Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Qingyun Zheng, Thomas Kernozek, Adam Daoud-Gray, Katarina T. Borer
Summary: The study found that 40 minutes of downhill exercise with enhanced speed could effectively increase osteogenic ratios, preventing or mitigating postmenopausal osteoporosis in women. In contrast, 40 minutes of uphill exercise did not show the same osteogenic effects, and differed from the effects of exercise performed after a meal.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Federico Nicoli, Giorgia Dito, Gregorio Guabello, Matteo Longhi, Sabrina Corbetta
Summary: Hypercalciuria in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis may lead to kidney stones and various degrees of impaired parathyroid hormone secretion. Thiazide diuretics efficiently reduce urine calcium excretion, contributing to an increase in bone mineral density.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sagar Salave, Dhwani Rana, Hemant Kumar, Nagavendra Kommineni, Derajram Benival
Summary: The present study aimed to develop PTH (1-34)-loaded stealth nanoliposomes (PTH-LPs) using the Quality by Design (QbD) approach and evaluate their biocompatibility and osteogenic potential on osteoblast-like cells. The results demonstrated that lipid concentration had a positive impact on particle size and %EE, while cholesterol concentration reduced %EE.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yongzhi Cui, Bin Lv, Zhongying Li, Chunming Ma, Zhengwei Gui, Yongtao Geng, Guohui Liu, Linchao Sang, Chen Xu, Qi Min, Li Kong, Zhiping Zhang, Yang Liu, Xiangbei Qi, Dehao Fu
Summary: This study presents a novel approach for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) by using genetically engineered nanogels that target bone tissue and inhibit bone resorption while promoting bone formation. The nanogels effectively scavenge RANKL and release therapeutic PTH 1-34 in response to the acidic microenvironment created by osteoclasts. The results show promising therapeutic effects in a mouse model, suggesting the potential for clinical application.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jawed A. Siddiqui, Carole Le Henaff, Joshua Johnson, Zhiming He, Daniel B. Rifkin, Nicola C. Partridge
Summary: The study demonstrates that in bone tissue, MCP-1 is the most highly stimulated gene after PTH stimulation, with osteoblasts being the primary cells expressing MCP-1. The importance of MCP-1 in PTH's anabolic effects is confirmed by experiments showing that MCP-1 null mice do not respond to PTH, and that treatment with MCP-1 peptide can rescue this effect.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
F. Cosman, C. Cooper, Y. Wang, B. Mitlak, S. Varughese, S. A. Williams
Summary: This study evaluates the real-world effectiveness of abaloparatide versus teriparatide in terms of nonvertebral fracture (NVF) incidence and cardiovascular safety during a 19-month period after treatment initiation. The results show that after 18 months of treatment, abaloparatide is comparable to teriparatide in terms of preventing NVF and has similar cardiovascular safety.
OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jean-Michel Pouilles, Anna Gosset, Alice Breteau, Florence Anne Tremollieres
Summary: In early postmenopausal women with severe vertebral osteoporosis, TBS values are proportional to BMD. Osteoporosis in this population is more likely a result of low peak bone mass, while the bone microstructure in older osteoporotic women is significantly affected by aging.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Kristine E. Ensrud, John T. Schousboe
Summary: Medications used to reduce the risk of osteoporosis-related fractures are classified as antiresorptive agents or anabolic therapies. This article focuses on anabolic medications, including specific drugs like teriparatide, abaloparatide, and romosozumab.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Patricia Paula da Fonseca Grili, Camila Vilarinho Vidigal, Geise Ferreira da Cruz, Ben-Hur Albergaria, Jose Luiz Marques-Rocha, Taisa Sabrina Silva Pereira, Valdete Regina Guandalini
Summary: This study aimed to identify nutrient patterns (NPs) and their association with bone mineral density (BMD) categories in postmenopausal women. The results showed that lower consumption of NP1 and NP2 was associated with an increased risk of osteopenia, but not osteoporosis.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Carolyn J. Crandall, Rebecca P. Hunt, Andrea Z. LaCroix, John A. Robbins, Jean Wactawski-Wende, Karen C. Johnson, Maryam Sattari, Katie L. Stone, Julie C. Weitlauf, Tanya R. Gure, Jane A. Cauley
Summary: This study prospectively analyzed the association between subsequent fractures in postmenopausal women after initial fractures at different sites. The results showed that different types of initial fractures increased the risk of subsequent fractures of different types, and this risk was observed across all age groups of women.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zora Messner, David Carro-Vazquez, Judith Haschka, Johannes Grillari, Heinrich Resch, Christian Muschitz, Peter Pietschmann, Jochen Zwerina, Matthias Hackl, Roland Kocijan
Summary: This study investigated circulating miRNAs as potential biomarkers for monitoring treatment response in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis on denosumab therapy. The results showed significant changes in expression of seven miRNAs after two years of treatment, which correlated with changes in bone mineral density and bone turnover markers.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chu-Fen Chang, Jia-In Lee, Shu-Pin Huang, Jiun-Hung Geng, Szu-Chia Chen
Summary: Regular exercise is associated with a reduced risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
S. Najafi, F. Mohammadkhah, M. M. Ebrahimi, P. A. Harsini, A. Khani Jeihooni
Summary: This study examined the effect of an educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior on osteoporosis prevention in postmenopausal women. The intervention successfully improved knowledge, behavior constructs, nutrition performance, and walking performance among participants. The experimental group showed an increase in lumbar spine bone mineral density T-score, while the control group showed a decrease. The theory of planned behavior can be used as a framework for designing educational interventions to prevent osteoporosis and promote women's health.
OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Felicia Cosman, David W. Dempster
Summary: There are three anabolic agents available for postmenopausal women at high risk for fracture, and studies show that they are more effective than antiresorptive agents. There is no definitive answer on how to choose which agent to use at different stages of a woman's life.
CURRENT OSTEOPOROSIS REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jesus Delgado-Calle, Kevin McAndrews, Gerald Wu, Ashley L. Orr, Adam Ferrari, Xiaolin Tu, Venkatesan Srinivasan, G. David Roodman, Frank H. Ebetino, Robert K. Boeckman, Teresita Bellido
Summary: This study reveals that PTH signaling upregulates Notch pathway components, and Notch activation contributes to the catabolic actions of PTH in bone. Deleting the PTH receptor or overexpressing sclerostin in osteocytes abolishes the increase in Notch components caused by PTH. Moreover, bone-targeted Notch inhibition enhances the bone anabolic effects of intermittent PTH.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Chen Zhao, Joyce H. Keyak, Jinshan Tang, Tadashi S. Kaneko, Sundeep Khosla, Shreyasee Amin, Elizabeth J. Atkinson, Lan-Juan Zhao, Michael J. Serou, Chaoyang Zhang, Hui Shen, Hong-Wen Deng, Weihua Zhou
Summary: In this study, we aimed to develop a deep-learning-based method for automatic proximal femur segmentation in quantitative computed tomography (QCT) images. We proposed a spatial transformation V-Net (ST-V-Net) that incorporates a shape prior into the segmentation network to improve model performance. Experimental results showed excellent performance of the proposed ST-V-Net for automatic proximal femur segmentation in QCT images.
COMPLEX & INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Gerard Karsenty, Sundeep Khosla
Summary: Genetics in model organisms has bridged different disciplines of biology and revealed the intricate relationship between bone mass control and energy metabolism.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Abhishek Chandra, Anthony B. Lagnado, Joshua N. Farr, Megan Schleusner, David G. Monroe, Dominik Saul, Joao F. Passos, Sundeep Khosla, Robert J. Pignolo
Summary: Oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence is associated with the accumulation of bone marrow adipocytes, but the direct link between cellular senescence and bone marrow adipocyte tissue (BMAT) remains elusive. This study demonstrates that radiation and aging induce the occurrence of BMAT through a common pathway that involves the presence of senescent cells. Clearance of senescent cells reduces BMAT in aged and radiated bones.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jad G. Sfeir, Matthew T. Drake, Sundeep Khosla, Joshua N. Farr
Summary: Aging is the greatest risk factor for chronic diseases, including osteoporosis. Optimizing bone strength through nutrition, physical activity, and vitamin D status reduces fracture risk. Hormonal status, particularly estrogen, plays a major role in bone remodeling. Skeletal aging exacerbates bone loss and imbalanced bone resorption relative to formation, leading to increased marrow adiposity, osteoblast/osteocyte apoptosis, and accumulation of senescent cells. The underlying mechanisms of skeletal aging are diverse and complex.
MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sundeep Khosla, Nicole C. Wright, Ann L. Elderkin, Douglas P. Kiel
LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sara E. Espinoza, Sundeep Khosla, Joseph A. Baur, Rafael de Cabo, Nicolas Musi
Summary: The geroscience hypothesis suggests that targeting key hallmarks of aging can improve healthspan and prevent age-related diseases. Several pharmacological interventions, including senolytics, NAD(+) boosters, and metformin, are being studied for their potential benefits. Preclinical studies show that senolytic drugs improve healthspan in rodents, while increasing NAD(+) through supplementation appears to extend healthspan in model organisms. Metformin, on the other hand, has pleiotropic effects and is being examined for its potential to improve healthspan and prevent frailty in clinical trials. However, further research is needed to determine their efficacy, safety, target populations, and long-term outcomes.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Japneet Kaur, Dominik Saul, Madison L. Doolittle, Joshua N. Farr, Sundeep Khosla, David G. Monroe
Summary: Aging is associated with an accumulation of senescent cells in various tissues, including bones. This study found that a specific miRNA, miR-19a-3p, decreases with age in mouse and human bones. Furthermore, inducing senescence in mouse bone marrow stromal cells also reduced the levels of miR-19a-3p. The study suggests that miR-19a-3p could be a potential therapeutic target for age-related bone loss.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stefan Bartenschlager, Alexander Cavallaro, Tobias Pogarell, Oliver Chaudry, Michael Uder, Sundeep Khosla, Georg Schett, Klaus Engelke
Summary: Opportunistic screening is a promising technique for identifying individuals at high risk for osteoporotic fracture using CT scans. This study compared the performance of four existing phantomless calibration methods and found that precalibrated phantomless calibration methods performed well.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Madison L. Doolittle, Dominik Saul, Japneet Kaur, Jennifer L. Rowsey, Stephanie J. Vos, Kevin D. Pavelko, Joshua N. Farr, David G. Monroe, Sundeep Khosla
Summary: The article provides a detailed characterization of senescent skeletal cells in vivo, identifying a population of senescent cells associated with age and increased in late osteoblasts/osteocytes and CD24(high) osteolineage cells. The authors also establish CD24 as a marker for skeletal cells cleared by senolytics.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Madison L. Doolittle, Sundeep Khosla, Dominik Saul
Summary: The regulation of bone mineral density (BMD) is influenced by genetics and age. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many genes associated with BMD, but their specific mechanisms in different cell types and during aging are still unclear. By analyzing age-related transcriptomics and single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets, this study investigated the cell-specific expression of GWAS candidate genes and identified enrichment in various cells related to bone metabolism. The findings provide potential therapeutic targets for osteoporosis treatment.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Madison L. L. Doolittle, Brittany A. A. Eckhardt, Stephanie J. J. Vos, Sarah Grain, Jennifer L. L. Rowsey, Ming Ruan, Dominik Saul, Joshua N. N. Farr, Megan M. M. Weivoda, Sundeep Khosla, David G. G. Monroe
Summary: Estrogen plays a crucial role in regulating bone mass, primarily through its action on ERalpha. Recent studies have shown that estrogen action in osteocytes is more important than in osteoclasts, and the loss of ERalpha in specific cell types results in decreased bone volume and reduced bone formation rate.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Pamela Rufus-Membere, Kara L. Holloway-Kew, Adolfo Diez-Perez, Natasha M. Appelman-Dijkstra, Mary L. Bouxsein, Erik F. Eriksen, Joshua N. Farr, Sundeep Khosla, Mark A. Kotowicz, Xavier Nogues, Mishaela Rubin, Julie A. Pasco
Summary: Impact microindentation (IMI) is a novel technique for assessing bone material strength index (BMSi) in vivo. The aim of this study was to define the reference intervals for men and women by evaluating healthy adults from multiple countries. BMSi values ranged from 48 to 101, with mean values of 84.4 +/- 6.9 for men and 79.0 +/- 9.1 for women.
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Japneet Kaur, Jennifer L. Rowsey, Stephanie J. Vos, Joshua N. Farr, Sundeep Khosla, David G. Monroe
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Abhishek Chandra, Anthony Lagnado, Joshua Farr, David Monroe, Joao Passos, Robert Pignolo, Sundeep Khosla
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Madison Doolittle, David Monroe, Jennifer Rowsey, Stephanie Vos, Dominik Saul, Kevin Pavelko, Joshua Farr, Sundeep Khosla
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jemima E. Schadow, David Maxey, Toby O. Smith, Mikko A. J. Finnila, Sarah L. Manske, Neil A. Segal, Andy Kin On Wong, Rachel A. Davey, Tom Turmezei, Kathryn S. Stok
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the published parameters for assessing subchondral bone in human osteoarthritis using computed tomography. The study identified clinically meaningful parameter categories and emphasized the importance of quantification and standardized measurement methods for improving the evaluation of disease progression.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lindsay L. Loundagin, Kim D. Harrison, Xuan Wei, David M. L. Cooper
Summary: This study developed new techniques to define zones of BMU activity based on the 3D morphology of remodeling spaces in rabbit cortical bone and integrated morphological data with the BMU longitudinal erosion rate (LER) to elucidate the spatial-temporal coordination of BMUs and estimate mineral apposition rate (MAR). The results showed that the manual and semi-automated methods accurately defined the zones of remodeling spaces, and these techniques have the potential to assess dynamic parameters of bone resorption and formation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Soroush Masrouri, Farzad Esmaeili, Maryam Tohidi, Fereidoun Azizi, Farzad Hadaegh
Summary: This study examined the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline and fracture incidence. The results showed that rapid kidney function decline (RKFD) can increase the incidence of fractures among the general population.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Steven J. Meas, Gabriella M. Daire, Michael A. Friedman, Rachel Denapoli, Preetam Ghosh, Joshua N. Farr, Henry J. Donahue
Summary: Age- and disuse-related bone loss both lead to decreases in bone mineral density, cortical thickness, and trabecular thickness and connectivity. It is important to experimentally compare these two mechanisms at a structural and transcriptomic level to better understand their similarities and differences. This study compares the effects of hindlimb unloading and aging on bone microarchitecture and gene expression in mice, finding that while both induce similar changes, aging has a greater impact on the transcriptome and tissue level.
Correction
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Masaru Matsuoka, Sho Tsukamoto, Yuta Orihara, Rieko Kawamura, Mai Kuratani, Nobuhiko Haga, Kenji Ikebuchi, Takenobu Katagiri
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel Kohler, Amy Creecy, David R. Williams, Matthew R. Allen, Joseph M. Wallace
Summary: Osteogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary bone disease that weakens bones and increase fracture risk. Current interventions mainly focus on increasing bone mass, but the compromised tissue-level material properties are not addressed. A study found that a RAL analog could reduce fracture risk, but further development is needed for optimal results in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
So Jeong Park, Eunhye Ji, Hyun Ju Yoo, Kyunggon Kim, Sunghwan Ji, Ji Yeon Baek, Jin Young Lee, Hee-Won Jung, Il-Young Jang, Eunju Lee, Namki Hong, Beom-Jun Kim
Summary: The study analyzed the relationship between serum lumican levels and osteosarcopenia in older adults, showing that older adults with osteosarcopenia had lower serum lumican levels. Lower serum lumican levels were associated with reduced bone mass and grip strength, indicating that lumican levels could be used as a biomarker for assessing the risk of osteosarcopenia, osteoporosis, or sarcopenia in older adults.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael B. Chavez, Michelle H. Tan, Tamara N. Kolli, Natalie L. Andras, Brian L. Foster
Summary: This study revealed the complex mechanisms by which disabling BSP functional domains led to profound and distinct changes in cementoblast cell functions, including dysregulated gene expression and reduced mineralization.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Julien Seiller, Blandine Merle, Romain Fort, Emilie Virot, Solene Poutrel, Giovanna Cannas, Arnaud Hot, Roland Chapurlat
Summary: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of bone fragility in sickle cell patients and to evaluate the potential risk factors and associated complications.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chirantap Oza, Anuradha Khadilkar, Pranay Goel, Madhura Karguppikar, Nikhil Shah, Nikhil Lohiya, Shruti Mondkar, Prashant Patil, Hemchand Prasad, Ankita Maheshwari, Dipali Ladkat, Neha Kajale, Chidvilas More, Devarati Khurjekar, Vaman Khadilkar
Summary: This study revealed that BoneXpert (BX) can be used for accurate assessment of bone age and screening of bone health in Indian children and youth with type-1 diabetes (T1D). 51.5% of T1D subjects showed significantly decreased metacarpal index (MCI). Height, Tanner stage, and vitamin D concentrations were positively correlated with MCI, while HbA1c and disease duration were negatively correlated with MCI.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mariam R. Farman, Catherine Rehder, Theodora Malli, Cheryl Rockman-Greenberg, Kathryn Dahir, Gabriel Angel Martos-Moreno, Agnes Linglart, Keiichi Ozono, Lothar Seefried, Guillermo del Angel, Gerald Webersinke, Francesca Barbazza, Lisa K. John, Sewmi M. A. Delana Mudiyanselage, Florian Hoegler, Erica Burner Nading, Erin Huggins, Eric T. Rush, Ahmed El-Gazzar, Priya S. Kishnani, Wolfgang Hoegler
Summary: The ALPL gene variant database serves as an archive for interpreting the clinical significance of ALPL gene variants, facilitating the reclassification of VUS and continuous updates. The project establishes an international expert consortium, providing a multidisciplinary collaboration framework to improve genetic counseling and medical decision-making for HPP patients.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giovanni Adami, Davide Gatti, Maurizio Rossini, Alessandro Giollo, Matteo Gatti, Francesco Bertoldo, Eugenia Bertoldo, Amy S. Mudano, Kenneth G. Saag, Ombretta Viapiana, Angelo Fassio
Summary: Certain diseases requiring glucocorticoids are independently associated with an increased risk of fractures. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and neurological diseases are associated with both vertebral and non-vertebral fracture risk, while rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are only associated with non-vertebral fractures.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Frank C. Ko, Rong Xie, Brandon Willis, Zoe G. Herdman, Bryan A. Dulion, Hoomin Lee, Chun-do Oh, Di Chen, D. Rick Sumner
Summary: Intramembranous bone regeneration is important in joint and tooth replacement, but its underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study found that increased periostin gene expression preceded increases in osteogenic genes during bone regeneration. Using a genetic mouse model, the researchers discovered that cells transiently expressing periostin played a critical role in intramedullary intramembranous bone regeneration.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
T. Savikangas, T. H. Suominen, M. Alen, T. Rantalainen, S. Sipila
Summary: Regular exercise, especially high-intensity physical activity, can help slow down age-related bone loss and prevent a decline in femoral neck bone mineral density.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mishaela R. Rubin, Ruban Dhaliwal
Summary: The increased risk of fractures observed in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) cannot be solely explained by modest decreases in areal bone mineral density (BMD). Accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in bone has been suggested as a possible cause for the increased bone fragility in diabetes. Although the evidence linking AGEs and fractures in individuals with T1D is limited, recent data show that AGEs, as measured by skin intrinsic fluorescence, are a risk factor for lower BMD in T1D. Further research is needed to determine if there is a causal relationship between fractures and AGEs in T1D. If confirmed, this could lead to interventions that can reduce AGE accumulation and ultimately reduce fractures in T1D patients.