared the performance of eight models in different watersheds in Western Canada's Nelson-Churchill River Basin. Results showed that some models had difficulties in simulating streamflow and hydrological variables in Prairie watersheds, despite being well calibrated. This study provides guidance for accurate prediction of streamflow and future water resources management.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Judith Kleinheins, Nadia Shardt, Manuella El Haber, Corinne Ferronato, Barbara Noziere, Thomas Peter, Claudia Marcolli
Summary: This article provides an overview of popular models for the liquid-air surface tension of aqueous solutions and evaluates their ability to fit experimental data. It also introduces a new Sigmoid model to empirically fit the curve shapes of the surface tension data. The models perform well in reproducing the surface tension of weakly surface-active substances, but have limited success for strongly surface-active substances. The newly developed Sigmoid model shows the best performance in fitting the surface tension of all tested solutions and can be recommended for a wide range of binary mixtures and concentrations.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Edmund P. Meredith, Uwe Ulbrich, Henning W. Rust, Heimo Truhetz
Summary: The diurnal cycle of precipitation is a core mode of precipitation variability in regions dominated by convective precipitation, and extreme precipitation events are closely linked to it. Current climate models, like the EC-11 ensemble, exhibit biases in the timing and frequency of the diurnal cycle, while a convection-permitting model (CPM) shows more accurate representation, particularly for extreme events. Future changes in hourly precipitation show clear diurnal signals in both CPM and EC-11 models, with high regional variability and the signal typically peaking in the morning. The EC-11 models underestimate the amplitude of the diurnal signal compared to CPM, highlighting the advantages of using CPMs for future precipitation research at diurnal scale.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Isabela S. Matos, Mauricio O. Calvao, Ioav Waga
Summary: This paper investigates the changes in the ratio of gravitational wave and electromagnetic luminosity distances in modified gravity theories, and studies methods to constrain relevant parameters through simulated data. The conclusion suggests that probing the redshift evolution of the GW luminosity distance from detections of the ET will not substantially help in constraining f(R) theories of gravity.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chengxiang Li, Yizhou Cui, Xiaogang Shi, Jinsen Gao, Xingying Lan
Summary: This study evaluates the applicability and accuracy of three widely-used mass transfer models in the simulations of mass transfer in bubble columns. By comparing simulation results with experimental data, suggestions on choosing a proper mass transfer model are provided. The influence of bubble-induced turbulence and its different modeling approaches on different mass transfer models are also investigated.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ansgar Schanz, Klemens Hocke, Niklaus Kampfer, Simon Chabrillat, Antje Inness, Mathias Palm, Justus Notholt, Ian Boyd, Alan Parrish, Yasuko Kasai
Summary: This study compares the diurnal variation in stratospheric ozone of the MACC reanalysis, ERA-Interim, and WACCM models. Results show that MACC and WACCM perform similarly in capturing ozone diurnal cycle caused by photochemical variations, while ERA-Interim shows less variation. The global maxima of diurnal variation occur at high latitudes in summer, with MACC providing a global description of stratospheric ozone variation due to dynamics and photochemical variations.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Aristofanis Tsiringakis, Natalie E. Theeuwes, Janet F. Barlow, Gert-Jan Steeneveld
Summary: Understanding the physical processes that affect turbulent structure of the nocturnal urban boundary layer is crucial for improving air quality and temperature forecasts in urban areas. This study examines the interaction of a mesoscale low-level jet (LLJ) with the urban boundary layer during a 60-hour case study. By utilizing observations from Doppler lidars and numerical-weather-prediction models, the study analyzes differences in LLJ characteristics between an urban site (London, U.K.) and a rural site (Chilbolton, U.K.). The findings show that LLJs are elevated over the urban area due to a deeper boundary layer, and wind speed and fall-off are slightly reduced in comparison to rural LLJs. Topography is found to significantly affect LLJ characteristics, but urban influence is still substantial. Furthermore, the study reveals that the increase in wind shear under the LLJ enhances the shear production of turbulent kinetic energy and helps maintain vertical mixing in the nocturnal urban boundary layer.
BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
H. J. Jongen, G. J. Steeneveld, J. Beringer, A. Christen, N. Chrysoulakis, K. Fortuniak, J. Hong, J. W. Hong, C. M. J. Jacobs, L. Jarvi, F. Meier, W. Pawlak, M. Roth, N. E. Theeuwes, E. Velasco, R. Vogt, A. J. Teuling
Summary: Water storage plays a crucial role in mitigating heat and flooding in urban areas. A novel approach to estimating effective water storage capacity from observed evaporation rates during precipitation-free periods is introduced. The study reveals that urban storage capacities are at least five times smaller than those of natural ecosystems, indicating extreme water limitation in urban evaporation regimes.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Mugni Hadi Hariadi, Gerard van der Schrier, Gert-Jan Steeneveld, Ardhasena Sopaheluwakan, Albert Klein Tank, Malcolm John Roberts, Marie-Pierre Moine, Alessio Bellucci, Retish Senan, Etienne Tourigny, Dian Putrasahan
Summary: Representing the rainy season of the maritime continent poses a challenge for global and regional climate models, with high-resolution global climate models from the HighResMIP experiment showing better performance than regional climate models based on CMIP5. HighResMIP models simulate the onset date and total precipitation of the rainy season in Southeast Asia more accurately, while HighResSST experiment performs similarly to low-resolution models in simulating monsoon characteristics.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Correction
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Brigitta Goger, Mathias W. Rotach, Alexander Gohm, Oliver Fuhrer, Ivana Stiperski, Albert A. M. Holtslag
BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
T. Lorenz, S. Mayer, S. T. Kral, I. Suomi, G. -J. Steeneveld, A. A. M. Holtslag
Summary: This study investigates the challenge of realistically representing the stable atmospheric boundary layer in numerical weather prediction and climate models. Through model experiments and observational data, it is found that surface albedo and sea-ice thickness are essential for accurately predicting surface energy balance in the models.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sukanta Basu, Albert A. M. Holtslag
Summary: This paper revisits the formulation of temperature structure parameter and proposes a revised formulation based on turbulence variance and flux budget equations. The revised formulation includes a novel physically-based outer length scale that can be estimated from routine meteorological data.
ENVIRONMENTAL FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Giacomo Nicolini, Gabriele Antoniella, Federico Carotenuto, Andreas Christen, Philippe Ciais, Christian Feigenwinter, Beniamino Gioli, Stavros Stagakis, Erik Velasco, Roland Vogt, Helen C. Ward, Janet Barlow, Nektarios Chrysoulakis, Pierpaolo Duce, Martin Graus, Carole Helfter, Bert Heusinkveld, Leena Jarvi, Thomas Karl, Serena Marras, Valery Masson, Bradley Matthews, Fred Meier, Eiko Nemitz, Simone Sabbatini, Dieter Scherer, Helmut Schume, Costantino Sirca, Gert-Jan Steeneveld, Carolina Vagnoli, Yilong Wang, Alessandro Zaldei, Bo Zheng, Dario Papale
Summary: The measures taken in 2020 to control the spread of COVID-19 led to significant reductions in anthropogenic CO2 emissions in urbanized areas worldwide. However, as the restrictions were lifted, emissions quickly rebounded to pre-pandemic levels.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Linnea Huusko, Angshuman Modak, Thorsten Mauritsen
Summary: This study using climate model simulations finds that the temperature response induced by aerosol-cloud interactions is larger than that directly induced by aerosols. The cooling effect of aerosol-cloud interactions occurs primarily over remote oceans in the extratropics, while the impact of aerosol emissions is localized around emission sources over tropical land.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Timothy Andrews, Alejandro Bodas-Salcedo, Jonathan M. Gregory, Yue Dong, Kyle C. Armour, David Paynter, Pu Lin, Angshuman Modak, Thorsten Mauritsen, Jason N. S. Cole, Brian Medeiros, James J. Benedict, Herve Douville, Romain Roehrig, Tsuyoshi Koshiro, Hideaki Kawai, Tomoo Ogura, Jean-Louis Dufresne, Richard P. Allan, Chunlei Liu
Summary: The pattern of sea-surface temperature change has a significant impact on radiative feedback. The Earth experienced warming with feedbacks consistent with long-term climate sensitivity feedbacks over the historical record. However, unusual trends in tropical Pacific SSTs and cooling in the Southern Ocean post 1980 led to climate feedback becoming uncorrelated with expected long-term CO2 increase, indicating lower climate sensitivity.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Sukanta Basu, Albert A. M. Holtslag
Summary: In this study, a new approach is used to solve the Ekman equations for eddy-viscosity profiles in the stable boundary-layer, leading to the rediscovery of a well-known expression for the stable boundary-layer height by Zilitinkevich (Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 1972, Vol. 3, 141-145).
BOUNDARY-LAYER METEOROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Alejandro Uribe, Frida A-M Bender, Thorsten Mauritsen
Summary: This study examines the uncertainties in modeled climate feedbacks by comparing observations with simulated feedbacks in response to internal variability. It reveals biases in the simulated feedbacks in the tropics, subtropics, and the Southern Ocean and finds a relation between simulated feedbacks and abrupt quadrupling of atmospheric carbon dioxide.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Clare Marie Flynn, Thorsten Mauritsen
Summary: The dependence of the Hadley cell on turbulent drag is explored to understand its impact on the tropical circulation. The results show that the sensitivity of the tropical circulation, precipitation, and extra-tropical features to the strength of turbulent drag varies and is different from previous expectations. Additionally, the response of the meridional heat transport contradicts previous findings. The choice of drag strongly affects the response of the ITCZ precipitation when exposed to a uniform global warming.
JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Sytse Koopmans, Ronald van Haren, Natalie Theeuwes, Reinder Ronda, Remko Uijlenhoet, Albert A. M. Holtslag, Gert-Jan Steeneveld
Summary: This study combines rural observations, weather radar data, and urban crowd-sourced observations to model the urban climate in Amsterdam. The results show that data assimilation reduces temperature and wind speed biases and improves precipitation prediction.
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Evert I. F. de Bruijn, Fred C. Bosveld, Siebren de Haan, Gert-Jan Marseille, Albert A. M. Holtslag
Summary: This paper presents a wind observation method using the movement of hot-air balloons (HABs). A quality assessment was conducted by comparing the observations with meteorological tower data, showing standard deviations of 0.65ms-1 and 0.69ms-1 for the zonal and meridional wind components, respectively. Comparison with short-term forecasts of the HARMONIE-AROME model demonstrated a standard deviation of 2.5 ms(-1) for the wind vector difference. Additionally, a case study was performed to evaluate the impact of HAB observations on model improvement in a complex baroclinic situation.
METEOROLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Thorsten Mauritsen, Rene Redler, Monika Esch, Bjorn Stevens, Cathy Hohenegger, Daniel Klocke, Renate Brokopf, Helmuth Haak, Leonidas Linardakis, Niklas Roeber, Reiner Schnur
Summary: With the advancement of computational capabilities, the resolution of numerical dynamical atmosphere-and ocean models continues to increase. However, due to limitations in computational power, small-scale processes such as atmospheric moist convection and ocean eddies need to be parameterised. This study presents the first coupled ocean-atmosphere model experiments with sufficient resolution to remove these parameterisations, demonstrating the potential for learning from such experiments.
TELLUS SERIES A-DYNAMIC METEOROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2022)