Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thiberiu Banica, Sara Vandewalle, Hans-Georg Zmierczak, Stefan Goemaere, Stefanie De Buyser, Tom Fiers, Jean-Marc Kaufman, Jean De Schepper, Bruno Lapauw
Summary: This study investigates the changes in bone turnover markers, Wnt-signalling markers, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and sex steroid levels in peri-pubertal boys and how they reflect skeletal development. The study found that sex steroids, IGF-1, and bone metabolism markers are related to skeletal development in peri-pubertal boys, but the relationship is nonlinear and dependent on the maturation stage and skeletal site.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thomas J. O'Leary, Rachel M. Izard, Jonathan C. Y. Tang, William D. Fraser, Julie P. Greeves
Summary: Military training increases tibial density and size. Men and women adapt similarly to the same training, but there are differences in certain indicators, which may be related to gender and hormones.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Qi Liu, Jian Zhou, Zhou Yang, Chuhai Xie, Yan Huang, Long Ling, Yanming Cao, Hailan Hu, Yue Hua
Summary: The study demonstrated that ginsenoside-Rb2 attenuates bone loss induced by KD and maintains biomechanical properties. This was achieved by inhibiting bone resorption and promoting osteogenic differentiation, suggesting ginsenoside as a potential option for KD-induced osteoporosis.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Juan J. Lopez-Gomez, Jose L. Perez-Castrillon, Isabel Garcia de Santos, Maria Perez-Alonso, Olatz Izaola-Jauregui, David Primo-Martin, Daniel A. De Luis-Roman
Summary: This study examined the differences in bone metabolism between postmenopausal women with and without obesity, and compared the risk of fracture at five years between these groups.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mingwei Hu, Yifan Zhang, Jianjun Guo, Cuicui Guo, Xue Yang, Xue Ma, Hao Xu, Shuai Xiang
Summary: This study evaluated the changes in bone mineral density and bone turnover markers after denosumab and romosozumab therapies in patients with osteoporosis. The results showed that the romosozumab group exhibited greater changes in lumbar BMD and bone turnover markers at 3 months of treatment, while changes in BMD of total hip and femoral neck were relatively delayed. From 6 to 12 months of treatment, romosozumab showed greater changes in bone mineral density and markers of bone turnover.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elizabeth Shane, Stephanie Shiau, Robert R. Recker, Joan M. Lappe, Sanchita Agarwal, Mafo Kamanda-Kosseh, Mariana Bucovsky, Julie Stubby, Adi Cohen
Summary: The study assessed the effects of denosumab in premenopausal women who completed a 24-month teriparatide treatment. Results showed statistically significant increases in bone mineral density at various sites after denosumab treatment following teriparatide, supporting the sequential use in increasing BMD in severe osteoporosis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kaisa K. Ivaska, Fiona E. McGuigan, Linnea Malmgren, Paul Gerdhem, Helena Johansson, John A. Kanis, Kristina E. Akesson
Summary: This study found that CTX, urinary OC, and TRAcP5b are predictive for fracture risk within 1 to 3 years, but are less valuable in the long term or in individuals above the age of 80.
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sophia Ogechi Ekeuku, Elvy Suhana Mohd Ramli, Norfarahin Abdullah Sani, Norzana Abd Ghafar, Ima Nirwana Soelaiman, Kok-Yong Chin
Summary: Glucocorticoid-induced osteogenic dysfunction is the main pathological mechanism of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Tocotrienol has been shown to prevent oxidative stress and osteoblast apoptosis, enhance osteogenic differentiation, and improve bone formation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yang Xu, Li Shen, Lianyong Liu, Zhenlin Zhang, Weiwei Hu
Summary: This study investigated the profile of serum undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) levels and their associations with bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers (BTMs), and prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in the Chinese population. The results showed that ucOC levels were higher in men than women and decreased with age until the age of 50, after which they increased. Higher ucOC levels were correlated with lower BMD values and higher levels of BTMs in both men and women. Furthermore, an increase in ucOC levels was associated with an increased risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis in both genders.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Polyzois Makras, Natasha M. Appelman-Dijkstra, Socrates E. Papapoulos, Sandra van Wissen, Elizabeth M. Winter, Stergios A. Polyzos, Maria P. Yavropoulou, Athanasios D. Anastasilakis
Summary: The duration of denosumab treatment significantly influences the efficacy of subsequent zoledronate infusion in maintaining bone mineral density gains. Frequent follow-up of patients treated with denosumab for more than 3 years is advisable as additional therapeutic interventions may be necessary.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hao Wang, Leigang Yang, Junwei Chao
Summary: The study found that dieckol has anti-osteoporotic effects in rats with GC-induced osteoporosis. It significantly improves bone density and metabolism, and has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fnu Deepika, Siresha Bathina, Reina Armamento-Villareal
Summary: The burden of obesity and osteoporosis is increasing and becoming a major public health concern. Recent evidence has identified novel adipokines that play a role in bone metabolism. Obesity, characterized by adipose tissue inflammation, negatively impacts bone health. Adipokines secreted from white adipose tissue and bone marrow adipose tissue have effects on osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Understanding the complex interplay between fat cells and bone is crucial in the context of osteoporosis. This review summarizes recent advances in the understanding of adipokines' role in bone metabolism.
Article
Orthopedics
S. Mancuso, Dalila Scaturro, M. Santoro, G. Di Gaetano, F. Vitagliani, V. Falco, S. Siragusa, S. Gonnelli, G. Letizia Mauro
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the skeletal complications in lymphoma patients after treatment and found that approximately 50% of patients had osteoporosis, with a high prevalence of vertebral fractures. Most patients also had hypovitaminosis D and high levels of parathyroid hormone, with a significant association between high PTH levels and previous lymphoma treatment observed. The Mini-Osteoporosis Quality of Life questionnaire showed a decrease in quality of life due to changes in bone status.
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aikta Sharma, Lysanne Michels, Andrew A. Pitsillides, Julie Greeves, Lillian Plotkin, Valentina Cardo, Natalie A. Sims, Claire E. Clarkin
Summary: Despite the importance of sex in regulating bone homeostasis, there is a bias in reporting sex in skeletal research. This bias could lead to incorrect generalizations of research findings and hinder effective translation into clinical practice. It is necessary to transparently report the sex of mice in order to address preclinical sex bias and promote global skeletal health equity.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Elena Tsourdi, M. Carola Zillikens, Christian Meier, Jean-Jacques Body, Elena Gonzalez Rodriguez, Athanasios D. Anastasilakis, Bo Abrahamsen, Eugene McCloskey, Lorenz C. Hofbauer, Nuria Guanabens, Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch, Stuart H. Ralston, Richard Eastell, Jessica Pepe, Andrea Palermo, Bente Langdahl
Summary: Discontinuation of denosumab results in increased bone turnover, rapid bone loss, and risk of multiple vertebral fractures in some patients. Prior bisphosphonate therapy or subsequent antiresorptive treatment may help mitigate the biochemical rebound phenomenon after denosumab discontinuation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Chen Zhao, Joyce H. Keyak, Jinshan Tang, Tadashi S. Kaneko, Sundeep Khosla, Shreyasee Amin, Elizabeth J. Atkinson, Lan-Juan Zhao, Michael J. Serou, Chaoyang Zhang, Hui Shen, Hong-Wen Deng, Weihua Zhou
Summary: In this study, we aimed to develop a deep-learning-based method for automatic proximal femur segmentation in quantitative computed tomography (QCT) images. We proposed a spatial transformation V-Net (ST-V-Net) that incorporates a shape prior into the segmentation network to improve model performance. Experimental results showed excellent performance of the proposed ST-V-Net for automatic proximal femur segmentation in QCT images.
COMPLEX & INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dominik Saul, Robyn Laura Kosinsky, Elizabeth J. Atkinson, Madison L. Doolittle, Xu Zhang, Nathan K. LeBrasseur, Robert J. Pignolo, Paul D. Robbins, Laura J. Niedernhofer, Yuji Ikeno, Diana Jurk, Joao F. Passos, LaTonya J. Hickson, Ailing Xue, David G. Monroe, Tamara Tchkonia, James L. Kirkland, Joshua N. Farr, Sundeep Khosla
Summary: The authors present and validate a senescence gene set called SenMayo, which can accurately identify senescent cells across different tissues and species. Using this gene set, senescent cells can be characterized at the single cell level and key intercellular signaling pathways can be identified.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anna L. Barker, Renata Morello, Le Thi Phuong Thao, Ego Seeman, Stephanie A. Ward, Kerrie M. Sanders, Robert G. Cumming, Julie A. Pasco, Peter R. Ebeling, Robyn L. Woods, Rory Wolfe, Sundeep Khosla, Sultana Monira Hussain, Kathlyn Ronaldson, Anne B. Newman, Jeff D. Williamson, John J. McNeil
Summary: In this study, low-dose aspirin did not reduce the risk of fractures but increased the risk of serious falls in older adults.
JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sundeep Khosla, Nicole C. Wright, Ann L. Elderkin, Douglas P. Kiel
LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Sara E. Espinoza, Sundeep Khosla, Joseph A. Baur, Rafael de Cabo, Nicolas Musi
Summary: The geroscience hypothesis suggests that targeting key hallmarks of aging can improve healthspan and prevent age-related diseases. Several pharmacological interventions, including senolytics, NAD(+) boosters, and metformin, are being studied for their potential benefits. Preclinical studies show that senolytic drugs improve healthspan in rodents, while increasing NAD(+) through supplementation appears to extend healthspan in model organisms. Metformin, on the other hand, has pleiotropic effects and is being examined for its potential to improve healthspan and prevent frailty in clinical trials. However, further research is needed to determine their efficacy, safety, target populations, and long-term outcomes.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Japneet Kaur, Dominik Saul, Madison L. Doolittle, Joshua N. Farr, Sundeep Khosla, David G. Monroe
Summary: Aging is associated with an accumulation of senescent cells in various tissues, including bones. This study found that a specific miRNA, miR-19a-3p, decreases with age in mouse and human bones. Furthermore, inducing senescence in mouse bone marrow stromal cells also reduced the levels of miR-19a-3p. The study suggests that miR-19a-3p could be a potential therapeutic target for age-related bone loss.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stefan Bartenschlager, Alexander Cavallaro, Tobias Pogarell, Oliver Chaudry, Michael Uder, Sundeep Khosla, Georg Schett, Klaus Engelke
Summary: Opportunistic screening is a promising technique for identifying individuals at high risk for osteoporotic fracture using CT scans. This study compared the performance of four existing phantomless calibration methods and found that precalibrated phantomless calibration methods performed well.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Madison L. Doolittle, Dominik Saul, Japneet Kaur, Jennifer L. Rowsey, Stephanie J. Vos, Kevin D. Pavelko, Joshua N. Farr, David G. Monroe, Sundeep Khosla
Summary: The article provides a detailed characterization of senescent skeletal cells in vivo, identifying a population of senescent cells associated with age and increased in late osteoblasts/osteocytes and CD24(high) osteolineage cells. The authors also establish CD24 as a marker for skeletal cells cleared by senolytics.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Madison L. Doolittle, Sundeep Khosla, Dominik Saul
Summary: The regulation of bone mineral density (BMD) is influenced by genetics and age. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many genes associated with BMD, but their specific mechanisms in different cell types and during aging are still unclear. By analyzing age-related transcriptomics and single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets, this study investigated the cell-specific expression of GWAS candidate genes and identified enrichment in various cells related to bone metabolism. The findings provide potential therapeutic targets for osteoporosis treatment.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Madison L. L. Doolittle, Brittany A. A. Eckhardt, Stephanie J. J. Vos, Sarah Grain, Jennifer L. L. Rowsey, Ming Ruan, Dominik Saul, Joshua N. N. Farr, Megan M. M. Weivoda, Sundeep Khosla, David G. G. Monroe
Summary: Estrogen plays a crucial role in regulating bone mass, primarily through its action on ERalpha. Recent studies have shown that estrogen action in osteocytes is more important than in osteoclasts, and the loss of ERalpha in specific cell types results in decreased bone volume and reduced bone formation rate.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Pamela Rufus-Membere, Kara L. Holloway-Kew, Adolfo Diez-Perez, Natasha M. Appelman-Dijkstra, Mary L. Bouxsein, Erik F. Eriksen, Joshua N. Farr, Sundeep Khosla, Mark A. Kotowicz, Xavier Nogues, Mishaela Rubin, Julie A. Pasco
Summary: Impact microindentation (IMI) is a novel technique for assessing bone material strength index (BMSi) in vivo. The aim of this study was to define the reference intervals for men and women by evaluating healthy adults from multiple countries. BMSi values ranged from 48 to 101, with mean values of 84.4 +/- 6.9 for men and 79.0 +/- 9.1 for women.
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dominik Saul, Robyn Kosinsky, David Monroe, Madison Doolittle, Elizabeth Atkinson, Joshua Farr, Sundeep Khosla
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dominik Saul, David Monroe, Jennifer Rowsey, Robyn Kosinsky, Stephanie Vos, Madison Doolittle, Joshua Farr, Sundeep Khosla
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Danielle Whittier, Elizabeth Samelson, Marian Hannan, Emmanuel Biver, Pawel Szulc, Elisabeth Sornay-Rendu, Roland Chapurlat, David Goltzman, Sundeep Khosla, Serge Ferrari, Mary Bouxsein, Doug Kiel, Steven Boyd
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sundeep Khosla, Joshua N. Farr, David G. Monroe
Summary: Cellular senescence is a key mechanism in aging, especially in the skeletal system, and targeting senescent cells shows promise in preventing age-related bone loss and fragility. Efforts are underway to develop senolytic drugs that specifically kill senescent cells while sparing normal cells, offering a potential treatment for multiple age-related comorbidities.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jemima E. Schadow, David Maxey, Toby O. Smith, Mikko A. J. Finnila, Sarah L. Manske, Neil A. Segal, Andy Kin On Wong, Rachel A. Davey, Tom Turmezei, Kathryn S. Stok
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the published parameters for assessing subchondral bone in human osteoarthritis using computed tomography. The study identified clinically meaningful parameter categories and emphasized the importance of quantification and standardized measurement methods for improving the evaluation of disease progression.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lindsay L. Loundagin, Kim D. Harrison, Xuan Wei, David M. L. Cooper
Summary: This study developed new techniques to define zones of BMU activity based on the 3D morphology of remodeling spaces in rabbit cortical bone and integrated morphological data with the BMU longitudinal erosion rate (LER) to elucidate the spatial-temporal coordination of BMUs and estimate mineral apposition rate (MAR). The results showed that the manual and semi-automated methods accurately defined the zones of remodeling spaces, and these techniques have the potential to assess dynamic parameters of bone resorption and formation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Soroush Masrouri, Farzad Esmaeili, Maryam Tohidi, Fereidoun Azizi, Farzad Hadaegh
Summary: This study examined the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline and fracture incidence. The results showed that rapid kidney function decline (RKFD) can increase the incidence of fractures among the general population.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Steven J. Meas, Gabriella M. Daire, Michael A. Friedman, Rachel Denapoli, Preetam Ghosh, Joshua N. Farr, Henry J. Donahue
Summary: Age- and disuse-related bone loss both lead to decreases in bone mineral density, cortical thickness, and trabecular thickness and connectivity. It is important to experimentally compare these two mechanisms at a structural and transcriptomic level to better understand their similarities and differences. This study compares the effects of hindlimb unloading and aging on bone microarchitecture and gene expression in mice, finding that while both induce similar changes, aging has a greater impact on the transcriptome and tissue level.
Correction
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Masaru Matsuoka, Sho Tsukamoto, Yuta Orihara, Rieko Kawamura, Mai Kuratani, Nobuhiko Haga, Kenji Ikebuchi, Takenobu Katagiri
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel Kohler, Amy Creecy, David R. Williams, Matthew R. Allen, Joseph M. Wallace
Summary: Osteogenesis imperfecta is a hereditary bone disease that weakens bones and increase fracture risk. Current interventions mainly focus on increasing bone mass, but the compromised tissue-level material properties are not addressed. A study found that a RAL analog could reduce fracture risk, but further development is needed for optimal results in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
So Jeong Park, Eunhye Ji, Hyun Ju Yoo, Kyunggon Kim, Sunghwan Ji, Ji Yeon Baek, Jin Young Lee, Hee-Won Jung, Il-Young Jang, Eunju Lee, Namki Hong, Beom-Jun Kim
Summary: The study analyzed the relationship between serum lumican levels and osteosarcopenia in older adults, showing that older adults with osteosarcopenia had lower serum lumican levels. Lower serum lumican levels were associated with reduced bone mass and grip strength, indicating that lumican levels could be used as a biomarker for assessing the risk of osteosarcopenia, osteoporosis, or sarcopenia in older adults.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael B. Chavez, Michelle H. Tan, Tamara N. Kolli, Natalie L. Andras, Brian L. Foster
Summary: This study revealed the complex mechanisms by which disabling BSP functional domains led to profound and distinct changes in cementoblast cell functions, including dysregulated gene expression and reduced mineralization.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Julien Seiller, Blandine Merle, Romain Fort, Emilie Virot, Solene Poutrel, Giovanna Cannas, Arnaud Hot, Roland Chapurlat
Summary: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of bone fragility in sickle cell patients and to evaluate the potential risk factors and associated complications.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chirantap Oza, Anuradha Khadilkar, Pranay Goel, Madhura Karguppikar, Nikhil Shah, Nikhil Lohiya, Shruti Mondkar, Prashant Patil, Hemchand Prasad, Ankita Maheshwari, Dipali Ladkat, Neha Kajale, Chidvilas More, Devarati Khurjekar, Vaman Khadilkar
Summary: This study revealed that BoneXpert (BX) can be used for accurate assessment of bone age and screening of bone health in Indian children and youth with type-1 diabetes (T1D). 51.5% of T1D subjects showed significantly decreased metacarpal index (MCI). Height, Tanner stage, and vitamin D concentrations were positively correlated with MCI, while HbA1c and disease duration were negatively correlated with MCI.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mariam R. Farman, Catherine Rehder, Theodora Malli, Cheryl Rockman-Greenberg, Kathryn Dahir, Gabriel Angel Martos-Moreno, Agnes Linglart, Keiichi Ozono, Lothar Seefried, Guillermo del Angel, Gerald Webersinke, Francesca Barbazza, Lisa K. John, Sewmi M. A. Delana Mudiyanselage, Florian Hoegler, Erica Burner Nading, Erin Huggins, Eric T. Rush, Ahmed El-Gazzar, Priya S. Kishnani, Wolfgang Hoegler
Summary: The ALPL gene variant database serves as an archive for interpreting the clinical significance of ALPL gene variants, facilitating the reclassification of VUS and continuous updates. The project establishes an international expert consortium, providing a multidisciplinary collaboration framework to improve genetic counseling and medical decision-making for HPP patients.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giovanni Adami, Davide Gatti, Maurizio Rossini, Alessandro Giollo, Matteo Gatti, Francesco Bertoldo, Eugenia Bertoldo, Amy S. Mudano, Kenneth G. Saag, Ombretta Viapiana, Angelo Fassio
Summary: Certain diseases requiring glucocorticoids are independently associated with an increased risk of fractures. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and neurological diseases are associated with both vertebral and non-vertebral fracture risk, while rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are only associated with non-vertebral fractures.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Frank C. Ko, Rong Xie, Brandon Willis, Zoe G. Herdman, Bryan A. Dulion, Hoomin Lee, Chun-do Oh, Di Chen, D. Rick Sumner
Summary: Intramembranous bone regeneration is important in joint and tooth replacement, but its underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study found that increased periostin gene expression preceded increases in osteogenic genes during bone regeneration. Using a genetic mouse model, the researchers discovered that cells transiently expressing periostin played a critical role in intramedullary intramembranous bone regeneration.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
T. Savikangas, T. H. Suominen, M. Alen, T. Rantalainen, S. Sipila
Summary: Regular exercise, especially high-intensity physical activity, can help slow down age-related bone loss and prevent a decline in femoral neck bone mineral density.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mishaela R. Rubin, Ruban Dhaliwal
Summary: The increased risk of fractures observed in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) cannot be solely explained by modest decreases in areal bone mineral density (BMD). Accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in bone has been suggested as a possible cause for the increased bone fragility in diabetes. Although the evidence linking AGEs and fractures in individuals with T1D is limited, recent data show that AGEs, as measured by skin intrinsic fluorescence, are a risk factor for lower BMD in T1D. Further research is needed to determine if there is a causal relationship between fractures and AGEs in T1D. If confirmed, this could lead to interventions that can reduce AGE accumulation and ultimately reduce fractures in T1D patients.
