Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Justin E. Silpe, Joel W. H. Wong, Sian Owen, Michael Baym, Emily P. Balskus
Summary: Colibactin is a chemically unstable small-molecule genotoxin produced by various bacteria, and it induces bacterial cell death by targeting bacteria containing prophages. Exogenous DNA or expression of Colibactin resistance protein can protect bacteria from the toxic effects of Colibactin. This study reveals the potential impact of Colibactin production on microbiomes and highlights the role of microbial natural products in influencing population-level events.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Oleksii Zdorevskyi, Amina Djurabekova, Jonathan Lasham, Vivek Sharma
Summary: Respiratory complex I is an redox-driven proton pump that contributes to mitochondrial ATP generation. The recent cryo-EM structural data revealed the positions of water molecules in the membrane domain of the complex, but the flow of protons in the membrane-bound subunits is still unclear. Computer simulations on high-resolution structural data show that protons can travel through the antiporter-like subunits, including at the subunit-subunit interface parallel to the membrane. Our simulations also demonstrate the role of conserved tyrosine residues and electrostatic effects in facilitating proton transfer. These results challenge prevailing proton pumping models of respiratory complex I.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ahmed E. Zoheir, Morgan S. Sobol, Laura Meisch, Diana Ordonez-Rueda, Anne-Kristin Kaster, Christof M. Niemeyer, Kersten S. Rabe
Summary: The RGB-S reporter, a plasmid containing red, green, and blue fluorescent proteins, allows for simultaneous, independent, and real-time analysis of the transcriptional response of Escherichia coli to physiological stress, genotoxicity, and cytotoxicity. This bioreporter is compatible with standard analysis and Fluorescent Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) combined with transcriptome analysis. The RGB-S reporter reveals the impact of various stressors on non-stress-related metabolic pathways and enables spatiotemporal analysis of live biofilms.
NPJ BIOFILMS AND MICROBIOMES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Dariusz Nowicki, Klaudyna Krause, Patrycja Szamborska, Adrianna Zukowska, Grzegorz M. Cech, Agnieszka Szalewska-Palasz
Summary: Bacterial resistance to known antibiotics poses a serious threat to public health, motivating the search for new therapeutic strategies utilizing compounds from nature. Specific plant metabolites, such as isothiocyanates, have been found to exhibit significant antibacterial effects by inducing the stringent response and amino acid starvation in pathogenic bacteria. Synergistic effects between different isothiocyanates have been observed, leading to a lower minimal inhibitory concentration for bacterial growth inhibition. This unique mode of action also inhibits prophage induction and toxin production in pathogenic strains, suggesting potential therapeutic applications for plant secondary metabolites.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Maxsueli Aparecida Moura Machado, Vinicius Silva Castro, Adelino da Cunha Neto, Ricardo Cesar Tavares Carvalho, Kim Stanford, Carlos Adam Conte-Junior, Eduardo Eustaquio de Souza Figueiredo
Summary: This study aimed to characterize Escherichia coli (E. coli) and shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) isolates from Brazilian beef to determine their heat resistance and the presence of the transmissible locus of stress tolerance (tLST). Results showed that 3 out of 22 STEC isolates were heat resistant, 12 were moderately resistant, and 7 were sensitive to heat treatments. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) analysis revealed that the heat-resistant isolates carried tLST genes with high similarity to the homeostasis module genes in E. coli. However, no stx genes associated with tLST-positive isolates were found, although virulence and resistance genes were detected in extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC).
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Ariadni Androvitsanea, Kostas Stylianou, Eleni Drosataki, Ioannis Petrakis
Summary: Research has shown that heat-shock proteins can have varying effects on the immune system, either triggering immune responses or alleviating them, which is important for studying and treating autoimmune diseases.
Article
Microbiology
Vinicius Silva Castro, Skyler Ngo, Kim Stanford
Summary: This study evaluated 48 E. coli isolates for Shiga toxin production, and only 11 isolates with intact stx gene were able to produce the toxin. Acidic pH down-regulated the production of Shiga toxin, while non-lethal heating at 40°C in neutral pH and milk favored its induction. Two isolates (O26 and O103) showed a higher capacity to produce Shiga toxin and were included in a genomic cluster associated with foodborne outbreaks. The induction of Shiga toxin at 40°C represents a potential risk to consumers, as its pathogenic effect has been proven in an animal model.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Analia C. Colletti, Gabriela I. Denoya, Claudio O. Budde, Julieta Gabilondo, Jose A. Pachado, Sergio R. Vaudagna, Gustavo A. Polenta
Summary: In this study, the effect of gamma irradiation treatments on the quality and biochemical aspects of minimally processed peaches was evaluated. The results showed that irradiation caused no substantial changes in color, while firmness and enzyme activity decreased with increasing doses. Overexpression of heat shock proteins was observed at certain doses, which is an important finding. Therefore, low doses of irradiation can promote the physiological and biochemical defense mechanisms of fruit.
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Signe Christensen, Sebastian Raemisch, Ingemar Andre
Summary: Chaperones play a crucial role in cellular quality control by removing misfolded and aggregated proteins. The chaperone DnaK responds to molecular stress by recognizing hydrophobic regions of misfolded proteins. This study found that the level of DnaK response is correlated to protein stability when overexpressing recombinant proteins. Additionally, stable proteins showed variability in protein abundance and DnaK response among cells.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Evieann Cardoza, Harinder Singh
Summary: CspC, a major cold shock protein, plays a diverse role in conferring adaptability to Escherichia coli under various stresses by regulating gene expression and transcript stability. It helps the cell adapt to severe environmental assaults and is a key player in the response to stress triggers.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ayush Ranawade, Rati Sharma, Erel Levine
Summary: The Heat Shock Response (HSR) is a conserved genetic system that protects the proteome in organisms. Mathematical modeling has been crucial in understanding its regulation, but there are still many unanswered questions that can benefit from quantitative modeling.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rahul Kumar Tiwari, Milan Kumar Lal, Ravinder Kumar, Vikas Mangal, Muhammad Ahsan Altaf, Sanjeev Sharma, Brajesh Singh, Manoj Kumar
Summary: Melatonin plays a crucial role in mitigating plant biotic stress by regulating defense signaling networks and promoting plant resistance or tolerance.
PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
William C. Hacker, Adrian H. Elcock
Summary: Stochastic simulation models have been instrumental in understanding the mechanisms behind prokaryotic transcription and translation. However, most models have focused only on one process and have not incorporated high-throughput sequencing data. We have developed spotter, a simulation model that combines detailed representations of prokaryotic transcription, translation, and DNA supercoiling, and integrates single-molecule experimental data with cellular-scale data.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Gayani Weerasooriya, Andrea R. McWhorter, Samiullah Khan, Kapil K. Chousalkar
Summary: This study found that Campylobacter jejuni exhibited different response mechanisms to chlorine and acidified sodium chlorite (ASC), with ASC exposure inducing higher oxidative damage and cellular death. This suggests that ASC could be a potential effective sanitizer for use in the chicken meat industry.
NPJ SCIENCE OF FOOD
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tsukumi Miwa, Hideki Taguchi
Summary: Research has shown that IbpA down-regulates the expression of multiple heat shock proteins (Hsps) by repressing the translation of the heat shock transcription factor sigma(32), and plays a crucial role in shutting down the heat shock response. These findings reveal an unknown role of IbpA in regulating the heat shock response at the translational level.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)