Article
Plant Sciences
Laura Carmona-Salazar, Rebecca E. Cahoon, Jaime Gasca-Pineda, Ariadna Gonzalez-Solis, Rosario Vera-Estrella, Victor Trevino, Edgar B. Cahoon, Marina Gavilanes-Ruiz
Summary: This study demonstrates that sphingolipid species in different membrane sources vary in concentration, diversity, and predominance, with each membrane containing its own specific assortment based on the proportion of sphingolipid classes and the predominance of individual species.
Article
Microbiology
Simon Czolkoss, Xenia Safronov, Sascha Rexroth, Lisa R. Knoke, Meriyem Aktas, Franz Narberhaus
Summary: Research has shown that the cell membranes of Agrobacterium tumefaciens contain specialized microdomains enriched with specific proteins related to cell envelope biogenesis, transport, secretion, bacterial motility and chemotaxis. Additionally, proteins associated with the pathogenicity of A. tumefaciens were found to be compartmentalized into these functional microdomains.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Oleg Batishchev, Natalia Kuzmina, Andrey A. Mozhaev, Alexander S. Goryashchenko, Ekaterina D. Mileshina, Alexander N. Orsa, Eduard Bocharov, Igor E. Deyev, Alexander G. Petrenko
Summary: This study provides insights into the structural and activation mechanisms of IRR, identifying two conformations of inactive IRR in neutral media and two presumably active IRR conformations at pH 9.0, all showing formation of intracellular catalytic domains responsible for autophosphorylation.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Carolina Ortiz-Sanz, Uxue Balantzategi, Tania Quintela-Lopez, Asier Ruiz, Celia Luchena, Jone Zuazo-Ibarra, Estibaliz Capetillo-Zarate, Carlos Matute, Jose L. Zugaza, Elena Alberdi
Summary: Research has shown that Aβ oligomers play a novel role in synaptic dysfunction in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease by modifying the contribution of NR2B to NMDAR composition and function through an integrin β1 and PKC-dependent pathway.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Essam Kotb, Amira H. Alabdalall, Mariam A. Alsayed, Azzah I. Alghamdi, Eida Alkhaldi, Sayed AbdulAzeez, J. Francis Borgio
Summary: In this study, alkaline protease-producing bacteria were isolated from different regions of Saudi Arabia, and Bacillus sp. Mar64 was identified as the strain with the highest productivity. The enzyme showed maximum productivity at 60 h, pH 9.0, and 45°C, using tyrosine and maltose as nitrogen and carbon sources, respectively. It exhibited specific activity, thermal stability, and pH stability, and was tentatively classified as a metalloprotease-type. The enzyme showed compatibility with organic solvents, effectiveness in removing stains and skin hairs, as well as hydrolyzing gelatin in waste X-ray films, making it a potential environmentally friendly candidate in detergent and leather industries.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Asanda Sokombela, Bahlebi K. Eiasu, Patrick Nyambo
Summary: This study aimed to determine the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer rates on plant growth performance and leaf nutrient composition of moringa. The results showed that moringa trees treated with 100 kg N ha(-1) and 80 kg P ha(-1) had significantly better growth performance and higher nutrient content compared to other treatment combinations.
FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Filipe C. Thewes, Matthias Krueger, Peter Sollich
Summary: Understanding the phase behavior of mixtures with many components is crucial for various applications, such as describing intracellular compartmentalization. This study investigates the phase ordering instabilities in a complex model that represents biological mixtures using random second virial coefficients. By manipulating the concentration of a few components, it is possible to change the nature of the instability and achieve demixing, highlighting the interplay between interaction complexity and entropic effects.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Karen Nataly Strack, Maria Alejandra Garcia, Dario Marcelino Cabezas, Sonia Zulma Vina, Cecilia Dini
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of autoclaving and high-intensity ultrasound on cassava pulp to alter its starch and fiber content. Autoclaving significantly increased the fiber content and decreased digestible starch, while ultrasound had minimal effects. The combination of these methods further increased resistant starch but did not significantly alter the sorption properties.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Xi Chen, Zhaofei Yang, Yaping Shao, Kunhyok Kim, Yuanyuan Wang, Ying Wang, Haifeng Wu, Xiaolan Xu, Weidong Le
Summary: The PD mouse model exhibited early changes in neurotransmitters, morphology, and DNA methylation within MSNs, which in turn may contribute to alterations in metabolism, morphology, and epigenetics within the striatum in the later stages of the disease.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Shin-ichi Miyoshi, Naomi Okubo, Satoko Mitsumori
Summary: Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) and polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (POLE) are major surfactants in washing detergents. This study isolated LAS-resistant Gram-negative bacteria and POLE-resistant Gram-positive bacteria from soil samples, suggesting that the combination of LAS and POLE may be more effective in eliminating soil bacteria from clothes and daily necessities.
JOURNAL OF SURFACTANTS AND DETERGENTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zainab Fakih, Melodie B. Plourde, Charlene Eugenie Tomi Nkouankou, Victor Fourcassie, Sylvie Bourassa, Arnaud Droit, Hugo Germain
Summary: Plants have developed strategies to cope with various stresses, and ribosomes can adapt to different stress conditions. By analyzing immunopurified ribosomes from Arabidopsis leaves treated with an inducer of plant innate immunity, potential ribosome-associated proteins involved in innate immunity were identified.
PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lei Wan, Xi Chen, Wolfhard Almers
Summary: Syntaxin plays a crucial role in catalyzing membrane fusion during exocytosis and forms clusters in the plasma membrane. The mechanism of cluster formation differs between on-granule and off-granule clusters in live PC12 cells.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
V. N. Nesterov, E. S. Bogdanova, O. A. Rozentsvet
Summary: The study investigated the lipid composition and fatty acids in detergent-resistant membranes of chloroplasts and mitochondria in salt-accumulating halophyte plants of the Amaranthaceae family, Salicornia perennans and Suaeda salsa. The composition of lipids in detergent-resistant membranes differed from total lipids, mainly in the abundance of cerebrosides and sterols. Under salt stress, there was a significant increase in the relative content of cerebrosides in detergent-resistant chloroplast membranes of S. perennans and detergent-resistant mitochondrial membranes of S. salsa, while the relative content of sterols decreased. These results indicate the involvement of detergent-resistant membranes in the interaction of chloroplasts and mitochondria in the cellular response of halophytes to salinity.
RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jiang-Peng Fan, Hui-Zhen Geng, Ya-Wei Ji, Tao Jia, Jennifer B. Treweek, An-An Li, Chun-Yi Zhou, Viviana Gradinaru, Cheng Xiao
Summary: Key components in the nigrostriatal DA system exhibit distinct aging patterns and may contribute to age-related alterations in locomotion and coordination.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bankala Krishnarjuna, Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy
Summary: Atomic-resolution structural studies of membrane-associated proteins and peptides in a membrane environment are important for understanding their biological function and disease pathology. Recent advancements in NMR spectroscopy, cryoEM approaches, and the development of novel membrane mimetics have overcome the complexity of the cell membrane and enabled reconstitution and investigation of membrane proteins.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Camille C. Metier, Jiaming Peng, Yong Xu, Hayley Wootton, Victoire Riesi, Steven Lynham, Sirine Zadi, Carrie Turner, Matthew E. Wand, J. Mark Sutton, Gerd K. Wagner
Summary: This study demonstrates the application of a covalent probe based on a D-glucosamine scaffold for profiling bacterial pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae, generating strain-specific signatures and differentiating a carbapenem-resistant strain. The probe's labeling profile includes low-abundance proteins not easily detected by conventional methods, and initial target identification suggests a role for carbohydrate-recognising proteins in target recognition.
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Israel Olapeju Bolanle, Kirsten Riches-Suman, Ritchie Williamson, Timothy M. Palmer
Summary: Protein O-GlcNAcylation has emerged as a new mechanism in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, playing a vital role in modulating vascular homeostasis and cardiac function through altering cellular functions of target proteins. Studying this mechanism may provide new therapeutic targets for the development of more effective medicines.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Susan K. Vester, Rebecca L. Beavil, Steven Lynham, Andrew J. Beavil, Deborah S. Cunninghame Graham, James M. McDonnell, Timothy J. Vyse
Summary: The study identified nucleolin as a cell surface receptor of C1QTNF4, with interaction mediated by the second C1q-like domain of C1QTNF4 and the C terminus of nucleolin. C1QTNF4 primarily targets monocytes and B cells, actively internalizing upon cell binding. The findings contribute to a better understanding of C1QTNF4's role in the healthy immune system and its association with the development of systemic lupus erythematosus.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Israel O. Bolanle, Kirsten Riches-Suman, Mahmoud Loubani, Ritchie Williamson, Timothy M. Palmer
Summary: Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) using autologous saphenous vein remains the gold standard for treating CAD patients, but those with T2DM are at higher risk of graft failure. Protein O-GlcNAcylation has emerged as a key mechanism in the pathogenesis of vein graft failure in T2DM, providing potential therapeutic targets for new drug development.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Steven Lynham, Fabio Grundland Freile, Natasha M. Puri, Nicola O'Reilly, Graham H. Mitchell, Timothy N. C. Wells, Merlin Willcox, Richard Beatson
Summary: Compounds and proteins from plants have significantly contributed to modern medicine. Vernonia amygdalina extract was found to inhibit TGF beta 1, which may help treat various infectious diseases. This discovery of a plant-derived cytokine-neutralizing protein opens up opportunities for further research.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lisa Watson, Tanya N. Soliman, Khalil Davis, Joanna Kelly, Nicola Lockwood, Xiaoping Yang, Steven Lynham, John D. Scott, Victoria Crossland, Neil Q. McDonald, David J. Mann, Alan Armstrong, Ulrike Eggert, Peter J. Parker
Summary: The study elucidates the role of PKC-ε in exiting from the abscission checkpoint. Assembly of the 14-3-3 complex and phosphorylation of Aurora B S227 are directly linked to the activity-dependent enrichment of PKC-ε at the midbody, with 14-3-3 association shown to be unnecessary for PKC-ε control.
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Janja Bozic, Helena Motaln, Anja Pucer Janez, Lara Markic, Priyanka Tripathi, Alfred Yamoah, Eleonora Aronica, Youn-Bok Lee, Raphael Heilig, Roman Fischer, Andrew J. Thompson, Anand Goswami, Boris Rogelj
Summary: Repeat expansions in the C9orf72 gene are a common cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. In this study, the interactions between the dipeptide repeat proteins and their target partners were investigated. The results showed that these interactions are involved in various cellular processes, including protein translation, signal transduction, protein degradation, amide metabolism, and RNA binding. The study also demonstrated the sequestration of VCP by polyGA aggregates, leading to alterations in autophagy processes.
Article
Microbiology
Gilberto Betancor, Jose M. Jimenez-Guardeno, Steven Lynham, Robin Antrobus, Hataf Khan, Andrew Sobala, Matthew D. J. Dicks, Michael H. Malim
Summary: Dual functions of MX2 in innate immunity against HIV-1 and nuclear import of cellular proteins are regulated by phosphorylation. Interferon-stimulated genes establish an antiviral state by activating expression of antiviral cytokines. MX2 inhibits the nuclear import of HIV-1 through interactions with viral capsid and cellular transport machinery, with phosphorylation of its N-terminal domain regulating its antiviral activity and interactions. Interferon treatment reduces phosphorylation levels, highlighting a homeostatic regulatory mechanism balancing MX2's effects on normal cell function with immunity against HIV-1.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Fauzy Nasher, Aidan J. Taylor, Abdi Elmi, Burhan Lehri, Umer Z. Ijaz, Dave Baker, Richard Goram, Steven Lynham, Dipali Singh, Richard Stabler, David J. Kelly, Ozan Gundogdu, Brendan W. Wren
Summary: RrpA and RrpB play important roles in the survival of Campylobacter jejuni under redox stress. RrpA positively regulates mdaB, which contributes to protection from redox stress, while RrpB negatively regulates cj1555c (renamed nfrA), which encodes a flavin reductase.
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Michele Mishto, Yehor Horokhovskyi, John A. Cormican, Xiaoping Yang, Steven Lynham, Henning Urlaub, Juliane Liepe
Summary: Unconventional epitopes are emerging targets for T cell immunotherapy, and mass spectrometry is commonly used for their identification. This study compared the performance of three database search engines and found that PEAKS DB showed better performance in identifying cis-spliced peptides and HLA class I immunopeptidomes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qiongju Qiu, Giancarlo Abis, Florence Mattingly-Peck, Steven Lynham, Franca Fraternali, Maria R. Conte
Summary: Human soluble epoxide hydrolase (hsEH) is a crucial regulator of epoxy fatty acid metabolism. Inhibiting hsEH can ameliorate various pathological conditions. Previous research focused on finding drugs that directly inhibit the enzyme's activity, but the disappointing results of clinical trials have led to the exploration of alternative approaches. This study reveals that endogenous electrophilic lipids and nitro fatty acids can covalently bind to different sites of hsEH, providing insights for the design of new pharmacological agents.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Paula M. Corsini, Sunjun Wang, Saima Rehman, Katherine Fenn, Amin Sagar, Slobodan Sirovica, Leanne Cleaver, Charlotte J. C. Edwards-Gayle, Giulia Mastroianni, Ben Dorgan, Lee M. Sewell, Steven Lynham, Dinu Iuga, W. Trent Franks, James Jarvis, Guy H. Carpenter, Michael A. Curtis, Pau Bernado, Vidya C. Darbari, James A. Garnett
Summary: This study investigates the role of SslE protein in biofilm formation in Escherichia coli. The findings reveal that SslE has a unique and dynamic structure and can form aggregates with amyloid-like properties under acidic conditions. Additionally, SslE interacts with DNA and co-localizes with extracellular DNA in biofilms, suggesting its importance in biofilm maturation in various E. coli strains.
NPJ BIOFILMS AND MICROBIOMES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Gilberto Betancor, Madeleine Bangham, Jun Ki Jeon, Kanisha Shah, Steven Lynham, Jose M. Jimenez-Guardeno, Michael H. Malim
Summary: Phosphorylation of MX2 plays a crucial role in regulating its antiviral activity and determining susceptible viral substrates.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Sarah J. Marzi, Brian M. Schilder, Alexi Nott, Carlo Sala Frigerio, Sandrine Willaime-Morawek, Magda Bucholc, Diane P. Hanger, Charlotte James, Patrick A. Lewis, Ilianna Lourida, Wendy Noble, Francisco Rodriguez-Algarra, Jalil-Ahmad Sharif, Maria Tsalenchuk, Laura M. Winchester, Umran Yaman, Zhi Yao, Janice M. Ranson, David J. Llewellyn
Summary: This article reviews the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in dementia research. The challenges of reproducibility and cross-species translation are discussed, and the potential of AI and ML methods to enhance research and translation is evaluated. Data resources and AI approaches are highlighted as solutions, and the exciting future possibilities of multi-omics analysis with AI in drug discovery are mentioned.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
James Glover, Edward J. Scourfield, Leandro N. Ventimiglia, Xiaoping Yang, Steven Lynham, Monica Agromayor, Juan Martin-Serrano
Summary: This study reveals that UMAD1 is an important component in the process of cytokinetic abscission, facilitating the final stage of cell division by interacting with ESCRT-I.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2023)