Article
Infectious Diseases
Alessandro Russo, Francesca Gavaruzzi, Giancarlo Ceccarelli, Cristian Borrazzo, Alessandra Oliva, Francesco Alessandri, Eugenia Magnanimi, Francesco Pugliese, Mario Venditti
Summary: Our study found that COVID-19 patients exhibited higher occurrences of serum lactate levels mmol/l > 2, Acinetobacter baumannii colonization, BSI, and steroid therapy. Cox regression analysis demonstrated that serum lactate levels > 2 mmol/l, Acinetobacter baumannii colonization, BSI, and steroid therapy were associated with 30-day mortality. Additionally, factors independently associated with the development of BSI in COVID-19 patients included white blood cells count > 11,000 mm(3), serum lactate levels > 2 mmol/l, infections at time of ICU admission, Acinetobacter baumannii colonization, and steroid therapy.
Review
Microbiology
Yuan Jiang, Yinhuan Ding, Yueshuai Wei, Chunxia Jian, Jinbo Liu, Zhangrui Zeng
Summary: Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) has become a leading cause of healthcare-associated infections globally, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs). Cross-transmission between patients and the hospital environment may play a crucial role in ICU-acquired CRAB colonization and infection. The control and treatment of CRAB infection in ICUs are challenging due to its multiple-drug resistance. Therefore, it is important to systematically study the colonization, infection, transmission, and resistance mechanisms of CRAB in ICUs.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Haiming Niu, Xiaoqing Shen, Hongkai Liang, Guishen Wu, Shaoqing Cai, Qian Shen, Kouxing Zhang, Miaolian Chen, Jianwei Li
Summary: This study aimed to identify independent factors associated with the progression from nosocomial pneumonia to bacteremia in patients infected with carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii. The study found that higher levels of CRP and the use of CVVH treatment were independently associated with an elevated risk of developing bacteremia. Among patients with bacteremia, higher IL-6 levels, a greater frequency of antifungal drugs usage, and a longer duration of mechanical ventilation were associated with 28-day mortality.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Erkison Ewomazino Odih, Emmanuel Oladayo Irek, Temitope O. Obadare, Anderson O. Oaikhena, Ayorinde O. Afolayan, Anthony Underwood, Anthony T. Adenekan, Veronica O. Ogunleye, Silvia Argimon, Anders Dalsgaard, David M. Aanensen, Iruka N. Okeke, A. Oladipo Aboderin
Summary: This study retrospectively investigated an outbreak of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) in an ICU in Southwest Nigeria, identifying a clone of CRAB belonging to the globally disseminated international clone (IC) 2. The findings highlight the need to strengthen the capacity to detect and control A. baumannii in Nigerian hospitals.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Pu Mao, Xiaolong Deng, Leping Yan, Ya Wang, Yueting Jiang, Rong Zhang, Chun Yang, Yonghao Xu, Xiaoqing Liu, Yimin Li
Summary: This study analyzed the transmission of MDR-AB in ICU using WGS, PFGE, and MLST, and found that transmission was the main acquisition pathway. WGS is a discriminatory technique that benefits epidemiological healthcare-infection studies.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Tanya V. Strateva, Ivo Sirakov, Temenuga J. Stoeva, Alexander Stratev, Slavil Peykov
Summary: This study investigates the phenotypic and molecular characteristics of antimicrobial resistance in carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) isolates from ICU patients in Bulgaria. The results show the high levels of multidrug resistance and clonal spread of CRAB, highlighting the need for nationwide surveillance during COVID-19.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Marcus Wing Choy Loe, Kee Thai Yeo
Summary: This study aimed to describe the patterns of early-life surface colonization with multidrug resistant organisms (MDROs) among newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The study found that MDROs accounted for a certain proportion of gram-negative bacteria in this setting.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dongsub Kim, Haejeong Lee, Joon-sik Choi, Christina M. Croney, Ki-Sup Park, Hyo Jung Park, Joongbum Cho, Sohee Son, Jin Yeong Kim, Soo-Han Choi, Hee Jae Huh, Kwan Soo Ko, Nam Yong Lee, Yae-Jean Kim
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the epidemiological changes of Acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia in a pediatric ICU. The study found that Imipenem-resistant A. baumannii poses a serious threat to patients in the pediatric ICU.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Emma L. Doughty, Haiyang Liu, Robert A. Moran, Xiaoting Hua, Xiaoliang Ba, Feng Guo, Xiangping Chen, Linghong Zhang, Mark Holmes, Willem van Schaik, Alan Mcnally, Yunsong Yu
Summary: This study conducted a three-month observational study in a 28-bed intensive care unit (ICU) in Hangzhou, China, to explore the persistence and evolutionary dynamics of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB). The study found that the ICU population of CRAB was dominated by OXA-23-producing global clone 2 isolates, which could be divided into 20 distinct clusters through genome sequencing. The study emphasized the importance of environmental CRAB reservoirs in the epidemiology of ICUs and the unique challenges in containing the spread of CRAB.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hyeri Seok, Ji Hoon Jeon, Ji Hye Jung, Sang Hee Ahn, Minji Seo, Hyun Kyung Cho, Sul A. Sung, Su-Hyun Kim, Hee Kyoung Choi, Won Suk Choi, Dae Won Park
Summary: Increasing the frequency of environmental cleaning did not reduce the acquisition of CRAB in ICU, with ventilator utilization ratio potentially playing a more significant role than environmental cleaning. Inexperienced nurses may contribute to the increased incidence of CRAB acquisition.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Nadezhda K. Fursova, Mikhail V. Fursov, Evgeny I. Astashkin, Anastasiia D. Fursova, Tatiana S. Novikova, Angelina A. Kislichkina, Angelika A. Sizova, Galina N. Fedyukina, Ivan A. Savin, Olga N. Ershova
Summary: A total of 37 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii were isolated from patients with meningitis in the Moscow neuro-ICU between 2013 and 2020. These strains exhibited multidrug resistance and a high mortality rate. The prevalent sequence type was IC2, which belongs to the international clone IC2.
Article
Microbiology
Mohammad Al-Tamimi, Hadeel Albalawi, Mohamd Alkhawaldeh, Abdullah Alazzam, Hassan Ramadan, Majd Altalalwah, Ahmad Alma'aitah, Dua'a Al Balawi, Sharif Shalabi, Jumana Abu-Raideh, Ashraf Khasawneh, Farah Alhaj, Kamal Hijawi
Summary: This study is the first large-scale, multicenter, and prolonged research on Acinetobacter baumannii infections in Jordan, providing insights into the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of MDR-A. baumannii in the country. Attention to high-risk patients and early identification are crucial. Colistin and tigecycline are the most effective antimicrobials.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
J. Jung, P. G. Choe, S. Choi, E. Kim, H. Y. Lee, C. K. Kang, J. Lee, W. B. Park, S. Lee, N. J. Kim, E. H. Choi, M. Oh
Summary: Renovating intensive care units into single rooms is an effective strategy to prevent transmission of multi-drug resistant organisms and hospital-acquired infections.
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Pooja Kumari, Grace Kaul, T. Anand Kumar, Abdul Akhir, Manjulika Shukla, Suraj Sharma, Siddhesh S. Kamat, Sidharth Chopra, Harinath Chakrapani
Summary: Discovery of novel antibiotics targeting multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens such as A. baumannii is an urgent, unmet medical need. Our work has highlighted the potential of this unique scaffold to annihilate MDR A. baumannii alone and in combination with amikacin both in vitro and in animals, that too without inducing resistance. Further in depth analysis identified central metabolism to be a putative target. Taken together, these experiments lay down the foundation for effective management of infections caused due to highly MDR pathogens.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Steven M. Smoke, Alison Brophy, Samuel Reveron, Alina Iovleva, Ellen G. Kline, Michael Marano, Lincoln P. Miller, Ryan K. Shields
Summary: This study reports on the treatment outcomes of 11 critically ill burn patients using cefiderocol for carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections. The clinical success rate was 36%, but was complicated by the emergence of treatment-resistant A. baumannii and its transmission among patients. The resistant strains harbored disrupted pirA and piuA genes, which were not disrupted in susceptible strains.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Min Seo Ki, Song Yee Kim, Eun Young Kim, Ji Ye Jung, Young Ae Kang, Moo Suk Park, Young Sam Kim, Seong Yong Park, Sang Hoon Lee
Summary: We compared the prognosis after lung cancer surgery between 104 patients with ILD and 104 patients without ILD who were matched by key variables. The findings showed that patients with ILD had worse survival rates, especially those with concomitant IPF or high physiological severity of ILD. Evaluating the underlying ILD before surgery is considered helpful in predicting the prognosis after lung cancer surgery.
CLINICAL LUNG CANCER
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hye Jin Jang, Ala Woo, Song Yee Kim, Seung Hyun Yong, Youngmok Park, Kyungsoo Chung, Su Hwan Lee, Ah Young Leem, Sang Hoon Lee, Eun Young Kim, Ji Ye Jung, Young Ae Kang, Young Sam Kim, Moo Suk Park
Summary: This study aimed to identify risk factors for mortality and compare the clinical characteristics of patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD). The study found that approximately 10% of SSc-ILD patients showed disease progression, and ILD was detected within less than five years from the first visit. Therefore, careful monitoring of symptoms and signs from an early stage and long-term surveillance are necessary.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Tapan K. Maity, Eun Young Kim, Constance M. Cultraro, Abhilash Venugopalan, Leena Khare, Ramulu Poddutoori, Sivapriya Marappan, Samiulla D. Syed, William G. Telford, Susanta Samajdar, Murali Ramachandra, Udayan Guha
Summary: In this study, the efficacy of CDK12/13 inhibitors, AU-15506 and AU-16770, in overcoming osimertinib resistance in EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma was investigated. The results showed that these inhibitors, especially in combination with osimertinib, could effectively inhibit both osimertinib-resistant and -sensitive lung adenocarcinoma cells in culture as well as in xenograft models. These findings suggest that targeting CDK12/13 in combination with osimertinib has potential as a therapeutic strategy to overcome osimertinib resistance in EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients.
Article
Oncology
Gowoon Yang, Chang Young Lee, Eun Young Kim, Chang Geol Lee, Min Hee Hong, Byung Jo Park, Hong In Yoon, Kyung Hwan Kim, Sang Hoon Lee, Hwa Kyung Byun, Jaeho Cho
Summary: This study aimed to determine the role of radiotherapy (RT) and the optimal RT target volume in the treatment of thymic carcinoma. A total of 116 patients who received multimodal treatment were included. The target volume was defined as the tumor bed or gross tumor with margin, and selective irradiation of the regional nodal area was performed when involved. The results showed a high local control rate with RT, and a target volume confined to the tumor bed or gross tumor plus margin with the involved lymph node stations seems reasonable.
Article
Oncology
Kangjoon Kim, Jibeom Lee, Jeong-Yun Lee, Seung Hyun Yong, Eun Young Kim, Ji Ye Jung, Young Ae Kang, Moo Suk Park, Young Sam Kim, Chang-Myung Oh, Sang Hoon Lee
Summary: This study evaluated the incidence and risk factors of brain metastasis in patients with suspected early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer. It found that tumor size was the only predictor of brain metastasis, and suggested considering selective screening with brain MRI in patients with high-risk features.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Eun-Young Kim, Seung-Hyun Yong, Min-Dong Sung, A-La Woo, Young-Mok Park, Ha-Eun Kim, Su-Jin Jung, Song-Yee Kim, Jin-Gu Lee, Young-Sam Kim, Hyo-Chae Paik, Moo-Suk Park
Summary: The potential of Aspergillus galactomannan antigen titer (AGT) in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and serum titers of beta-D-glucan (BDG) in predicting invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) were investigated in lung transplantation recipients. The cutoff values for AGT were found to be 0.560 in serum and 0.600 in BALF, with sensitivities and specificities ranging from 50% to 85%, and AUCs ranging from 0.724 to 0.895. A lower cutoff value of 1.0 was suggested when IPA was highly suspicious. Serum and BALF AGT showed a correlation with a history of diabetes mellitus.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hyo Joo Lee, Nam Hun Kim, Eun Hye Lee, Young Soon Yoon, Yun Jeong Jeong, Byung Chul Lee, Bonhan Koo, Yoon Ok Jang, Sung-Han Kim, Young Ae Kang, Sei Won Lee, Yong Shin
Summary: This study proposes a simple tuberculosis molecular diagnostic assay that combines sample preparation and DNA detection steps. The sample preparation is done using a syringe filter with amine-functionalized diatomaceous earth and homobifunctional imidoester, and the target DNA is detected using quantitative PCR. The system has a detection limit that is 10 times higher than conventional PCR assays and can provide results within 2 hours from large volume samples without additional instruments. The clinical utility of the proposed method was validated in 88 sputum samples from four hospitals in the Republic of Korea, showing superior sensitivity compared to other assays. Therefore, this system can be useful for MTB diagnosis in limited-resource settings.
Article
Immunology
Yoon Jin Cha, Eun Young Kim, Yong Jun Choi, Chi Young Kim, Min Kyung Park, Yoon Soo Chang
Summary: This study found that lung cancer tissues of smokers have a higher proportion of innate immune cells, while non-smokers have lower proportions. Specific immune cells, pDC, are significantly enriched in the tumors of smokers. The response of pDC to DNA damaging treatment may provide a favorable environment for ICIs-containing therapies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Min Seo Ki, Dawoon Jeong, Hee-Yeon Kang, Hongjo Choi, Hojoon Sohn, Young Ae Kang
Summary: In Korea, the prescription of FDC for newly diagnosed patients with DS TB improved treatment completion rates and did not increase the risks of TB recurrence or drug resistance.
BMJ OPEN RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Respiratory System
Min Seo Ki, Ala Woo, Song Yee Kim, Moo Suk Park, Young Sam Kim, Ha Eun Kim, Jin Gu Lee, Hyo Chae Paik
Meeting Abstract
Respiratory System
Eun Young Kim, A. La Woo, Song Yee Kim, Chang Hoon Han, Moo Suk Park
Meeting Abstract
Respiratory System
Hey Soo Kim, Se Hyun Kwak, Mi Hwa Shin, Young Sam Kim, Kyung Soo Chung, Su Hwan Lee, Ah Young Leem, Sang Guk Lee, Moo Suk Park
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yae Jee Baek, Gemma Park, Jun Yong Choi, Eun Jin Kim, Bryan Inho Kim, Jin Gwack, Ji Ye Jung
Summary: Prolonged viral shedding of SARS-CoV-2 in an immunocompromised host was observed for 68 days. The patient, who underwent chemotherapy, recovered after receiving convalescent plasma and intravenous immunoglobulin. Genomic analysis revealed 18 different nucleotide mutations, indicating within-host evolution.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Youngmok Park, Jiyoung Kim, Young Sam Kim, Ah Young Leem, Jinyeon Jo, Kyungsoo Chung, Moo Suk Park, Sungho Won, Ji Ye Jung
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the long-term association between adiposity changes and lung function in middle-aged Asians. The results showed an inverse relationship between adiposity and lung function, with central obesity being the main driver of lung function impairment.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2023)