Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bryan M. Gannon, Lisa M. Rogers, Sherry A. Tanumihardjo
Summary: A systematic review was conducted to study the absorption, transport, storage, and metabolism of oral neonatal vitamin A supplementation. The review showed that high-dose NVAS is well absorbed by neonates and primarily stored in the liver, with transient increases in other organs. However, there is minimal data supporting NVAS for improving organ maturation or sustained delivery to target organs.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Camila Cristina Martini Rodrigues, Eder Gatti Fernandes, Paulo Piva dos Santos, Renato Yoshio Eguti, Antonio Carlos Pedroso-de-Lima, Gisela Tunes da Silva, Ana Marli Christovam Sartori
Summary: In Brazil, a study was conducted to analyze the impact of polio vaccines on rotavirus-associated intussusception. The results showed that the risk of intussusception was higher in the first week after vaccination, regardless of the rotavirus vaccine dose or the type of polio vaccine administered.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Huan Liu, Qixiong Chen, Linchao Yu, Ting Yang, Jie Chen, Jingkun Miao, Tingyu Li
Summary: The study found that vitamin A levels in healthy infants increased significantly with age, even without additional supplementation. The percentage of infants with low vitamin A levels decreased from birth to 6 months. No infants showed clinical signs of vitamin A deficiency during the follow-up period.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Nadezhda V. Yagovkina, Lev M. Zheleznov, Ksenia A. Subbotina, Andrey A. Tsaan, Liubov I. Kozlovskaya, Ilya V. Gordeychuk, Anastasia K. Korduban, Yury Y. Ivin, Anastasia A. Kovpak, Anastasia N. Piniaeva, Anna A. Shishova, Elena Y. Shustova, Yusuf K. Khapchaev, Galina G. Karganova, Alexandra A. Siniugina, Tatiana V. Pomaskina, Aleksandr A. Erovichenkov, Konstantin Chumakov, Aydar A. Ishmukhametov
Summary: A study conducted at Kirov Medical University found that immunization with bivalent Oral Poliovirus Vaccine (bOPV) can reduce the incidence of COVID-19, confirming the non-specific protective effect of live attenuated vaccines against off-target infections.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Suma Uday, Sunia Naseem, Jamie Large, Russell Denmeade, Philippa Goddard, Mary Anne Preece, Rachel Dunn, William Fraser, Jonathan C. Y. Tang, Wolfgang Hoegler
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency among newborns in an ethnically diverse UK population. Results showed that almost 70% of newborns and 85% of winter-born babies had Vitamin D concentrations below 50 nmol/L, highlighting the urgent need for a review of antenatal and infant Vitamin D supplementation programs.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Angela Y. Y. Chang, Peter Aaby, Michael S. Avidan, Christine S. Benn, Stefano M. Bertozzi, Lawrence Blatt, Konstantin Chumakov, Shabaana A. Khader, Shyam Kottilil, Madhav Nekkar, Mihai G. Netea, Annie Sparrow, Dean T. Jamison
Summary: This paper reports the economic evaluations of the non-specific effects (NSE) of oral polio vaccine (OPV) on under-five mortality and COVID-19. The results show that OPV can efficiently reduce child mortality in high mortality environments and may play an economically attractive role against COVID-19 in countries facing COVID-19 vaccine delays.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Farrokh Habibzadeh, Konstantin Chumakov, Mohammad M. Sajadi, Mahboobeh Yadollahie, Kristen Stafford, Ashraf Simi, Shyamasundaran Kottilil, Iman Hafizi-Rastani, Robert C. Gallo
Summary: Using oral polio vaccine (OPV) may be associated with a lower incidence of COVID-19 compared to using inactivated polio vaccine (IPV). This suggests that OPV may prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection at the individual level or slow down transmission at the community level.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ting Zhao, Jing Li, Hongyuan Shi, Hui Ye, Rufei Ma, Yuting Fu, Xiaochang Liu, Guoliang Li, Xiaolei Yang, Zhimei Zhao, Jingsi Yang
Summary: The study found that the IPV-IPV-bOPV sequential vaccination schedule did not provide sufficient mucosal immunity against poliovirus type 2, potentially increasing the risk of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2. Intestinal mucosal immunity was found to be related to shedding status and did not correlate with serum neutralizing antibody levels.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Christian Bjerregard Oland, Soren Wengel Mogensen, Amabelia Rodrigues, Christine S. Benn, Peter Aaby
Summary: The study revealed that children vaccinated with DTP and/or OPV between 3-35 months of age had higher mortality rates compared to unvaccinated children or those who received OPV only. Different mortality rates were observed among vaccination groups in specific age ranges.
CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Kimberly M. Thompson, Dominika A. Kalkowska, Kamran Badizadegan
Summary: Research has found substantial challenges in forecasting the demand for polio vaccines, primarily due to deviations in implementation of plans, lack of alignment of tactics/objectives among GPEI partners and other key stakeholders, financing issues, and uncertainty about development and licensure timelines for new polio vaccines and their field performance characteristics.
EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yi-Yan Pei, Yu Zhang, Xing-Chen Peng, Zhe-Ran Liu, Ping Xu, Fang Fang
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis found that vitamin D supplementation was not associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events or mortality. These findings do not support the routine use of vitamin D supplementation.
Article
Immunology
Khalequ Zaman, Stephanie D. Kovacs, Kristin Vanderende, Asma Aziz, Mohammed Yunus, Sara Khan, Cynthia J. Snider, Qian An, Concepcion F. Estivariz, M. Steven Oberste, Mark A. Pallansch, Abhijeet Anand
Summary: In a study conducted in Bangladesh, it was found that infants receiving two doses of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) can start at 6 weeks and achieve over 90% immune response, with even earlier initiation before 14 weeks.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yann Nguyen, Johanna Sigaux, Jean-Guillaume Letarouilly, Pauline Sanchez, Sebastien Czernichow, Rene-Marc Flipo, Martin Soubrier, Luca Semerano, Raphaele Seror, Jeremie Sellam, Claire Daien
Summary: Oral vitamin supplementation did not show significant reduction in RA activity, however, folic acid supplementation can prevent methotrexate-related side effects, and vitamin D can prevent musculo-skeletal complications in patients with vitamin D deficiency.
Article
Immunology
Sebastian Nielsen, Hasan Mahmud Sujan, Christine Stabell Benn, Peter Aaby, Syed Manzoor Ahmed Hanifi
Summary: Oral polio vaccine (OPV) campaigns have been associated with significant reductions in child mortality, particularly in reducing the risk of respiratory infections. Other types of campaigns did not show the same beneficial effects.
Article
Immunology
Ane B. Fisker, Justiniano S. D. Martins, Line M. Nanque, Andreas M. Jensen, Elsi J. C. Ca, Sebastian Nielsen, Cesario L. Martins, Amabelia Rodrigues
Summary: In a cluster-randomised trial in Guinea-Bissau, the oral polio vaccine (OPV) showed no overall effect on morbidity/mortality, but did have around a 30% reduction in males and BCG scar-positive individuals. This study suggests that OPV may have beneficial nonspecific effects, especially in males.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Syed Manzoor Ahmed Hanifi, Sofie Biering-Sorensen, Aksel Karl Georg Jensen, Peter Aaby, Abbas Bhuiya
Summary: The study investigated the potential association between Penta vaccinations and excess female deaths in rural Bangladesh. The findings showed a significantly higher female mortality rate among children vaccinated with Penta compared to those who received other vaccines, indicating possible non-specific effects of the vaccine.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Christian Bjerregard Oland, Soren Wengel Mogensen, Amabelia Rodrigues, Christine S. Benn, Peter Aaby
Summary: The study revealed that children vaccinated with DTP and/or OPV between 3-35 months of age had higher mortality rates compared to unvaccinated children or those who received OPV only. Different mortality rates were observed among vaccination groups in specific age ranges.
CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Thomas Engell-Sorensen, Andreas Rieckmann, Candida Medina, David da Silva Te, Amabelia Rodrigues, Ane Baerent Fisker, Peter Aaby, Christian Erikstrup, Sanne Jespersen, Christian Wejse, Bo Langhoff Honge
Summary: The study aimed to estimate the life expectancy of HIV-infected patients in Guinea-Bissau and compare it with the background population. The results showed that the life expectancy of HIV-infected patients was significantly lower compared to the background population, with no improvement observed over time in Bissau.
Article
Immunology
Kristoffer Jarlov Jensen, Lola Kathe Tolstrup, Darryn L. Knobel, Peter Aaby, Gregers Jungersen, Lars Erik Larsen, Charlotte Sonne Kristensen, Christine Stabell Benn
Summary: This study investigated the non-specific effects (NSE) of non-live rabies vaccine in piglets and the potential modifying effect of maternal priming with the rabies vaccine. The results showed that the rabies vaccine may have a beneficial effect in female piglets, but a negative effect in (castrated) male piglets from rabies-naive sows. However, these effects had waned by 12 weeks of age.
Article
Immunology
Marcus Kjaer Sorensen, Frederik Schaltz-Buchholzer, Andreas Moller Jensen, Sebastian Nielsen, Ivan Monteiro, Peter Aaby, Christine Stabell Benn
Summary: This study conducted a trial on low weight infants in Guinea-Bissau and did not find an association between early diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine administration and increased mortality in female infants. The differences in results compared to previous studies may be partly due to a decline in overall mortality and changes in vaccination practices.
Article
Immunology
Frederik Schaltz-Buchholzer, Marcus Kjaer Sorensen, Christine Stabell Benn, Peter Aaby
Summary: BCG vaccination may provide protection against childhood mortality, reducing both tuberculosis-related deaths and deaths from respiratory infections.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Peter Aaby, Heike Thoma, Klaus Dietz
Summary: This study examined measles mortality in an isolated German village, revealing that nearly all children under 14 years of age were affected by the epidemic. The overall case fatality ratio was 6.4%, with a higher rate of mortality observed among boys infected by girls in the household.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Frederik Schaltz-Buchholzer, Christian Bjerregard Oland, Mike Berendsen, Morten Bjerregaard-Andersen, Elise Brenno Stjernholm, Christian N. Golding, Ivan Monteiro, Peter Aaby, Christine Stabell Benn
Summary: Maternal BCG vaccination is associated with a reduced risk of severe infection in newborns, especially for males. Providing BCG to adults without a vaccination scar might enhance their offspring's capacity to handle severe infections.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
C. S. Benn, A. Salinha, S. Mendes, C. Cabral, C. Martins, S. Nielsen, A. B. Fisker, F. Schaltz-Buchholzer, C. S. Jorgensen, P. Aaby
Summary: Despite the low official number of COVID-19 cases, a study in urban Guinea-Bissau found a high prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibody positivity. Most of the antibody-positive individuals had not been ill. The official PCR-confirmed COVID-19 cases have significantly underestimated the prevalence of COVID-19 during the pandemic.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Andreas Rieckmann, Ane Baerent Fisker, Christian Bjerregard oland, Sebastian Nielsen, Rasmus Wibaek, Tina Bonde Sorensen, Cesario Lourenco Martins, Christine Stabell Benn, Peter Aaby
Summary: Malnutrition is an important contributing factor to child mortality in Guinea-Bissau. Despite a significant decline in child mortality, changes in the mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) distribution explain only a small portion of the decline. Understanding the driving factors of child mortality decline can inform future interventions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Frederik Schaltz-Buchholzer, Peter Aaby, Isaquel Silva, Ivan Monteiro, Tobias R. Kollmann, Nelly Amenyogbe, Morten Bjerregaard-Andersen, Christine Stabell Benn
Summary: This study suggests that maternal BCG vaccine may be associated with reduced overall NICU mortality rate in newborns.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Peter Aaby, Sebastian Nielsen, Ane B. Fisker, Line M. Pedersen, Paul Welaga, Syed M. A. Hanifi, Cesario L. Martins, Amabelia Rodrigues, Konstantin Chumakov, Christine S. Benn
Summary: Oral polio vaccine (OPV) has beneficial non-specific effects (NSEs) in reducing non-polio child mortality. OPV coadministered with diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine is associated with lower mortality compared to DTP-only, while absence of OPV is associated with higher mortality. Early use of OPV also reduces infant mortality.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Christine S. Benn, Peter Aaby
Summary: Measles vaccine may have beneficial effects beyond preventing measles infection, possibly due to measles-induced immune amnesia or beneficial non-specific immune training effects. Epidemiological studies support the hypothesis of immune amnesia, but there are also contradictory observations.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Anne Marie Rosendahl Madsen, Frederik Schaltz-Buchholzer, Sebastian Nielsen, Thomas Benfield, Morten Bjerregaard-Andersen, Lars Skov Dalgaard, Christine Dam, Sisse Bolm Ditlev, Gulia Faizi, Mihnaz Azizi, Zainab Nadhim Hameed, Isik Somuncu Johansen, Poul-Erik Kofoed, Tyra Grove Krause, Gitte Schultz Kristensen, Ellen Christine Leth Loekkegaard, Christian Backer Mogensen, Libin Mohamed, Emilie Sundhaugen Oedegaard, Anne Ostenfeld, Marcus Kjaer Soerensen, Christian Wejse, Mihai G. Netea, Peter Aaby, Christine Stabell Benn
Summary: In a randomized clinical trial among Danish health care workers, BCG vaccination had no overall effect on absenteeism, COVID-19 incidence, hospitalization risk, or self-reported infectious diseases. BCG revaccination was associated with increased COVID-19 incidence, but reduced hospitalization risk.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sanne Marie Thysen, Andreas Moller Jensen, Julie Odgaard Vedel, Igualdino da Silva Borges, Peter Aaby, Aksel Karl Georg Jensen, Christine Stabell Benn, Ane Baerent Fisker
Summary: The study aims to assess the impact of providing BCG vaccine at the first health-facility contact on early infant mortality and morbidity in a rural setting in Guinea-Bissau.