Article
Neurosciences
Ruth Westenbroek, Joshua Kaplan, Katie Viray, Nephi Stella
Summary: The study uncovers the molecular mechanism behind the therapeutic response of ABHD6 inhibition in reducing seizures. It shows that reducing ABHD6 activity can decrease the premature lethality and thermally induced seizures in a genetic mouse model of Dravet Syndrome. The mechanism involves the potentiation of extrasynaptic GABAAR currents without affecting synaptic GABAAR currents. This discovery provides insights for developing targeted therapies for controlling hippocampal hyperexcitability in Dravet Syndrome.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Wolfgang Loescher
Summary: Ivermectin is a potent antiparasitic drug, but it is not suitable for the treatment of epilepsy due to its limited penetration into the mammalian brain, non-selective activation of multiple receptors, equivocal preclinical evidence for antiseizure effects, and lack of direct antiseizure effect in clinical studies.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Elkana Kohn, Mirit Lezinger, Sharon Daniel, Majdi Masarwi, Nurit Brandriss, Adina Bar-Chaim, Matitiahu Berkovitch, Eli Heyman, Rinat Komargodski
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of Lacosamide in pediatric epilepsy patients, and explored the correlation between Lacosamide serum concentration, age, and dosage. Forty-two children with epilepsy were included in the study, and the results showed no significant association between Lacosamide serum levels and clinical response or between dosage and change in seizure rate. The study suggests that therapeutic drug monitoring for Lacosamide may not be necessary, but further research is needed.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Deepti Zutshi, Scott R. Millis, Maysaa M. Basha, Maha A. Daimee, Meghana Srinivas
Summary: This study aimed to determine the impact of pregnancy on serum LCM levels in women with epilepsy, and found that LCM levels decreased during pregnancy, particularly in the second and third trimesters. Despite the decrease in DNC levels, there were no significant changes in seizure frequency, and none of the neonates showed teratogenic findings at birth.
EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Irene Vuu, Edward E. Patterson, Chun-Yi Wu, Dorota Zolkowska, Ilo E. Leppik, Michael A. Rogawski, Gregory A. Worrell, Vaclav Kremen, James C. Cloyd, Lisa D. Coles
Summary: This study characterizes the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of allopregnanolone, providing a basis for designing clinical studies evaluating its effectiveness as an early treatment for status epilepticus in dogs and people.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Davide Bassetti
Summary: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the main neurotransmitter in the brain responsible for inhibiting neuronal activity. GABA(B) receptors play a crucial role in regulating proliferation, migration, and cell inhibition. They can shape neuronal activity and contribute to development by modulating the function of cells in response to varying levels of GABA concentration.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ciria C. Hernandez, Yanwen Shen, Ningning Hu, Wangzhen Shen, Vinodh Narayanan, Keri Ramsey, Wen He, Liping Zou, Robert L. Macdonald
Summary: Febrile seizures (FS) are the most common form of epilepsy in children between six months and five years of age. Most of the variants associated with FS are found in the GABA(A) receptor gamma 2 subunit (GABRG2), leading to the loss of receptor function and negative impact on receptor biogenesis. Variants in GABRG2 result in a spectrum of phenotypic severity, ranging from asymptomatic to Dravet syndrome individuals, highlighting the relationship between the occurrence of variants and disease severity.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lucia Bernasconi, Azzurra Schicchi, Valeria M. Petrolini, Alberto Malovini, Davide Lonati, Federico Fassio, Eleonora Buscaglia, Giulia Scaravaggi, Francesca Crema, Carlo A. Locatelli
Summary: This study retrospectively observed all cases of acute lacosamide poisoning referred to the Pavia Poison Control Centre from January 2012 to December 2021. The study collected information on patients' age, sex, ingested dose, coingestants, clinical manifestations, treatment, and outcome.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Athapaththu Mudiyanselage Gihan Kavinda Athapaththu, Ilandarage Menu Neelaka Molagoda, Rajapaksha Gedara Prasad Tharanga Jayasooriya, Yung Hyun Choi, You-Jin Jeon, Joung-Hyun Park, Bae-Jin Lee, Gi-Young Kim
Summary: Supplementation of exogenous GABA activates IGF-1 signaling pathway and promotes growth in zebrafish larvae by upregulating growth-stimulating genes. The stimulation of IGF-1 release by GABA is mediated through GABA(A) and GABA(B) receptors, leading to enhanced growth performance via IGF-1 receptor activation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nathan L. Absalom, Vivian W. Y. Liao, Katrine M. H. Johannesen, Elena Gardella, Julia Jacobs, Gaetan Lesca, Zeynep Gokce-Samar, Alexis Arzimanoglou, Shimriet Zeidler, Pasquale Striano, Pierre Meyer, Ira Benkel-Herrenbrueck, Inger-Lise Mero, Jutta Rummel, Mary Chebib, Rikke S. Moller, Philip K. Ahring
Summary: This study discovered that pathogenic mutations in the GABRB3 gene can be divided into gain-of-function and loss-of-function groups, with patients in each group displaying distinct clinical features. Patients with gain-of-function mutations had earlier age of seizure onset, higher risk of severe intellectual disability, more severe seizures, and poorer response to treatment. Febrile seizures at onset were exclusively found in patients with loss-of-function mutations.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Melissa Ann Huberman, Carolina Mallar, Paige M. Kalika
Summary: This study reports a case of a three-week-old female neonate who developed second-degree atrioventricular (AV) heart block and cardiac arrest after initiating lacosamide therapy. The patient was being treated for neonatal seizure with phenobarbital, levetiracetam, and phenytoin. The patient had no known cardiac risk factors before starting lacosamide therapy and experienced no recurring episodes or other cardiac events after medication discontinuation.
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Bradley M. Roberts, Emanuel F. Lopes, Stephanie J. Cragg
Summary: Striatal dopamine release is inhibited by striatal gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting via GABA(A) and GABA(B) receptors, which is regulated by plasma membrane GABA uptake transporters on striatal astrocytes. The regulation of striatal GABA-DA interactions serves as a potential therapeutic target for psychomotor disorders associated with dysregulated DA signaling.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Yehezkel Ben-Ari, Eric Delpire
Summary: The study shows that phenobarbital and midazolam can reduce neonatal seizures following birth asphyxia, but their effectiveness is dependent on the timing of administration; in contrast, the chloride importer antagonist has no effect on reducing seizures. However, the efficacy of drugs on seizures may be influenced by recurrent seizures.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Monika Banach, Monika Rudkowska, Agata Sumara, Kinga Borowicz-Reutt
Summary: Experimental studies suggest that amiodarone may enhance the antielectroshock activity of oxcarbazepine and pregabalin, while causing memory disturbances when used in combination with certain antiepileptic drugs. There is a potential risk of elevated brain concentrations of amiodarone when coadministered with oxcarbazepine, topiramate, or pregabalin.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ana Gonzalez-Ramos, Eliska Waloschkova, Apostolos Mikroulis, Zaal Kokaia, Johan Bengzon, Marco Ledri, My Andersson, Merab Kokaia
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential for regulating human neuronal network activity by transplanting light-sensitive GABAergic interneurons. It provides a new avenue for controlling neurological disorders through precise temporal modulation of network excitability.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Andrea Loggini, Raisa C. Martinez, Christopher L. Kramer
NEUROCRITICAL CARE
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Zachary Bulwa, Victor J. Del Brutto, Andrea Loggini, Faten El Ammar, Raisa C. Martinez, Gregory Christoforidis, James R. Brorson, Agnieszka A. Ardelt, Fernando D. Goldenberg
JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
(2020)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Andrea Loggini, Valentina Vasenina, Ali Mansour, Paramita Das, Peleg M. Horowitz, Fernando D. Goldenberg, Christopher Kramer, Christos Lazaridis
JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Faten El Ammar, Agnieszka Ardelt, Victor J. Del Brutto, Andrea Loggini, Zachary Bulwa, Raisa C. Martinez, Cedric J. McKoy, James Brorson, Ali Mansour, Fernando D. Goldenberg
JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
(2020)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Andrea Loggini, Victor J. Del Brutto, Faten El Ammar, Zachary B. Bulwa, Faddi Velez, Cedric McKoy, Raisa C. Martinez, James Brorson, Fernando D. Goldenberg, Agnieszka A. Ardelt
NEUROCRITICAL CARE
(2020)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Andrea Loggini, Ruth Tangonan, Faten El Ammar, Ali Mansour, Fernando D. Goldenberg, Christopher L. Kramer, Christos Lazaridis
CLINICAL NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY
(2020)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Andrea Loggini, Ali Mansour, Faten El Ammar, Christos Lazaridis, Christopher L. Kramer, Zachary Bulwa, Faddi Saleh Velez, Cedric McCoy, Fernando D. Goldenberg
Summary: The study focused on patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage admitted to the neurocritical care unit through the Emergency Department, aiming to identify clinical variables associated with prolonged length of stay. A decision tree model revealed that intubation status, neurosurgical intervention, and components of the ICH score were reliable predictors of prolonged length of stay.
NEUROCRITICAL CARE
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Ali Mansour, Andrea Loggini, Faten El Ammar, Daniel Ginat, Issam A. Awad, Christos Lazaridis, Christopher Kramer, Valentina Vasenina, Sean P. Polster, Anna Huang, Henry Olivera Perez, Paramita Das, Peleg M. Horowitz, Tanya Zakrison, David Hampton, Selwyn O. Rogers, Fernando D. Goldenberg
Summary: This study investigated the presence of cerebrovascular injuries in a large sample of civilian penetrating brain injury patients, with findings showing that 60% of patients had at least one vascular injury, mainly involving pseudoaneurysms and occlusions in the arterial system, and occlusions in the venous sinus system.
NEUROCRITICAL CARE
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Ali Mansour, Andrea Loggini, Fernando D. Goldenberg, Christopher Kramer, Andrew M. Naidech, Faten El Ammar, Valentina Vasenina, Brandyn Castro, Paramita Das, Peleg M. Horowitz, Theodore Karrison, Tanya Zakrison, David Hampton, Selwyn O. Rogers, Christos Lazaridis
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between coagulopathy and clinical presentation, radiographical features, and outcome in civilian patients with PBI. The findings showed that coagulopathy was associated with lower GCS-Motor score, blood product transfusion, and higher mortality rates in PBI patients. Effacement of basal cisterns was also found to be a significant radiographical feature related to coagulopathy. Further research is needed to explore the role and potential reversal of coagulopathy in this specific group of patients.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Andrea Loggini, Ruth Tangonan, Faten El Ammar, Ali Mansour, Christopher L. Kramer, Christos Lazaridis, Fernando D. Goldenberg
Summary: Neuroendocrine dysfunction (NED) in the acute setting of penetrating brain injury is common, affecting both anterior and posterior pituitary. Limited data on optimal management highlight the need for more prospective studies to characterize clinical features and therapeutic interventions for NED in PBI.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Andrea Loggini, Faten El Ammar, Ali Mansour, Christopher L. Kramer, Fernando D. Goldenberg, Christos Lazaridis
Summary: This study suggests a significant association between hypocalcemia and hyponatremia with hematoma expansion and worse outcome in intracerebral hemorrhage patients, while the association with hypomagnesemia is weaker.
JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Andrea Loggini, Faten El Ammar, Issam A. Awad, Christos Lazaridis, Christopher L. Kramer, Christi Kordeck, Cedric McKoy, Fernando D. Goldenberg, Ali Mansour
Summary: IH-ICH patients have a higher prevalence of cardiac disease, cancer, coagulopathy, and higher SOFA scores compared to ED-ICH patients, with a shorter time to diagnosis and more significant changes in ICH category within the first 6 hours. The accuracy of ICH score is limited in IH-ICH patients, highlighting the need for prospective validation.
JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Andrea Loggini, Faten El Ammar, Andrea J. Darzi, Ali Mansour, Christopher L. Kramer, Fernando D. Goldenberg, Christos Lazaridis
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of desmopressin on hematoma expansion in antiplatelet-associated intracerebral hemorrhage. The results showed that desmopressin was associated with a non-significant reduction in hematoma expansion but worse neurologic outcomes compared to controls.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Christos Lazaridis, Ali Mansour, Ronald Alvarado-Dyer, Ruth Tangonan, Andrea Loggini, Christopher Kramer, Fernando D. Goldenberg
Summary: Civilian firearm-inflicted penetrating brain injury (PBI) results in high morbidity and mortality rates. There is a relationship between coagulopathy and cerebrovascular injuries, which can affect the severity of injuries and prognosis predictions. Further research is needed to clarify the role of coagulopathy in brain injuries.
CURRENT NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Andrea Loggini, Ali Mansour, Faten El Ammar, Ruth Tangonan, Christopher L. Kramer, Fernando D. Goldenberg, Christos Lazaridis
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between EKG abnormalities and mortality in ICH patients. The presence of TWI was found to be significantly associated with mortality, and adding TWI to the ICH score improved prognostic accuracy. However, the disappearance of TWI during hospitalization did not lead to improved survival outcomes.
JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
(2021)