Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Wentao Lin, Chaoqin He, Faqin Xie, Tao Chen, Guanghao Zheng, Houjie Yin, Haixiong Chen, Zhiyun Wang
Summary: In this study, the authors assessed the diagnostic discordance between lumbar osteoporosis detected by QCT and DXA, and evaluated their predictive performance for prevalent vertebral fracture. The results showed that in older patients undergoing spinal surgery, QCT-vBMD is more helpful than DXA in terms of osteoporosis detection rate and prediction of patients with prevalent VFs.
Article
Orthopedics
Christina Enciso Holm, Peter Horstmann, Michala Skovlund Sorensen, Karen Dyreborg, Michael Mork Petersen
Summary: This study evaluated the adaptive remodeling of periprosthetic cortical bone after tumor-prosthesis insertion in patients with sarcomas and metastatic bone disease. The results showed a decrease in bone mineral density over time, mainly caused by stress shielding and immobilization.
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dilki Madhuchani, Sumudu Nimali Seneviratne, Leanne M. Ward
Summary: Bone accrual in childhood affects bone health later in life. Early loss of bone strength can lead to health issues and lower quality of life in childhood and adolescence. Improved assessment tools and treatment options, along with awareness of fracture history and risk factors, have enhanced the detection and management of bone fragility in children globally.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Joshua Gawlitza, Jakob Steinhaeuser, Arno Buecker, Gabriela Krasteva-Christ, Thomas Tschernig
Summary: The study evaluated the performance of three different decalcification solutions in human bone through direct measurement using DEXA and CT scans. Results showed that RBD solution had the fastest decalcification rate and was able to fully decalcify bone slices after 77 hours. Hydrochloric-acid based solutions appeared to be preferable for rapid dissolution of calcium hydroxyapatite compared to other solutions.
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Laurent Maimoun, Eric Renard, Helena Huguet, Patrick Lefebvre, Vincent Boudousq, Krishna Mahadea, Marie Christine Picot, Remi Dore, Pascal Philibert, Maude Seneque, Laura Gaspari, Philippe Courtet, Charles Sultan, Ariane Sultan, Didier Laux, Sebastien Guillaume, Denis Mariano-Goulart
Summary: The study suggests that quantitative ultrasound (QUS) can be a useful technique for assessing low bone mass in anorexia nervosa patients, showing positive correlations with DXA measurements and factors like disease severity and body mass index.
ARCHIVES OF OSTEOPOROSIS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Wentao Lin, Chaoqin He, Faqin Xie, Tao Chen, Guanghao Zheng, Houjie Yin, Haixiong Chen, Zhiyun Wang
Summary: This study compared the diagnostic accuracy of quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in detecting lumbar osteoporosis, and found that QCT provided more accurate evaluation of bone density than DXA. QCT measurements at specific vertebral levels showed high diagnostic performance for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF).
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
C. Kasper, P. Schlegel, I. Ruiz-Ascacibar, P. Stoll, G. Bee
Summary: Studies in animal science show that DXA measurements may not perfectly match dissections or chemical analyses, requiring calibration equations. Predictions related to body composition and single nutrient content in pigs show promising results, with potential for creating generic regression equations that yield reliable estimates. DXA could be a useful tool for high-throughput phenotyping in genetic studies, efficiently measuring body composition in a wide range of animals.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chun-Hsiang Chan, Wen-Chi Huang, Yi-Chien Lu, Hsing-Fen Hsiao, Wing P. Chan
Summary: BatchBMD is a rule-based automated reporting system that accelerates the generation of DXA reports and improves accuracy. Compared to a Web-based reporting system, BatchBMD outperforms in reporting time and accuracy, significantly reducing workload for radiologists and technicians.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Inge A. L. P. van Beijsterveldt, Manouk van der Steen, Kirsten S. de Fluiter, Sander A. M. J. Spaans, Anita C. S. Hokken-Koelega
Summary: Childhood obesity is a global public health threat, and this study provides sex-specific reference values and charts for body composition and bone mineral density in children aged 2-5 years.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Andrew J. Gilbert, Benjamin S. McDonald, Dustin M. Kasparek, Richard S. Wittman, Wesley C. Gillis, Richard A. Clark, Eva Brayfindley, Lucas E. Sweet
Summary: X-ray radiography provides non-invasive inspection of internal structure and material composition. Dual-energy radiography allows material discrimination but has limitations in quantitative measurements. Spectral radiography detectors provide not only the number of transmitted x-rays, but also the spectrum. This study presents experimental validations of a method using spectral x-ray radiography to accurately quantify uranium mass in powder.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
M. Neira Alvarez, M. A. Vazquez Ronda, L. Soler Rangel, I. J. Thuissard-Vasallo, C. Andreu-Vazquez, P. Martinez Martin, I Rabago Lorite, G. Serralta San Martin
Summary: This study found that the thickness of the gastrocnemius medialis measured by ultrasound is reliable and correlates well with DXA and CC values, as well as muscle performance. In older participants, the thickness of the gastrocnemius medialis is significantly correlated with appendicular lean mass, CC, gait speed, Short Physical Performance Battery, and grip strength.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION HEALTH & AGING
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Changzhou Li, Jifeng Sun, Li Yu
Summary: The correlation between calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was studied to evaluate the diagnostic value of calcaneal QUS in middle-aged and elderly osteoporosis. The study found that calcaneal QUS showed moderate correlation with femoral neck BMD in men and lumbar spine and femoral BMD in women. Calcaneal QUS can be used as a screening tool for osteoporosis with good specificity, and it can predict proximal femoral BMD in middle-aged and elderly individuals as well as lumbar BMD in women.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Lin Chen, Xin-yi Wu, Qi Jin, Guang-yao Chen, Xiao Ma
Summary: This study compares the application of QCT and DXA in osteoporosis with and without vertebral fractures, and finds that vBMD measured by QCT exhibits a stronger correlation with fracture risk.
EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Matthew Allan Thomas, Jorge Ernesto Jimenez, Samuel John Fahrenholtz, Khushnood Hamdani, William Daniel Erwin
Summary: This study examines the unique measurement and quality-control strategies in dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and analyzes the dependence of measured entrance-air-kerma (EAK) on dose sensor type and scan length. The feasibility of using EAK to compare scanner output and the congruence between measured and vendor-reported EAK were also established. The results suggest that DXA scanner stability can be quantified using EAK as a quality-control metric with a variety of solid-state and ion chamber (IC) dose sensors. Measured EAK may vary significantly between different scanners, indicating that measured and reported EAK may not always be comparable.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED CLINICAL MEDICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lei Deng, Yue Yao, A. -Li Shang, Tongtong Du, Jingbin Zhang, Quanxin Yang, Jianying Li, Qian Wang, Xiaohui Li
Summary: The study evaluated the feasibility of using DECT and CT values for opportunistic screening of osteoporosis in postmenopausal females. The results showed a moderate-high correlation between HAP and CT value with DXA measurements for diagnosing osteoporosis. The cutoff values of HAP and CT value for diagnosing osteoporosis were determined to be 142.05 mg/cm3 and 132 HU, respectively.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jemima E. Schadow, David Maxey, Toby O. Smith, Mikko A. J. Finnila, Sarah L. Manske, Neil A. Segal, Andy Kin On Wong, Rachel A. Davey, Tom Turmezei, Kathryn S. Stok
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the published parameters for assessing subchondral bone in human osteoarthritis using computed tomography. The study identified clinically meaningful parameter categories and emphasized the importance of quantification and standardized measurement methods for improving the evaluation of disease progression.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lindsay L. Loundagin, Kim D. Harrison, Xuan Wei, David M. L. Cooper
Summary: This study developed new techniques to define zones of BMU activity based on the 3D morphology of remodeling spaces in rabbit cortical bone and integrated morphological data with the BMU longitudinal erosion rate (LER) to elucidate the spatial-temporal coordination of BMUs and estimate mineral apposition rate (MAR). The results showed that the manual and semi-automated methods accurately defined the zones of remodeling spaces, and these techniques have the potential to assess dynamic parameters of bone resorption and formation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Soroush Masrouri, Farzad Esmaeili, Maryam Tohidi, Fereidoun Azizi, Farzad Hadaegh
Summary: This study examined the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline and fracture incidence. The results showed that rapid kidney function decline (RKFD) can increase the incidence of fractures among the general population.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Steven J. Meas, Gabriella M. Daire, Michael A. Friedman, Rachel Denapoli, Preetam Ghosh, Joshua N. Farr, Henry J. Donahue
Summary: Age- and disuse-related bone loss both lead to decreases in bone mineral density, cortical thickness, and trabecular thickness and connectivity. It is important to experimentally compare these two mechanisms at a structural and transcriptomic level to better understand their similarities and differences. This study compares the effects of hindlimb unloading and aging on bone microarchitecture and gene expression in mice, finding that while both induce similar changes, aging has a greater impact on the transcriptome and tissue level.
Correction
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Masaru Matsuoka, Sho Tsukamoto, Yuta Orihara, Rieko Kawamura, Mai Kuratani, Nobuhiko Haga, Kenji Ikebuchi, Takenobu Katagiri
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel Kohler, Amy Creecy, David R. Williams, Matthew R. Allen, Joseph M. Wallace
Summary: Osteogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary bone disease that weakens bones and increase fracture risk. Current interventions mainly focus on increasing bone mass, but the compromised tissue-level material properties are not addressed. A study found that a RAL analog could reduce fracture risk, but further development is needed for optimal results in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
So Jeong Park, Eunhye Ji, Hyun Ju Yoo, Kyunggon Kim, Sunghwan Ji, Ji Yeon Baek, Jin Young Lee, Hee-Won Jung, Il-Young Jang, Eunju Lee, Namki Hong, Beom-Jun Kim
Summary: The study analyzed the relationship between serum lumican levels and osteosarcopenia in older adults, showing that older adults with osteosarcopenia had lower serum lumican levels. Lower serum lumican levels were associated with reduced bone mass and grip strength, indicating that lumican levels could be used as a biomarker for assessing the risk of osteosarcopenia, osteoporosis, or sarcopenia in older adults.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael B. Chavez, Michelle H. Tan, Tamara N. Kolli, Natalie L. Andras, Brian L. Foster
Summary: This study revealed the complex mechanisms by which disabling BSP functional domains led to profound and distinct changes in cementoblast cell functions, including dysregulated gene expression and reduced mineralization.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Julien Seiller, Blandine Merle, Romain Fort, Emilie Virot, Solene Poutrel, Giovanna Cannas, Arnaud Hot, Roland Chapurlat
Summary: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of bone fragility in sickle cell patients and to evaluate the potential risk factors and associated complications.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chirantap Oza, Anuradha Khadilkar, Pranay Goel, Madhura Karguppikar, Nikhil Shah, Nikhil Lohiya, Shruti Mondkar, Prashant Patil, Hemchand Prasad, Ankita Maheshwari, Dipali Ladkat, Neha Kajale, Chidvilas More, Devarati Khurjekar, Vaman Khadilkar
Summary: This study revealed that BoneXpert (BX) can be used for accurate assessment of bone age and screening of bone health in Indian children and youth with type-1 diabetes (T1D). 51.5% of T1D subjects showed significantly decreased metacarpal index (MCI). Height, Tanner stage, and vitamin D concentrations were positively correlated with MCI, while HbA1c and disease duration were negatively correlated with MCI.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mariam R. Farman, Catherine Rehder, Theodora Malli, Cheryl Rockman-Greenberg, Kathryn Dahir, Gabriel Angel Martos-Moreno, Agnes Linglart, Keiichi Ozono, Lothar Seefried, Guillermo del Angel, Gerald Webersinke, Francesca Barbazza, Lisa K. John, Sewmi M. A. Delana Mudiyanselage, Florian Hoegler, Erica Burner Nading, Erin Huggins, Eric T. Rush, Ahmed El-Gazzar, Priya S. Kishnani, Wolfgang Hoegler
Summary: The ALPL gene variant database serves as an archive for interpreting the clinical significance of ALPL gene variants, facilitating the reclassification of VUS and continuous updates. The project establishes an international expert consortium, providing a multidisciplinary collaboration framework to improve genetic counseling and medical decision-making for HPP patients.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giovanni Adami, Davide Gatti, Maurizio Rossini, Alessandro Giollo, Matteo Gatti, Francesco Bertoldo, Eugenia Bertoldo, Amy S. Mudano, Kenneth G. Saag, Ombretta Viapiana, Angelo Fassio
Summary: Certain diseases requiring glucocorticoids are independently associated with an increased risk of fractures. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and neurological diseases are associated with both vertebral and non-vertebral fracture risk, while rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are only associated with non-vertebral fractures.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Frank C. Ko, Rong Xie, Brandon Willis, Zoe G. Herdman, Bryan A. Dulion, Hoomin Lee, Chun-do Oh, Di Chen, D. Rick Sumner
Summary: Intramembranous bone regeneration is important in joint and tooth replacement, but its underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study found that increased periostin gene expression preceded increases in osteogenic genes during bone regeneration. Using a genetic mouse model, the researchers discovered that cells transiently expressing periostin played a critical role in intramedullary intramembranous bone regeneration.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
T. Savikangas, T. H. Suominen, M. Alen, T. Rantalainen, S. Sipila
Summary: Regular exercise, especially high-intensity physical activity, can help slow down age-related bone loss and prevent a decline in femoral neck bone mineral density.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mishaela R. Rubin, Ruban Dhaliwal
Summary: The increased risk of fractures observed in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) cannot be solely explained by modest decreases in areal bone mineral density (BMD). Accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in bone has been suggested as a possible cause for the increased bone fragility in diabetes. Although the evidence linking AGEs and fractures in individuals with T1D is limited, recent data show that AGEs, as measured by skin intrinsic fluorescence, are a risk factor for lower BMD in T1D. Further research is needed to determine if there is a causal relationship between fractures and AGEs in T1D. If confirmed, this could lead to interventions that can reduce AGE accumulation and ultimately reduce fractures in T1D patients.