Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Wendy Machalicek, Lindsay Glugatch, Buket Erturk, Tasia Brafford, Megan Kunze, Christine Drew, Allaina Douglas, Sloan Storie, Rebecca Crowe, Sandy Magana
Summary: This systematic review summarizes parent-mediated intervention research for children with or at risk for mental health disorders to identify effective recruitment and retention strategies for diverse participants in parent-mediated intervention research for children with autism.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rumana Newlands, Eilidh Duncan, Shaun Treweek, Jim Elliott, Justin Presseau, Peter Bower, Graeme MacLennan, Margaret Ogden, Mary Wells, Miles D. Witham, Bridget Young, Katie Gillies
Summary: This study aimed to develop theory-informed, participant-centered interventions to improve trial retention based on the accounts of trial participants. Four behavior change interventions were designed, and the acceptability and feasibility of these interventions were explored through a focus group discussion. The motivational information intervention was deemed acceptable and considered straightforward to implement, while the goal setting intervention was viewed as less clear and less acceptable.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sandra Jumbe, Vichithranie W. Madurasinghe, Wai Yee James, Colin Houlihan, Samantha L. Jumbe, Tammy Yau, Florian Tomini, Sandra Eldridge, Borislava Mihaylova, Liz Steed, Ratna Sohanpal, Darush Attar, Stephanie J. C. Taylor, Chris Griffiths, Robert Walton
Summary: This study aimed to explore a complex intervention to increase the uptake and retention of stop smoking services in community pharmacies. However, the results showed that the intervention had no significant effect on setting a quit date, retention, or quit rate. Additionally, the study found that pharmacy staff had a positive attitude towards the intervention, but other factors may limit the capacity of the service.
Article
Rehabilitation
Gillian Mead, David Gillespie, Mark Barber, Allan House, Steff Lewis, Hannah Ensor, Simiao Wu, Trudie Chalder
Summary: This study aimed to test the feasibility of a telephone-delivered intervention for post-stroke fatigue and evaluate its impact on fatigue and other outcomes. The results showed that the intervention did not have a significant effect on fatigue or other measured outcomes. Further trials are needed to explore the potential of interventions for post-stroke fatigue.
CLINICAL REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bo Xu, Shengxian Tu, Lei Song, Zening Jin, Bo Yu, Guosheng Fu, Yujie Zhou, Jian'an Wang, Yundai Chen, Jun Pu, Lianglong Chen, Xinkai Qu, Junqing Yang, Xuebo Liu, Lijun Guo, Chengxing Shen, Yaojun Zhang, Qi Zhang, Hongwei Pan, Xiaogang Fu, Jian Liu, Yanyan Zhao, Javier Escaned, Yang Wang, William F. Fearon, Kefei Dou, Ajay J. Kirtane, Yongjian Wu, Patrick W. Serruys, Weixian Yang, William Wijns, Changdong Guan, Martin B. Leon, Shubin Qiao, Gregg W. Stone
Summary: The FAVOR III China study showed that a QFR-guided strategy for lesion selection during PCI in patients with coronary artery disease can lead to improved clinical outcomes compared to the standard angiography-guided approach.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Thomas Buttgereit, Andriko Palmowski, Noah Forsat, Maarten Boers, Miles D. Witham, Nicolas Rodondi, Elisavet Moutzouri, Antonio Jesus Quesada Navidad, Arnoud W. J. van't Hof, Bart van der Worp, Laura Coll-Planas, Marieke Voshaar, Maarten de Wit, Jose da Silva, Sven Stegemann, Johannes W. Bijlsma, Marcus Koeller, Simon Mooijaart, Patricia M. Kearney, Frank Buttgereit
Summary: Older people are underrepresented in clinical trials, but identifying key barriers and discussing solutions based on experience from current European trials have shown ways to improve recruitment and retention. Barriers such as health conditions and cultural beliefs were addressed by increasing recruitment sites, providing extra time, and improving communication. Special recognition and targeted approaches are needed for recruiting and retaining older patients.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Wrenetha Julion, Jen'nea Sumo, Michael E. Schoeny, Susan M. Breitenstein, Dawn T. Bounds
Summary: The study explored the impact of living arrangements of African American fathers on their children, families, and themselves through a randomized trial. The Building Bridges to Fatherhood program was found to improve interaction and communication between fathers and children. However, recruitment and retention challenges affected the outcomes of the study.
JOURNAL OF URBAN HEALTH-BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Rehabilitation
Inga Kroeger, Corinna Nerz, Lars Schwickert, Sabine Schoelch, Janina Anna Muessig, Stefan Studier-Fischer, Philip-Christian Nolte, Clemens Becker, Peter Augat
Summary: The study found that robotic-assisted training as a supplement to usual therapy for proximal humeral fractures (PHF) is safe and acceptable, but did not show any improvement in functional shoulder outcome compared to usual therapy only. There were no significant differences in functional assessment outcomes between the intervention group and the control group.
CLINICAL REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hiddo J. L. Heerspink, Arihiro Kiyosue, David C. Wheeler, Min Lin, Emma Wijkmark, Glenn Carlson, Anne-Kristina Mercier, Magnus Astrand, Sebastian Ueckert, Peter J. Greasley, Phil Ambery
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of the ERA zibotentan combined with the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin in reducing albuminuria and protecting kidney function.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Grant M. Russell, Katrina Long, Virginia Lewis, Joanne C. Enticott, Nilakshi Gunatillaka, I--Hao Cheng, Geraldine Marsh, Shiva Vasi, Jenny Advocat, Shoko Saito, Hyun Song, Sue Casey, Mitchell Smith, Mark F. Harris
Summary: The study aimed to investigate whether primary care outreach facilitation could enhance the quality of care for general practice patients from refugee backgrounds. The results showed that the intervention led to an increase in the proportion of refugee patients receiving Medicare-billed health assessments, but had limited impact on other aspects of care.
MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tracy McClinton Appollis, Zoe Duby, Kim Jonas, Janan Dietrich, Kealeboga Maruping, Fareed Abdullah, Nevilene Slingers, Catherine Mathews
Summary: The study found that almost half of AGYW in the intervention districts participated in at least one component of the intervention. Factors associated with increased participation included being HIV negative, in school, never been pregnant, and having had a boyfriend, especially for 20-24-year-olds. Facilitators to participation included motivating participants to join through explaining program benefits, while barriers included expectations of financial rewards, competing responsibilities, family responsibilities, and safety concerns.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Erica A. A. Mitchell, Kristina Coop Gordon
Summary: This special section gathers papers on the recruitment and retention of couples from underrepresented backgrounds in couple intervention research. It is concerning that these couples are often missing from intervention research, leading to potential inappropriate and inaccessible services for them. The collection highlights the need for specialized efforts in recruiting and retaining these couples, involving community members, reducing barriers, and creating targeted recruitment and service delivery materials.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Havard Ove Skjerven, Anine Lie, Riyas Vettukattil, Eva Maria Rehbinder, Marissa LeBlanc, Anna Asarnoj, Kai-Hakon Carlsen, Ashild Wik Despriee, Martin Fardig, Sabina Warnberg Gerdin, Berit Granum, Hrefna Katrin Gudmundsdottir, Guttorm Haugen, Gunilla Hedlin, Geir Haland, Christine Monceyron Jonassen, Linn Landro, Caroline-Aleksi Olsson Magi, Inge Christoffer Olsen, Knut Rudi, Carina Madelen Saunders, Marius Kuras Skram, Anne Cathrine Staff, Cilla Soderhall, Sandra G. Tedner, Sigve Aadalen, Hilde Aaneland, Bjorn Nordlund, Karin C. Lodrup Carlsen
Summary: Early introduction of allergenic foods can reduce the occurrence of food allergy in the general population.
Article
Criminology & Penology
Bushra Sabri, Jennifer Lee, Jyoti Saha
Summary: This qualitative study explored strategies to enhance recruitment and retention of immigrant survivors of intimate partner violence in intervention research, and identified barriers such as fear and undocumented status. The study highlighted the importance of community engagement, partnerships, and incentives for successful recruitment and retention.
JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kenneth Makata, Jeroen Ensink, Philip Ayieko, Christian Hansen, Simon Sichalwe, Julius Mngara, Onike Mcharo, Humphrey Mazigo, Jeremiah Seni, Robert Dreibelbis, Sarah Rockowitz, Elialilia Okello, Heiner Grosskurth, Safari Kinung'hi, Saidi Kapiga
Summary: A cluster randomised trial was conducted in Tanzania to assess the effect of an intervention on STH reinfection among primary school children. The intervention led to increased reported handwashing behavior in schools but did not show a similar effect in homes. There was no impact on STH infection, possibly due to infection in the home environment or limited changes in handwashing behavior.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Barbara Clyne, Sinead M. O'Neill, Daniel Nuzum, Michelle O'Neill, James Larkin, Mairin Ryan, Susan M. Smith
Summary: This qualitative evidence synthesis explores the spirituality and spiritual care needs of patients at the end of life from their perspective. The study highlights the importance of meeting patients' spiritual needs in end-of-life care, with a particular emphasis on the significance of supportive relationships.
BMJ SUPPORTIVE & PALLIATIVE CARE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mary O'Malley, Jacqueline Parkes, Vasileios Stamou, Jenny LaFontaine, Jan Oyebode, Jackie Campbell, Janet Carter
Summary: The study found variations in clinical practice and commonly missed examination items in diagnosing young onset dementia patients in the UK. It suggests that using a template proforma with key indicators could help improve record keeping and reduce gaps in knowledge for clinicians.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Primary Health Care
Anders Prior, Claus Hostrup Vestergaard, Anette Riisgaard Ribe, Annelli Sandbaek, Flemming Bro, Peter Vedsted, Susan Smith, Mogens Vestergaard, Morten Fenger-Gron
Summary: This study investigates the variations in the provision of chronic care services by GPs in primary care. The results show that the provision of chronic care services is associated with patient age, the number of long-term conditions, and socioeconomic factors. Significant variations were found across practices, and cluster of older patients with low socioeconomic status and multimorbidity were less likely to receive certain chronic care services. These findings suggest the existence of the inverse care law mechanism.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Soren T. Skou, Frances S. Mair, Martin Fortin, Bruce Guthrie, Bruno P. Nunes, J. Jaime Miranda, Cynthia M. Boyd, Sanghamitra Pati, Sally Mtenga, Susan M. Smith
Summary: Multimorbidity has substantial effects on individuals, carers and society. The mechanisms underlying its development are complex and related to ageing and broader determinants of health. Little is known about prevention, but interventions focusing on psychosocial and behavioral factors are likely to be beneficial. Most clinical guidelines and healthcare training focus on single diseases, whereas multimorbidity requires person-centered care.
NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS
(2022)
Article
Gerontology
Jacqueline Parkes, Mary O'Malley, Vasileios Stamou, Jenny La Fontaine, Jan R. Oyebode, Janet Carter
Summary: Including the perspectives of people with dementia is crucial in dementia care research. The Angela Project involved people with younger onset dementia in all aspects of the project, ensuring their knowledge and expertise were integral to decision-making. This paper describes the formation of two public and patient involvement forums and highlights the key insights gained from involving people with dementia. The aim is to show researchers how to actively and meaningfully include individuals with a diagnosis in research studies.
DEMENTIA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
James Larkin, Brendan Walsh, Frank Moriarty, Barbara Clyne, Patricia Harrington, Susan M. Smith
Summary: This study in Ireland found that individuals with multimorbidity incur higher out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure, especially for those with lower incomes. The study highlights the need to consider this financial burden when designing healthcare/funding systems to ensure access to essential healthcare for those most in need.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Caroline McCarthy, Michelle Flood, Barbara Clyne, Susan M. Smith, Emma Wallace, Fiona Boland, Frank Moriarty
Summary: This study evaluated changes in prescribing, potentially inappropriate prescriptions, and prescribing of low-value medicines in older people with multimorbidity and significant polypharmacy. The results showed reductions in the prescription of most drug groups, with the largest reduction observed in antiplatelet prescriptions. The median number of medication changes per person was five, highlighting the complexity of prescribing for patients with polypharmacy. Frequent medication changes could have important implications for patients in terms of adherence and medication safety.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACY
(2023)
Article
Gerontology
Vasileios Stamou, Jan Oyebode, Jenny La Fontaine, Mary O'Malley, Jacqueline Parkes, Janet Carter
Summary: Evidence on post-diagnostic support for people with young onset dementia is limited. This study gathered positive service experiences from a UK survey and conducted thematic analysis to understand the needs met by these services. The findings show that positive services help to address the disruptions to autonomy, selfhood, and meaningful relationships in younger people with dementia.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Caroline McCarthy, Michelle Flood, Barbara Clyne, Susan M. Smith, Fiona Boland, Emma Wallace, Frank Moriarty
Summary: Deprescribing is important for safe prescribing, especially for patients with polypharmacy. This study explores the relationship between revised patients' attitudes towards deprescribing (rPATD) scores and medication changes in older patients. The results show that patients willing to stop medication are more likely to engage in deprescribing and starting new medication, while those satisfied with current medications are less likely to engage in deprescribing.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Madalina Jaeger, Graziella Zangger, Alessio Bricca, Mette Dideriksen, Susan M. Smith, Julie Midtgaard, Rod S. Taylor, Soren T. Skou
Summary: The increasing number of people living with multimorbidity due to ageing populations and improved survival has raised concerns about polypharmacy, treatment burden, competing priorities, and poor coordination of care. Self-management programs are commonly included in interventions to address these issues, but there is currently a lack of overview on interventions supporting self-management in patients with multimorbidity.
HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anders Prior, Claus Hostrup Vestergaard, Peter Vedsted, Susan M. M. Smith, Line Flytkjaer Virgilsen, Linda Aagaard Rasmussen, Morten Fenger-Gron
Summary: This study aimed to quantify care fragmentation using various measures and analyze the associations with patient outcomes. A register-based nationwide cohort study with 4.7 million Danish adult citizens was conducted. The results showed that high levels of care fragmentation were associated with higher rates of potentially inappropriate medication and increased mortality. There were no clear interactions with the number of conditions for the associations between fragmentation measures and patient outcomes.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Jan Rachel Oyebode, Jenny La Fontaine, Vasileios Stamou, Mary O'Malley, Jacqueline Parkes, Janet Carter
Summary: This study aimed to understand the key facilitators to developing high-quality services for people with young onset dementia and their families. The findings highlighted the importance of having committed local champions, involving people with dementia and their families, utilizing existing resources, fostering partnership within and between sectors, promoting a reflective and supportive organizational culture, gathering evidence of impact, and receiving wider support and guidance.
INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Primary Health Care
Caroline McCarthy, Ivana Pericin, Susan M. Smith, Frank Moriarty, Barbara Clyne
Summary: This study aims to explore the barriers and facilitators to general practitioner and older patient recruitment and retention in a cluster randomized controlled trial. The study found that lack of resources, difficulty understanding trial material, and concern about medicines being taken away were common barriers. However, patient retention for the primary outcome was high, while patient completion of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) was poor.
Review
Primary Health Care
Emer O'Brien, Seamus Duffy, Velma Harkins, Susan M. Smith, Noirin O'Herlihy, Aisling Walsh, Barbara Clyne, Emma Wallace
Summary: This scoping review summarizes 60 guidelines developed by six GP professional organizations, highlighting the most common topics and methods of dissemination. All guidelines were developed using standard evidence-synthesis methods and disseminated through downloadable PDFs and peer review publications. GP professional organizations generally collaborate with or endorse guidelines developed by national or international guideline producing bodies.
Article
Primary Health Care
Anders Prior, Claus Hostrup Vestergaard, Anette Riisgaard Ribe, Annelli Sandbaek, Flemming Bro, Peter Vedsted, Susan Smith, Mogens Vestergaard, Morten Fenger-Gron
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the frequency of chronic care services provided by GPs in Denmark and found that the variation in service provision across practices exceeded expected levels, suggesting the presence of inverse care law mechanisms.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2022)
