Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Corey J. Miller, Silvia Trichilo, Edmund Pickering, Saulo Martelli, Peter Delisser, Lee B. Meakin, Peter Pivonka
Summary: The study aimed to quantify the local effect of mechanical loading on cortical bone formation at the periosteal surface using mouse tibia mu CT data. A novel image analysis algorithm was developed to analyze cortical thickness changes due to different peak loads. Results showed a strong association between Delta Ct.Th and peak loads in certain periosteal positions, particularly those experiencing high compressive or tensile strains. However, no significant association was found in regions around the neutral axis. The bone formation responses were dependent on load magnitude and periosteal position, with bone resorption occurring in regions throughout the cross-sectional area of the loaded tibia.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alice L. Bouchard, Chrisanne Dsouza, Catherine Julien, Maximilian Rummler, Marie-Helene Gaumond, Nicolas Cermakian, Bettina M. Willie
Summary: The study shows that the adaptive response of bone to mechanical loading is regulated by circadian rhythms, with circadian clocks controlling the expression of specific genes in bone tissue, impacting bone morphology and function.
Article
Biophysics
Bohao Ning, Tanvir Mustafy, Irene Londono, Catherine Laporte, Isabelle Villemure
Summary: Physical exercise during puberty is crucial for musculoskeletal development, as it contributes to building bone mass foundation for later in life. However, excessive training can have negative effects on bone health, particularly on longitudinal bone growth. Animal models with varying levels of physical exercise have been used to provide insights for clinical settings.
BIOMECHANICS AND MODELING IN MECHANOBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Steven Miletic, Pierre-Louis Bazin, Scott J. S. Isherwood, Max C. Keuken, Anneke Alkemade, Birte U. Forstmann
Summary: The study provides a detailed account of 17 subcortical structures and ventricles in the human brain, including their iron and myelin contents, morphometry, and age-related changes. The results reveal the heterogeneity and intricate age-related alterations of these structures, as well as the shifting locations across the lifespan, which is relevant for the use of standard magnetic resonance imaging atlases. This study enhances our understanding of subcortical morphometry, neuroimaging properties, and normal aging processes, contributing to the improvement of our understanding of neurodegeneration.
Article
Anthropology
Jaap P. P. Saers, Lily J. DeMars, Nicholas B. Stephens, Tea Jashashvili, Kristian J. Carlson, Adam D. Gordon, Colin N. Shaw, Timothy M. Ryan, Jay T. Stock
Summary: The study compared trabecular and cortical bone properties of athletes and sedentary controls, revealing unique combinations of biomechanical properties in different sports modalities and associations between specific properties and loading types.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Ruixin Li, Wei Cheng, Hao Liu, Rui Luo, Huiru Zou, Linkun Zhang, Tingting Ren, Cheng Xu
Summary: It is known that a dynamic culture environment improves tissue-engineered bone formation, but the mechanisms behind cyclical mechanical loading-induced bone formation in scaffolds remain unclear. In this study, hydroxyapatite/beta-tricalcium phosphate/silk fibroin (HA/beta-TCP/SF) composite scaffolds with a hierarchical structure were fabricated. Dynamic sinusoidal loading at different frequencies was applied, and the effects on bone formation were investigated both in vitro and in a rabbit tibia defect model. The results showed that appropriate cyclical mechanical loading had positive effects on bone formation in the scaffold in situ, indicating its potential role in clinical bone defect repair.
ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiaoyu Xu, Haisheng Yang, Whitney A. Bullock, Maxim A. Gallant, Claes Ohlsson, Teresita M. Bellido, Russell P. Main
Summary: Age-related bone loss is caused by imbalanced bone turnover and decreased skeletal mechanoadaptation. Estrogen receptors, ER alpha and ER beta, play crucial roles in osteoprotective regulation. Previous studies focused on ER alpha but the role of Ot-ER beta in bone mass regulation is still unknown. This study found that Ot-ER beta regulates bone (re)modeling and mechanical signal response differently in males and females.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Xuehua Li, Connie Zhang, Hayden H. Bowman, Jeffrey B. Stambough, Benjamin M. Stronach, Simon C. Mears, Lowry C. Barnes, Elena Ambrogini, Jinhu Xiong
Summary: As we age, the decreased responsiveness to mechanical stimulation in aged skeleton plays an important role in age-related bone loss. The study found that Piezo1, a mechanosensitive ion channel, is critical for bone homeostasis and mechanotransduction. Loss of Piezo1 in osteoblasts and osteocytes leads to an increase in age-associated cortical bone loss through promoting bone resorption. These findings highlight the importance of Piezo1-mediated mechanical signaling in protecting against age-related bone loss.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Juan Du, Simin Li, Vadim V. Silberschmidt
Summary: This study developed and validated a finite-element model based on a 6-month longitudinal in-vivo HR-pQCT study to investigate the effect of mechanical stimuli on bone remodelling. The density distribution varied with mechanical signals, and some parameters showed significant correlation with experimental data. The developed model lays a good foundation for further exploration of the relationships between mechanical loading and human-bone microarchitecture.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xue Gang Zhang, Wei Jiang, Yi Zhang, Dong Han, Chen Luo, Xiang Yu Zhang, Jian Hao, Yi Min Xie, Xin Ren
Summary: This study proposes two 3D honeycomb structures, namely 3D re-entrant honeycomb and 3D hexagonal honeycomb, and investigates their mechanical properties, deformation modes, and deformation mechanisms under three-point bending through experimental and numerical analysis. Compared to the non-auxetic hexagonal honeycomb, the 3D auxetic re-entrant honeycomb exhibits higher ductility and fracture resistance. Additionally, the mid-span section of the 3D auxetic honeycomb shows a trapezoidal deformation mode under bending, which differs from the conventional honeycomb structure. The influence of the number of unit cells and geometric parameters on the mechanical properties of the 3D honeycomb structure is also systematically studied. The excellent bending performance of the auxetic honeycomb provides a basis for its application in biomedicine, soft robots, and buffer devices.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
David Schwarz, Marek Pagac, Josef Petrus, Stanislav Polzer
Summary: This study investigated the effect of moisture on the elastic and failure properties of elastomeric polyurethane. The results showed that moisture had a significant impact on the initial stiffness, while physical aging had an inverse effect on the mechanical properties compared to water immersion. The transition process was completed within 24 hours.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jianhua Zhang, Julia Griesbach, Marsel Ganeyev, Anna-Katharina Zehnder, Peng Zeng, Gian Nutal Schaedli, Anke de Leeuw, Yuxiao Lai, Marina Rubert, Ralph Mueller
Summary: The study reveals that mechanical stimulation can promote the formation of 3D bioprinted bone organoids, and long-term mechanical loading is necessary for increasing the density and stiffness of the organoids, as well as promoting osteoblast differentiation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xenia G. Borggaard, Jean-Paul Roux, Jean-Marie Delaisse, Pascale Chavassieux, Christina M. Andreasen, Thomas L. Andersen
Summary: The study found that patients treated with bisphosphonates had fewer quiescent pores/osteons compared to placebo-treated patients, indicating that new cortical remodeling events need to be activated. Additionally, the contribution of eroded pores in the resorption-reversal phase was higher in bisphosphonate-treated patients, while the contribution of mixed eroded-formative pores and formative pores was lower in these patients compared to placebo.
Article
Neurosciences
Feng Sang, Yaojing Chen, Kewei Chen, Mingxi Dang, Shudan Gao, Zhanjun Zhang
Summary: The study found that both male and female brains show age-related decreases in gray and white matter volumes, with females experiencing a greater volume reduction. Additionally, stronger associations between brain structures and cognition were identified in males compared to females.
Article
Biophysics
Edmund Pickering, Matthew J. Silva, Peter Delisser, Michael D. Brodt, YuanTong Gu, Peter Pivonka
Summary: The study focused on compressing the mouse tibia and developed a method using three strain gauges to identify the loading region. By comparing experimental and FE simulations, the precise loading location was determined, showing variations between different tibia specimens.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Alexander Kopp, Heilwig Fischer, Ana Prates Soares, Katharina Schmidt-Bleek, Christoph Leber, Henri Kreiker, Georg Duda, Nadja Kroeger, Kerstin van Gaalen, Henning Hanken, Ole Jung, Ralf Smeets, Max Heiland, Carsten Rendenbach
Summary: Bioabsorbable magnesium implants with plasma-electrolytic oxidation (PEO) surface modification show reduced degradation rate and improved tissue interaction compared to non-surface modified implants. The study evaluated the long-term degradation behavior and osseointegration of Mg-Ca-Zn (ZX00MEO) implants in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrate the beneficial effect of PEO surface modification on bioabsorption behavior and bone regeneration.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Celine J. Agnes, Monzur Murshed, Adrien Takada, Bettina M. Willie, Maryam Tabrizian
Summary: Effective treatments for critical size bone defects remain challenging. 6-Bromoindirubin-3 '-Oxime (BIO), a glycogen synthase kinase 3fi inhibitor, is incorporated into a new formulation of the guanosine diphosphate cross-linked chitosan scaffold to promote osteogenic differentiation. The results of a proof-of-concept study suggest a dose-dependent response of BIO on early stages of osteogenic differentiation within the scaffold.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martin Textor, Arnd Hoburg, Rex Lehnigk, Carsten Perka, Georg N. N. Duda, Simon Reinke, Antje Blankenstein, Sarah Hochmann, Andreas Stockinger, Herbert Resch, Martin Wolf, Dirk Strunk, Sven Geissler
Summary: This study found that loose bodies (LBs) from patients with osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) contain sufficient viable and functional chondrocytes that can be used for autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) without affecting their phenotype during prolonged in vitro expansion. The chondrocyte populations from LBs (LB-CH) showed no significant differences in cell yield per isolation and expression of chondrocyte progenitor cell markers compared to control chondrocytes from non-weight-bearing joint regions. LB-CH exhibited comparable viability, proliferation rates, and chondrogenic differentiation potential to control chondrocytes, and had a higher ability to form a hyaline cartilage matrix compared to bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Alexander Paping, Clara Basler, Kerstin Melchior, Loreen Ehrlich, Mario Thiele, Georg N. Duda, Wolfgang Henrich, Thorsten Braun
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the reliability of intraoperative ultrasound in identifying histologically confirmed uterine scar tissue. The results showed that intraoperative ultrasound was more accurate in identifying scar tissue compared to preoperative ultrasound. This is important for studying uterine wound healing and preventing uterine wall rupture.
JOURNAL OF PERINATAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Claudius Steffen, Katharina Duda, Dag Wulsten, Jan O. O. Voss, Steffen Koerdt, Susanne Nahles, Max Heiland, Sara Checa, Carsten Rendenbach
Summary: This study evaluates a new bite force measuring device and its feasibility in patients after mandibular resection. The device shows high accuracy and reproducibility, providing new opportunities for quantifying perioperative oral function after reconstructive surgery of the mandible.
Article
Orthopedics
Yann Tinguely, Vivian Shi, Franka Klatte-Schulz, Georg N. Duda, Benjamin R. Freedman, David J. Mooney
Summary: Tissue level properties are commonly studied using qualitative scoring methods, but quantitative analysis is needed to capture structural heterogeneity. This study combined an image recognition analysis that automatically segments cells based on shape with an added capacity to discriminate between cells in protein-rich regions. The findings suggest that tendon tissue changes during aging and injury are associated with variation in cell nuclear morphology and the appearance of region-specific subpopulations.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Nicholas M. Brisson, Leonie A. N. Krahl, Martin Kraemer, Juergen R. Reichenbach, George N. Duda
Summary: This study assessed the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on physical activity levels, body mass, quadriceps strength, and gait biomechanics over 18 months. The results showed that participants had reduced physical activity levels, increased body weight, a tendency toward reduced quadriceps strength, and altered gait biomechanics during the lockdown period.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Sarah Hochmann, Kristy Ou, Rodolphe Poupardin, Michaela Mittermeir, Martin Textor, Salaheddine Ali, Martin Wolf, Agnes Ellinghaus, Dorit Jacobi, Juri A. J. Elmiger, Samantha Donsante, Mara Riminucci, Richard Schaefer, Uwe Kornak, Oliver Klein, Katharina Schallmoser, Katharina Schmidt-Bleek, Georg N. Duda, Julia K. Polansky, Sven Geissler, Dirk Strunk
Summary: Multipotent stromal cells are attractive sources for cell therapy and tissue engineering, but their application is limited due to functional diversity. In this study, we compared the regenerative potential of different stromal cell types in vitro and in vivo and found that only bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) could fully regenerate critical-size femoral defects. This ability was attributed to cell type-specific epigenetic landscapes controlling transcriptional stromal differentiation networks. BMSCs initiated defect healing and eventually contributed to tissue remodeling.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
P. F. Samp, F. Keil, R. du Mesnil, A. Birkhold, M. Kowarschik, E. Hattingen, J. Berkefeld
Summary: Detailed analysis of dural AVFs using the standardized display of 4D-DSA volumes was feasible and helpful in understanding the angioarchitecture in selected cases. However, limitations such as motion artifacts and suboptimal selection of the injected vessel were observed in some cases.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Karthik Shetty, Annette Birkhold, Srikrishna Jaganathan, Norbert Strobel, Bernhard Egger, Markus Kowarschik, Andreas Maier
Summary: This study proposes a statistical shape model based on probabilistic PCA, which combines skin, internal organs, and bones for enhancing automation in medical applications. The experimental results show that the model has high precision and effectiveness in positioning and measuring bones and organs.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Claudia A. Garrido, Daniela S. Garske, Mario Thiele, Shahrouz Amini, Samik Real, Georg N. Duda, Katharina Schmidt-Bleek, Amaia Cipitria
Summary: This article introduces a patterned biomaterial based on alginate hydrogels that can mimic the biophysical and biochemical properties found in nature. By controlling the patterns of stiffness and degradation in the material, the cell-matrix interactions can be studied in great detail. The results show that the cell response to the material patterns can be quantified using image-based strategies, providing a deeper understanding of cell-matrix interactions in multicomponent materials.
BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Georg N. Duda, David W. Grainger, Robert E. Guldberg, Gady Goldsobel, Glenn D. Prestwich, Brenna Rauw, Hans-Dieter Volk
Summary: Translational impact assessment is crucial in determining the potential of biomedical research discoveries to be transformed into practical, beneficial products for human health. However, measuring translational success is challenging as it goes beyond commercial achievements and may vary from case to case. Prioritizing societal impact is essential in a globalized society.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mariya M. Kucherenko, Pengchao Sang, Juquan Yao, Tara Gransar, Saphala Dhital, Jana Grune, Szandor Simmons, Laura Michalick, Dag Wulsten, Mario Thiele, Orr Shomroni, Felix Hennig, Ruhi Yeter, Natalia Solowjowa, Gabriela Salinas, Georg N. Duda, Volkmar Falk, Naren R. Vyavahare, Wolfgang M. Kuebler, Christoph Knosalla
Summary: Pulmonary hypertension worsens prognosis in left heart disease. Increased stiffness of the pulmonary artery may contribute to this by causing right ventricular dysfunction and lung vascular remodeling. Targeting extracellular matrix remodeling may be a therapeutic approach for pulmonary hypertension in left heart disease.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
L. Gabel, K. Kent, S. Hosseinitabatabaei, A. J. Burghardt, M. B. Leonard, F. Rauch, B. M. Willie
Summary: The purpose of this review is to summarize current approaches and provide recommendations for imaging bone in pediatric populations using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT). Three established protocols for HR-pQCT imaging in children and adolescents are presented, along with their advantages and disadvantages. The review also outlines special cases and provides tips for acquiring and processing scans to minimize motion artifacts and account for growing bone.
CURRENT OSTEOPOROSIS REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael Indermaur, Daniele Casari, Tatiana Kochetkova, Bettina M. Willie, Johann Michler, Jakob Schwiedrzik, Philippe Zysset
Summary: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic bone disease that leads to an increased risk of fractures. This study investigated the tensile properties of healthy and OI bone extracellular matrix (ECM). The results showed that OI bone ECM exhibited similar tensile properties to healthy bone, and the mechanical properties were primarily influenced by the orientation of mineralized collagen fibers (MCF) and the degree of bone mineralization (DBM).
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jemima E. Schadow, David Maxey, Toby O. Smith, Mikko A. J. Finnila, Sarah L. Manske, Neil A. Segal, Andy Kin On Wong, Rachel A. Davey, Tom Turmezei, Kathryn S. Stok
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the published parameters for assessing subchondral bone in human osteoarthritis using computed tomography. The study identified clinically meaningful parameter categories and emphasized the importance of quantification and standardized measurement methods for improving the evaluation of disease progression.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lindsay L. Loundagin, Kim D. Harrison, Xuan Wei, David M. L. Cooper
Summary: This study developed new techniques to define zones of BMU activity based on the 3D morphology of remodeling spaces in rabbit cortical bone and integrated morphological data with the BMU longitudinal erosion rate (LER) to elucidate the spatial-temporal coordination of BMUs and estimate mineral apposition rate (MAR). The results showed that the manual and semi-automated methods accurately defined the zones of remodeling spaces, and these techniques have the potential to assess dynamic parameters of bone resorption and formation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Soroush Masrouri, Farzad Esmaeili, Maryam Tohidi, Fereidoun Azizi, Farzad Hadaegh
Summary: This study examined the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline and fracture incidence. The results showed that rapid kidney function decline (RKFD) can increase the incidence of fractures among the general population.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Steven J. Meas, Gabriella M. Daire, Michael A. Friedman, Rachel Denapoli, Preetam Ghosh, Joshua N. Farr, Henry J. Donahue
Summary: Age- and disuse-related bone loss both lead to decreases in bone mineral density, cortical thickness, and trabecular thickness and connectivity. It is important to experimentally compare these two mechanisms at a structural and transcriptomic level to better understand their similarities and differences. This study compares the effects of hindlimb unloading and aging on bone microarchitecture and gene expression in mice, finding that while both induce similar changes, aging has a greater impact on the transcriptome and tissue level.
Correction
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Masaru Matsuoka, Sho Tsukamoto, Yuta Orihara, Rieko Kawamura, Mai Kuratani, Nobuhiko Haga, Kenji Ikebuchi, Takenobu Katagiri
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel Kohler, Amy Creecy, David R. Williams, Matthew R. Allen, Joseph M. Wallace
Summary: Osteogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary bone disease that weakens bones and increase fracture risk. Current interventions mainly focus on increasing bone mass, but the compromised tissue-level material properties are not addressed. A study found that a RAL analog could reduce fracture risk, but further development is needed for optimal results in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
So Jeong Park, Eunhye Ji, Hyun Ju Yoo, Kyunggon Kim, Sunghwan Ji, Ji Yeon Baek, Jin Young Lee, Hee-Won Jung, Il-Young Jang, Eunju Lee, Namki Hong, Beom-Jun Kim
Summary: The study analyzed the relationship between serum lumican levels and osteosarcopenia in older adults, showing that older adults with osteosarcopenia had lower serum lumican levels. Lower serum lumican levels were associated with reduced bone mass and grip strength, indicating that lumican levels could be used as a biomarker for assessing the risk of osteosarcopenia, osteoporosis, or sarcopenia in older adults.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael B. Chavez, Michelle H. Tan, Tamara N. Kolli, Natalie L. Andras, Brian L. Foster
Summary: This study revealed the complex mechanisms by which disabling BSP functional domains led to profound and distinct changes in cementoblast cell functions, including dysregulated gene expression and reduced mineralization.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Julien Seiller, Blandine Merle, Romain Fort, Emilie Virot, Solene Poutrel, Giovanna Cannas, Arnaud Hot, Roland Chapurlat
Summary: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of bone fragility in sickle cell patients and to evaluate the potential risk factors and associated complications.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chirantap Oza, Anuradha Khadilkar, Pranay Goel, Madhura Karguppikar, Nikhil Shah, Nikhil Lohiya, Shruti Mondkar, Prashant Patil, Hemchand Prasad, Ankita Maheshwari, Dipali Ladkat, Neha Kajale, Chidvilas More, Devarati Khurjekar, Vaman Khadilkar
Summary: This study revealed that BoneXpert (BX) can be used for accurate assessment of bone age and screening of bone health in Indian children and youth with type-1 diabetes (T1D). 51.5% of T1D subjects showed significantly decreased metacarpal index (MCI). Height, Tanner stage, and vitamin D concentrations were positively correlated with MCI, while HbA1c and disease duration were negatively correlated with MCI.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mariam R. Farman, Catherine Rehder, Theodora Malli, Cheryl Rockman-Greenberg, Kathryn Dahir, Gabriel Angel Martos-Moreno, Agnes Linglart, Keiichi Ozono, Lothar Seefried, Guillermo del Angel, Gerald Webersinke, Francesca Barbazza, Lisa K. John, Sewmi M. A. Delana Mudiyanselage, Florian Hoegler, Erica Burner Nading, Erin Huggins, Eric T. Rush, Ahmed El-Gazzar, Priya S. Kishnani, Wolfgang Hoegler
Summary: The ALPL gene variant database serves as an archive for interpreting the clinical significance of ALPL gene variants, facilitating the reclassification of VUS and continuous updates. The project establishes an international expert consortium, providing a multidisciplinary collaboration framework to improve genetic counseling and medical decision-making for HPP patients.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giovanni Adami, Davide Gatti, Maurizio Rossini, Alessandro Giollo, Matteo Gatti, Francesco Bertoldo, Eugenia Bertoldo, Amy S. Mudano, Kenneth G. Saag, Ombretta Viapiana, Angelo Fassio
Summary: Certain diseases requiring glucocorticoids are independently associated with an increased risk of fractures. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and neurological diseases are associated with both vertebral and non-vertebral fracture risk, while rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are only associated with non-vertebral fractures.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Frank C. Ko, Rong Xie, Brandon Willis, Zoe G. Herdman, Bryan A. Dulion, Hoomin Lee, Chun-do Oh, Di Chen, D. Rick Sumner
Summary: Intramembranous bone regeneration is important in joint and tooth replacement, but its underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study found that increased periostin gene expression preceded increases in osteogenic genes during bone regeneration. Using a genetic mouse model, the researchers discovered that cells transiently expressing periostin played a critical role in intramedullary intramembranous bone regeneration.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
T. Savikangas, T. H. Suominen, M. Alen, T. Rantalainen, S. Sipila
Summary: Regular exercise, especially high-intensity physical activity, can help slow down age-related bone loss and prevent a decline in femoral neck bone mineral density.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mishaela R. Rubin, Ruban Dhaliwal
Summary: The increased risk of fractures observed in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) cannot be solely explained by modest decreases in areal bone mineral density (BMD). Accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in bone has been suggested as a possible cause for the increased bone fragility in diabetes. Although the evidence linking AGEs and fractures in individuals with T1D is limited, recent data show that AGEs, as measured by skin intrinsic fluorescence, are a risk factor for lower BMD in T1D. Further research is needed to determine if there is a causal relationship between fractures and AGEs in T1D. If confirmed, this could lead to interventions that can reduce AGE accumulation and ultimately reduce fractures in T1D patients.