Article
Microbiology
Inga V. Leus, Justyna Adamiak, Brinda Chandar, Vincent Bonifay, Shibin Zhao, Scott S. Walker, Brian Squadroni, Carl J. Balibar, Nihar Kinarivala, Lisa C. Standke, Henning U. Voss, Derek S. Tan, Valentin V. Rybenkov, Helen I. Zgurskaya
Summary: Gram-negative bacteria are more resistant to antibiotics due to their outer membrane and efflux pumps. Different Gram-negative pathogens have different permeability barriers and mechanisms for antibiotics penetration. Two methods, comparing antibacterial activities and measuring intracellular concentrations, are used to analyze the effect of permeability barriers on antibiotics. However, there is no quantitative agreement between these assays. The three pathogens analyzed in this study, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter baumannii, have different permeability barriers, with the outer membrane playing a dominant role in E. coli and P. aeruginosa, while efflux dominates in A. baumannii. Additionally, compounds of the same chemotype may use different permeation pathways depending on small chemical modifications.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Arsheena Yassin, Mariya Huralska, Jason M. Pogue, Deepali Dixit, Robert G. Sawyer, Keith S. Kaye
Summary: The prevalence of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections has significantly increased in the past decade, leading to higher rates of morbidity and mortality. Treating these infections presents challenges, particularly for critically ill patients with limited margin for error. The availability of new therapies has improved treatment options, but optimal clinical and therapeutic approaches for managing these infections still need to be established.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Z. Elnasser, R. Elsamarneh, H. Obeidat, Z. Amarin, S. Jaradat, N. Kaplan
Summary: The study identified multidrug-resistant Gram negative bacteria isolates with high resistance to various antibiotics, including approximately 21.4% resistance to tigecycline. These pathogens also carried resistance-related genes such as AcrB, RamR, and TetA.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Yuvaneswary Veloo, Syahidiah S. A. Thahir, Sakshaleni Rajendiran, Lim K. Hock, Norazah Ahmad, Vickneshwaran Muthu, Rafiza Shaharudin
Summary: The indiscriminate use of antibiotics in poultry farming has led to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in poultry products and the surrounding environment. This study found high rates of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in the environment of poultry farms, with some strains exhibiting resistance to multiple antibiotics. The presence of these bacteria poses a significant threat to the effectiveness of available antibiotics in treating infectious diseases. Efforts to regulate antibiotic use and conduct research on One Health issues are necessary to combat and prevent the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Arianne Lovey, Mila Krel, Allen Borchardt, Thomas Brady, Jason N. Cole, Quyen-Quyen Do, Joanne Fortier, Grayson Hough, Wanlong Jiang, Alain Noncovich, Les Tari, Qiping Zhao, James M. Balkovec, Yanan Zhao, David S. Perlin
Summary: ADCs have the potential to bind strongly to drug-resistant G- pathogens, regardless of lipopolysaccharide modifications, indicating a promising treatment alternative in infections caused by drug-resistant G- bacteria.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Farooq Ahmed Wani, Altaf Bandy, Mohammed Jayed S. Alenzi, Abdulaziz Ibrahim Alzarea, Abdullah S. Alanazi, Mohammed Ubaidullah Sayeed, Ashokkumar Thirunavukkarasu, Bilal Tantry, Mushtaq Dar
Summary: Intensive care units are complex environments that favor high resistance in microorganisms, particularly Gram-negative bacteria. This study found that a majority of infections in intensive care patients are caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, with high resistance rates observed for third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems, and fluoroquinolones. Amikacin was identified as the most effective antibiotic, highlighting the need for enhanced surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship programs.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jose Raul Nieto-Saucedo, Luis Esau Lopez-Jacome, Rafael Franco-Cendejas, Claudia Adriana Colin-Castro, Melissa Hernandez-Duran, Luis Raul Rivera-Garay, Karina Senyase Zamarripa-Martinez, Juan Luis Mosqueda-Gomez
Summary: The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) and the frequency of carbapenemase-encoding genes were evaluated in a tertiary referral center in El Bajio, Mexico. Among 508 Gram-negative bacilli, 37 were carbapenem-resistant (7.3%), and only 15 (40.5%) of them carried carbapenemase-encoding genes.
Article
Microbiology
Christine A. Pybus, Christina Felder-Scott, Victor Obuekwe, David E. Greenberg
Summary: The study compared the antimicrobial activity of Cefiderocol with seven commonly used antibiotics against multidrug-resistant pathogens, finding that Cefiderocol had potent inhibitory effects on biofilms of various pathogens, with consistently lower MIC90 values compared to other antibiotics.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hang Thi Nguyen, Henrietta Venter, Tania Veltman, Ruth Williams, Lisa Anne O'Donovan, Cecilia C. Russell, Adam McCluskey, Stephen W. Page, Abiodun David Ogunniyi, Darren J. Trott
Summary: This study investigated the potential of using the novel antibiotic NCL195 combined with subinhibitory concentrations of colistin against infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. The combination showed synergistic activity against clinical multidrug-resistant GNB pathogens and caused marked ultrastructural changes in the cell envelope. Further exploration is warranted to determine the specific treatment of acute GNB infections.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yasmine H. Tartor, Rasha M. A. Gharieb, Norhan K. Abd El-Aziz, Hend M. El Damaty, Shymaa Enany, Eman Khalifa, Amira S. A. Attia, Samah S. Abdellatif, Hazem Ramadan
Summary: A significant rise in bacterial resistance to colistin, a crucial last-resort treatment for severe infections, has been observed globally. The use of colistin in livestock farming is believed to be a key factor in the spread of mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) genes. In Egypt, a study on colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria from mastitic cows' milk and raw unpasteurized milk revealed high levels of multidrug resistance and the presence of mcr genes, highlighting the urgent need to ban colistin in food animals to combat extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Kunihiko Nishino, Seiji Yamasaki, Ryosuke Nakashima, Martijn Zwama, Mitsuko Hayashi-Nishino
Summary: Multidrug efflux pumps are inner membrane transporters that export multiple antibiotics from bacterial cells, contributing to multidrug resistance. They are abundant in bacteria, and their co-crystal structural analysis reveals drug recognition and export mechanisms, emphasizing the importance of developing inhibitors to combat infectious diseases caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Qi Zhang, Shang Chen, Xiaojia Liu, Wenhan Lin, Kui Zhu
Summary: The combination of marine antibiotic equisetin and colistin shows a strong synergistic effect against Gram-negative bacteria, especially multi-drug resistant strains. Colistin promotes the intracellular accumulation of equisetin, leading to quick bacteria killing. Equisetin also restores colistin activity in an infection model, providing an alternative approach to combat Gram-negative pathogens in clinics.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Enrico Maria Trecarichi, Gabriele Giuliano, Chiara Cattaneo, Stelvio Ballanti, Marianna Criscuolo, Anna Candoni, Francesco Marchesi, Marica Laurino, Michelina Dargenio, Rosa Fanci, Mariagiovanna Cefalo, Mario Delia, Angelica Spolzino, Laura Maracci, Valentina Bonuomo, Alessandro Busca, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, Rosa Daffini, Edoardo Simonetti, Giulia Dragonetti, Maria Elena Zannier, Livio Pagano, Mario Tumbarello
Summary: Bloodstream infections caused by antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in patients with hematological malignancies are associated with high mortality rates. A multicenter cohort study found a reduction in fluoroquinolone prophylaxis and increased susceptibility rates to ciprofloxacin among Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Enterobacter cloacae isolates compared to a previous survey. There was also an increased susceptibility of P. aeruginosa isolates to ceftazidime, meropenem, and gentamicin.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jane Wairimu Maina, Frank Gekara Onyambu, Peter Shikuku Kibet, Abednego Moki Musyoki
Summary: The study revealed a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria infections in ICU patients, predominantly urinary tract infections. Factors associated with these infections included a history of antibiotic use, nasogastric tube use, and respiratory and cardiovascular conditions. Most of the isolates were multidrug-resistant, mainly Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND ANTIMICROBIALS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Yi Zhang, Yijia Han, Lingbo Wang, Jingchun Kong, Wei Pan, Xiaodong Zhang, Lijiang Chen, Zhuocheng Yao, Tieli Zhou, Jianming Cao
Summary: The combination of colistin and flufenamic acid (FFA) has synergistic activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. This combination treatment shows effective antibacterial and antibiofilm activities in vitro and improves the survival rates of infected larvae in animal models. It has the potential to be a promising therapeutic tool for combating MDR bacteria and improving patient outcomes.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)