Article
Infectious Diseases
Maria-Ioanna Beredaki, Spyros Pournaras, Joseph Meletiadis
Summary: In this study, a new PK/PD target for micafungin and C. parapsilosis was identified, which supports the current clinical breakpoint. This target can be used to assess the efficacy of echinocandins against C. parapsilosis.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Karin M. Jorgensen, Karen M. T. Astvad, Rasmus K. Hare, Maiken C. Arendrup
Summary: Ibrexafungerp is a promising antifungal drug that shows broad spectrum activity against various clinical yeast isolates. The MIC values of ibrexafungerp were determined and compared to other licensed antifungal drugs. The study also identified wild-type upper-limit values for each yeast species. Partial inhibition near the MIC range was found to contribute to the variability in MIC values.
Article
Microbiology
Michael A. Pfaller, Shawn A. Messer, Lalitagauri M. Deshpande, Paul R. Rhomberg, Eric A. Utt, Mariana Castanheira
Summary: A total of 36 Candida auris isolates were evaluated for antifungal susceptibility and synergy against anidulafungin plus voriconazole or isavuconazole. The isolates showed resistance to multiple antifungal classes, with varying degrees of synergy observed with different combinations of antifungal drugs. Genetic analysis revealed isolates from different regions were genetically related but distinct. Erg11 alterations were associated with resistance to some antifungal agents.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jeremy A. W. Gold, Emma E. Seagle, Joelle Nadle, Devra M. Barter, Christopher A. Czaja, Helen Johnston, Monica M. Farley, Stepy Thomas, Lee H. Harrison, Jill Fischer, Brittany Pattee, Rajal K. Mody, Erin C. Phipps, Sarah Shrum Davis, Brenda L. Tesini, Alexia Y. Zhang, Tiffanie M. Markus, William Schaffner, Shawn R. Lockhart, Snigdha Vallabhaneni, Brendan R. Jackson, Meghan Lyman
Summary: The study found that a considerable proportion of patients with candidemia were initially treated with fluconazole, which may not be appropriate for cases involving non-albicans or fluconazole-resistant species. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the reasons for nonadherence to treatment guidelines and provide clinician education.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Rocio Garcia-Rubio, Cristina Jimenez-Ortigosa, Lucius DeGregorio, Christopher Quinteros, Erika Shor, David S. Perlin
Summary: The study analyzed the transcriptional landscape of Candida glabrata cells exposed to echinocandins and discovered a unique transcriptional signature associated with echinocandin tolerance. Furthermore, the role of mitochondria in echinocandin tolerance was revealed, with inhibitors of respiratory chain enzymes increasing tolerance while deletion of mitochondrial components decreased tolerance.
Article
Microbiology
YanChun Zhu, Kelli M. Hager, Swati R. Manjari, Nilesh K. Banavali, Vishnu Chaturvedi, Sudha Chaturvedi
Summary: Candida auris is a multidrug-resistant yeast pathogen causing global outbreaks in health care facilities, and the emergence of echinocandin-resistant strain is concerning. The currently used antifungal susceptibility tests are slow and not scalable, limiting their effectiveness in surveillance. The development of a TaqMan chemistry probe-based fluorescence melt curve analysis allows for rapid and accurate detection of FKS1 mutations conferring echinocandin resistance, providing a potential solution to the urgent need for assessment of resistance.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Laura Trovato, Dafne Bongiorno, Maddalena Calvo, Giuseppe Migliorisi, Albino Boraccino, Nicolo Musso, Salvatore Oliveri, Stefania Stefani, Guido Scalia
Summary: Invasive candidiasis is a common healthcare-associated complication caused by Candida species, with first-line drugs like echinocandins being effective but facing increasing resistance, highlighting the importance of sequencing to predict therapeutic failure in patients treated with echinocandins.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Qiqi Wang, Yun Li, Xuan Cai, Ruoyu Li, Bo Zheng, Ence Yang, Tianyu Liang, Xinyu Yang, Zhe Wan, Wei Liu
Summary: In this study, multidrug-resistant isolates of Candida glabrata exhibited resistance through different mechanisms. Overexpression of CDR1 and ERG11 in one isolate, and only overexpression of CDR1 in the other, may mediate resistance to POS. The S663P mutation in FKS2 and up-regulation of FKS2 in both isolates may contribute to echinocandin resistance.
Article
Microbiology
Tatsuro Hirayama, Taiga Miyazaki, Makoto Sumiyoshi, Yuya Ito, Nobuyuki Ashizawa, Kazuaki Takeda, Naoki Iwanaga, Takahiro Takazono, Kazuko Yamamoto, Koichi Izumikawa, Katsunori Yanagihara, Koichi Makimura, Kazuhiro Tsukamoto, Shigeru Kohno, Hiroshi Mukae
Summary: Candida auris is resistant to multiple antifungal agents. This study investigated the antifungal susceptibility of C. auris and explored FKS1 mutations in isolates from mice colonized with wild-type C. auris and treated with echinocandin. Resistant isolates with FKS1 mutations were found to be micafungin- and caspofungin-resistant in vivo, but their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) remained below the micafungin breakpoint in vitro.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biology
D. K. B. Rodrigues, L. X. Bonfietti, R. A. Garcia, M. R. Araujo, J. S. Rodrigues, V. M. F. Gimenes, M. S. C. Melhem
Summary: This study evaluated the frequency of cryptic Candida species from candidemia cases in 22 public hospitals in Sao Paulo State, Brazil, and their antifungal susceptibility profiles. Results indicated the emergence of C. glabrata in Brazilian candidemia cases, as well as the presence of non-wild type C. glabrata isolates resistant to voriconazole. Additionally, a multidrug resistant species, C. haemulonii, has been identified in the Southeast region of Brazil.
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL AND BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Roxana G. Vitale
Summary: Candida infections can be life-threatening, with a shift towards other species noted. Combination therapy is beneficial in difficult-to-treat cases, aiming to improve efficacy and reduce toxicity. More clinical studies are needed to support this therapeutic strategy.
Article
Microbiology
Judith Diaz-Garcia, Aina Mesquida, Carlos Sanchez-Carrillo, Elena Reigadas, Patricia Munoz, Pilar Escribano, Jesus Guinea
Summary: An updated analysis on yeast isolates causing fungemia in patients in a tertiary hospital in Madrid, Spain over a 13-year period found Candida albicans to be the most frequently identified species, with a slight increase in fluconazole resistance but stable echinocandin resistance. Antifungal resistance is not the cause of the spread of resistant clones.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Shumin Yuan, Qiang Fu, Lingdi Zhao, Xiaomin Fu, Tiepeng Li, Lu Han, Peng Qin, Yingkun Ren, Mingke Huo, Zhimeng Li, Chaomin Lu, Long Yuan, Quanli Gao, Zibing Wang
Summary: Apatinib demonstrates antitumor activity as a second- or above-line therapy in patients with malignant melanoma, with manageable toxicity.
Article
Oncology
Maria Szymankiewicz, Krzysztof Kamecki, Sylwia Jarzynka, Anna Koryszewska-Baginska, Gabriela Oledzka, Tomasz Nowikiewicz
Summary: This case study describes the development of echinocandin resistance in a patient with muscle-invasive bladder cancer who underwent radical cystoprostatectomy and was exposed to echinocandins. While resistance to echinocandins is rare, it should be considered in oncology patients with complex treatment regimens.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Unai Caballero, Sarah Kim, Elena Eraso, Guillermo Quindos, Valvanera Vozmediano, Stephan Schmidt, Nerea Jauregizar
Summary: Combining isavuconazole with echinocandins showed an overall synergistic interaction against Candida auris, proving to be more effective than monotherapy regimens. Synergism and fungistatic activity were achieved with combinations that included low concentrations of isavuconazole and high concentrations of echinocandins. Results indicated that increasing drug concentrations did not improve antifungal activity once synergy was achieved.