Article
Microbiology
Andrea Orsi, Alexander Domnich, Stefano Mosca, Matilde Ogliastro, Laura Sticchi, Rosa Prato, Francesca Fortunato, Domenico Martinelli, Fabio Tramuto, Claudio Costantino, Vincenzo Restivo, Vincenzo Baldo, Tatjana Baldovin, Elizabeth Begier, Christian Theilacker, Eva Agostina Montuori, Rohini Beavon, Bradford Gessner, Giancarlo Icardi
Summary: This study aimed to assess the serotype-specific epidemiology of pneumococci among hospitalized older adults in Italy. The prevalence of pneumococcal infection among hospitalized CAP cases was 13.1%, with serotypes 3, 8, 22F, and 11A being the most common. PCV20, which includes these serotypes, plays an important role in preventing pneumonia in older adults.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alex R. Schuurman, Tom D. Y. Reijnders, Tjitske S. R. van Engelen, Valentine Leopold, Justin de Brabander, Christine van Linge, Michiel Schinkel, Liza Pereverzeva, Bastiaan W. Haak, Xanthe Brands, Maadrika M. N. P. Kanglie, Inge A. H. van den Berk, Renee A. Douma, Daniel R. Faber, Prabath W. B. Nanayakkara, Jaap Stoker, Jan M. Prins, Brendon P. Scicluna, W. Joost Wiersinga, Tom van der Poll
Summary: This study identifies shared and distinct pathophysiological mechanisms in different aetiologies of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), which may guide new pathogen-specific therapeutic strategies.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
August Wrotek, Julita Robakiewicz, Katarzyna Pawlik, Patryk Rudzinski, Izabela Pilarska, Aleksandra Jaron, Aleksandra Imielowska, Malgorzata Jarzebowska, Katarzyna Zablocka, Teresa Jackowska
Summary: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has a significant impact on pediatric hospitalizations. The study analyzed the contribution of CAP to hospitalizations, its etiology in relation to age, and the role of inflammatory markers. It found that CAP accounted for a considerable proportion of hospitalizations and patient days, with viral pneumonia being more common than bacterial pneumonia. Serum inflammatory markers can assist in differentiating the causative factors.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Lindsay R. Grant, Elizabeth Begier, Christian Theilacker, Rachid Barry, Cassandra Hall-Murray, Qi Yan, Veneta Pope, Michael W. Pride, Luis Jodar, Bradford D. Gessner
Summary: Nonbacteremic community-acquired pneumonia is a major presentation of severe pneumococcal disease in adults. Urinary antigen detection can guide the use of higher valency pneumococcal conjugate vaccines by detecting the serotypes causing pneumococcal CAP.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Joseph A. Lewnard, Noga Givon-Lavi, Ron Dagan
Summary: The study analyzed the effectiveness of PCV in protecting children against pneumonia caused by different vaccine-targeted pneumococcal serotypes in southern Israel. The results showed that PCV could effectively reduce carriage of vaccine-serotype pneumococci and decrease the risk of disease progression.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Miltiades Kyprianou, Konstantina Dakou, Aftab Aktar, Hichem Aouina, Naser Behbehani, Keertan Dheda, Georges Juvelekian, Adel Khattab, Bassam Mahboub, George Nyale, Sayed Oraby, Abdullah Sayiner, Atef Shibl, Serhat Unal, Mohamed Awad Tag El Deen, Ali Bin Sarwar Zubairi, Ross Davidson, Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis
Summary: This meta-analysis demonstrates that the addition of macrolides to the treatment regimen for CAP can significantly reduce 30-day mortality and slightly increase the resolution rate of CAP. The study also found that Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most common pathogens in under-reported countries.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Luis A. Ruiz, Leyre Serrano, Silvia Perez, Sonia Castro, Amaia Urrutia, Ane Uranga, Amaia Artaraz, Ainhoa Gomez, Pedro P. Espana, Rafael Zalacain
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of using a predefined cutoff value for lymphopenia as an early predictor of in-hospital mortality and other outcomes in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. The study found that lymphopenia could be used as a reproducible predictor of complicated clinical course in these patients.
Article
Immunology
David Aguilera-Alonso, Silke Kirchschlager Nieto, Maria Fatima Ara Montojo, Francisco Jose Sanz Santaeufemia, Jesus Saavedra-Lozano, Beatriz Soto, Maria Belen Caminoa, Arantxa Berzosa, Luis Prieto Tato, Emilia Cercenado, Alfredo Tagarro, David Molina Arana, Mercedes Alonso Sanz, Maria Pilar Romero Gomez, Fernando Chaves Sanchez, Fernando Baquero-Artigao
Summary: The incidence of Staphylococcus aureus community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remained stable in hospitalized children with high pneumococcal vaccination coverage, while the prevalence of pneumococcal CAP decreased and Streptococcus pyogenes CAP increased. Patients with S. aureus CAP had a high frequency of severe outcomes but a lower risk of pulmonary complications compared to patients with S. pneumoniae.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yuancheng Chen, Xiaojie Wu, Chengyuan Tsai, Liwen Chang, Jicheng Yu, Guoying Cao, Beining Guo, Yaoguo Shi, Demei Zhu, Fupin Hu, Jinyi Yuan, Yang Liu, Xu Zhao, Yingyuan Zhang, Jufang Wu, Jing Zhang
Summary: Integrative PK/PD analysis supports the reliable clinical and microbiological efficacy of nemonoxacin 500 mg q24 h in treating community-acquired pneumonia caused by S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, and K. pneumoniae, regardless of patient sex, mild renal impairment, empty stomach or not. However, nemonoxacin 750 mg q24 h would provide better efficacy than 500 mg q24 h for CAP caused by H. parainfluenzae in terms of CFR.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Gina Amanda, Wisnu Tafroji, Dianiati Kusumo Sutoyo, Erlina Burhan, Budi Haryanto, Dodi Safari
Summary: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major cause of community-acquired pneumonia, with serotype 3 being the most predominant. A significant proportion of isolates show resistance to tetracycline.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yuto Akiyama, Takashi Ishiguro, Ryuji Uozumi, Takashi Nishida, Yoichi Kobayashi, Noboru Takayanagi
Summary: This study found that age, general condition, comorbidities, and specific pathogens were predictors of long-term prognosis in CAP patients. Respiratory diseases were the most common cause of death post-CAP.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yaniv Faingelernt, Ron Dagan, Noga Givon-Lavi, Bart Adriaan van der Beek, Shalom Ben-Shimol, Eilon Shany, David Greenberg
Summary: The implementation of PCV vaccination in Israel has led to a reduction in CAAP incidence in both preterm-born and term-born infants. The reduction rate was higher in outpatients compared to hospitalized children, and the disparity in CAAP rates between preterm-born and term-born infants was also reduced.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Arnold Lee, Yvette N. Lamb, Matt Shirley
Summary: Delafloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibacterial, has demonstrated efficacy in treating community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and skin infections. It is as effective as moxifloxacin in treating CAP and may be more effective in patients with asthma or COPD. Delafloxacin is well-tolerated and has a low rate of adverse events in CAP patients.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Karin Hansen, Elisabeth Runow, Gustav Torisson, Christian Theilacker, Andreas Palmborg, Kaijie Pan, Qin Jiang, Jo Southern, Rohini Beavon, Bradford D. Gessner, Kristian Riesbeck, Jonas Ahl
Summary: The serotype distribution and potential coverage of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) in adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Sweden were unknown. This study found that PCV20 expands the coverage of all-cause CAP compared to PCV13, indicating its potential effectiveness in preventing CAP caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Simon Athlin, Anders Magnuson, Carl Spindler, Jonas Hedlund, Kristoffer Stralin, Pontus Naucler
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of pneumococcal urinary antigen test (UAT) on broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The results showed that overall, UAT did not reduce the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. However, non-severely ill patients with positive UAT results were less likely to receive broad-spectrum antibiotics and antibiotics with coverage for atypical bacteria.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Silvia Montolio Breva, Carmen Molina Clavero, Frederic Gomez Bertomeu, Ester Pico-Plana, Nuria Serrat Orus, Inmaculada Palau Sanchez, Maria Teresa Mestre-Prad, Maria Teresa Sans-Mateu
Summary: This study assessed the performance of five immunoassays and one rapid immunochromatographic test for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The tests showed sensitivities around 70-90% and specificities greater than 95%.
ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Eva M. Satue-Gracia, Angel Vila-Corcoles, Cinte De Diego-Cabanes, Angel Vila-Rovira, Cristina Torrente-Fraga, Frederic Gomez-Bertomeu, Imma Hospital-Guardiola, Olga Ochoa-Gondar, Francisco Martin-Lujan
Summary: This study analyzed the susceptibility and risk factors for COVID-19 among middle-aged and older adults. The results showed that increasing age, nursing-home residence, and multiple comorbidities increased the risk of COVID-19, while the use of statins, angiotensin-receptor blockers/inhibitors, and influenza vaccination was associated with a reduced risk.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena Yeregui, Jenifer Masip, Consuelo Vilades, Pere Domingo, Yolanda M. Pacheco, Julia Blanco, Josep Mallolas, Veronica Alba, Montserrat Vargas, Graciano Garcia-Pardo, Eugenia Negredo, Montserrat Olona, Judit Vidal-Gonzalez, Maria Peraire, Anna Marti, Laia Reverte, Frederic Gomez-Bertomeu, Manuel Leal, Francesc Vidal, Joaquim Peraire, Anna Rull
Summary: Low concentrations of adiponectin receptor (APLNR) and zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein (ZAG) were associated with poor immune recovery in treated PLHIV, indicating potential predictive biomarkers of a discordant immunological response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hana Tahaei, Florence Gignac, Ariadna Pinar, Silvia Fernandez-Barres, Dora Romaguera, Jesus Vioque, Loreto Santa-Marina, Mikel Subiza-Perez, Sabrina Llop, Raquel Soler-Blasco, Victoria Arija, Jordi Salas-Salvado, Adonina Tardon, Isolina Riano-Galan, Jordi Sunyer, Monica Guxens, Jordi Julvez
Summary: This study found a positive association between n-3 PUFA intake during early pregnancy and neuropsychological functions in children at 4 and 7 years of age, suggesting the potential benefits of n-3 PUFAs for cognitive development.
Article
Oncology
Laia Reverte, Elena Yeregui, Montserrat Olona, Alicia Gutierrez-Valencia, Maria Jose Buzon, Anna Marti, Frederic Gomez-Bertomeu, Teresa Auguet, Luis F. Lopez-Cortes, Joaquin Burgos, Clara Benavent-Bofill, Carme Boque, Graciano Garcia-Pardo, Ezequiel Ruiz-Mateos, Maria Teresa Mestre, Francesc Vidal, Consuelo Vilades, Joaquim Peraire, Anna Rull
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Meritxell Rojo-Marticella, Victoria Arija, Jose Angel Alda, Paula Morales-Hidalgo, Patricia Esteban-Figuerola, Josefa Canals
Summary: This study examines the association between ADHD and food consumption in children, finding that children with ADHD have different dietary patterns than their peers. The study also suggests that children with inattentive presentation may be particularly at risk for unhealthy eating habits.
Article
Immunology
Jenifer Masip, Norma Rallon, Elena Yeregui, Montserrat Olona, Salvador Resino, Jose M. Benito, Consuelo Vilades, Graciano Garcia-Pardo, Jose Alcami, Ezequiel Ruiz-Mateos, Frederic Gomez-Bertomeu, Montserrat Vargas, Marta Navarro, Jose A. Oteo, Juan A. Pineda, Anna Marti, Veronica Alba, Francesc Vidal, Joaquin Peraire, Anna Rull
Summary: Long-term elite controllers exhibit elevated tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle function and alpha-ketoglutaric acid is identified as a key metabolite in persistent control. Conversely, lipidomics analysis suggests that an elevated lipidomics plasma profile could predict the reignition of viral replication in LTEC individuals.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Carles Perpinan, Laia Bertran, Ximena Terra, Carmen Aguilar, Jessica Binetti, Miguel Lopez-Dupla, Anna Rull, Laia Reverte, Elena Yeregui, Frederic Gomez-Bertomeu, Joaquim Peraire, Teresa Auguet
Summary: This study investigates the feasibility of using baseline cytokines as early prognostic biomarkers for COVID-19, and analyzes the impact of comorbidities such as obesity or metabolic syndrome on the cytokine profile. The results reveal that resistin and IL-15 are associated with worse prognosis of COVID-19 and serve as the best early predictors for requiring invasive ventilation.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jenifer Masip, Rosa Jorba, Miguel Lopez-Dupla, Pere Domingo, Yolanda Maria Pacheco, Graciano Garcia-Pardo, Esteban Martinez, Consuelo Vilades, Sergi Veloso, Veronica Alba, Montserrat Olona, Francesc Vidal, Frederic Gomez-Bertomeu, Joaquim Peraire, Anna Rull
Summary: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based lipoprotein tests have shown that LDL-P and HDL-P are better predictors of cardiovascular risk than traditional cholesterol markers. In people with HIV, impaired immune function may be associated with preclinical atherosclerosis and vascular dysfunction. Starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) can equalize the lipoprotein-based cardiovascular risk markers between individuals with poor immunological response (INR) and good immunological response (IR).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Victoria Arija, Patricia Esteban-Figuerola, Paula Morales-Hidalgo, Cristina Jardi, Josefa Canals-Sans
Summary: This study assessed nutritional intake and adequacy in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), subdiagnostic autistic symptoms, and typically developing (TD) children. The results showed that preschool children with ASD and subdiagnostic symptoms had slightly lower intake of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), vitamin D, and vitamin B12, while primary school children with ASD and subdiagnostic symptoms had slightly higher intake of protein, cholesterol, thiamine, and niacin and a higher percentage of obesity compared to TD children. All children had a high intake of sugars, fats, and saturated fatty acids; a very highly inadequate intake of vitamins D and E, fiber, beta-carotene, calcium, and magnesium; and a moderately inadequate intake of vitamin C, folate, and iron.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Julia Puig-Vallverdu, Dora Romaguera, Silvia Fernandez-Barres, Florence Gignac, Jesus Ibarluzea, Loreto Santa-Maria, Sabrina Llop, Sandra Gonzalez, Jesus Vioque, Isolina Riano-Galan, Guillermo Fernandez-Tardon, Ariadna Pinar, Michelle C. Turner, Victoria Arija, Jordi Salas-Savado, Martine Vrijheid, Jordi Julvez
Summary: Maternal consumption of ultra-processed food during pregnancy may have adverse effects on certain aspects of child neurodevelopment, particularly language functioning.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carmen Hernandez-Martinez, Josefa Canals, Nuria Voltas, Francisco Martin-Lujan, Victoria Arija
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between prenatal levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in maternal serum and infant cognitive development and temperament. The results suggest that lower levels of acetic, butyric and isobutyric acid are associated with better language and psychomotor development, while medium levels of propionic acid are related to better scores for development, mood and temperament in infants.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carla Martin-Grau, Andres Diaz-Lopez, Estefania Aparicio, Victoria Arija
Summary: This study established serum SCFAs reference ranges for healthy pregnant women in a Mediterranean region of Northern Spain, both early and late in pregnancy. The reference ranges were influenced by factors such as smoking, physical activity, BMI, and primiparity. These reference values can be useful for monitoring pregnancy follow-up and identifying risk values.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Josue Cruz-Rodriguez, Andres Diaz-Lopez, Josefa Canals-Sans, Victoria Arija
Summary: This prospective cohort study examined the association between maternal vitamin B12 status and neurodevelopmental outcomes of infants at 40 days postpartum. The study found that medium maternal vitamin B12 levels in the first trimester were associated with better motor, language, and cognitive skills in infants.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Victoria Arija, Cristina Jardi, Cristina Bedmar, Andres Diaz, Lucia Iglesias, Josefa Canals
Summary: The aim of this review is to examine the effect of infant formula supplements on children's cognitive function. The results indicate that while LC-PUFA supplementation may have some positive effects on certain cognitive functions, there is no consistent benefit observed. Additionally, supplementation with MFGM and its components may have short-term beneficial effects, but no long-term effects were observed.
CURRENT NUTRITION REPORTS
(2022)
