Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lucie Oberhauser, Cecilia Jimenez-Sanchez, Jesper Grud Skat Madsen, Dominique Duhamel, Susanne Mandrup, Thierry Brun, Pierre Maechler
Summary: Chronic exposure to high glucose and fatty acids can lead to adaptations in pancreatic beta cells, which help preserve their secretion response. The expression pattern of lipid pathway genes and the process of fat storage and mobilization play a crucial role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sophie Tritschler, Moritz Thomas, Anika Boettcher, Barbara Ludwig, Janine Schmid, Undine Schubert, Elisabeth Kemter, Eckhard Wolf, Heiko Lickert, Fabian J. Theis
Summary: This study provides a high-resolution transcriptional map of healthy human islet cells and their murine and porcine counterparts. The findings suggest both commonalities and differences in transcriptional profiles across different species, with important identity and functional markers shared between species. The pig data better recapitulated the heterogeneity and functional gene expression of human islet cells compared to the mouse data.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Parmanand Malvi, Vipin Rawat, Romi Gupta, Narendra Wajapeyee
Summary: Metabolic reprogramming, characterized by the overexpression of metabolic enzymes, is a key feature of cancer cells. This study focuses on lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA) as an overexpressed enzyme in various cancer types, including pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and its role in promoting cancer growth. The study models the adaptation of cancer cells to LDHA inhibition, specifically using the competitive LDHA inhibitor sodium oxamate. Through various molecular analyses, the study identifies significant differences in mRNA expression, chromatin accessibility, and metabolite levels between oxamate-resistant PDAC cells and parental cells. Furthermore, integrated analysis reveals changes in metabolic enzymes that contribute to the observed alterations in metabolites. This study provides insights into the transcriptional, chromatin, and metabolic landscapes of LDHA inhibitor resistance in PDAC cells, and highlights the need for further functional studies to understand the mechanisms underlying this resistance and optimize the use of LDHA inhibitors in cancer therapy.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pauline Chabosseau, Guy A. Rutter, Steven J. Millership
Summary: This passage discusses the global impact of diabetes mellitus and the unclear molecular mechanisms underlying the disease. It also highlights the critical role of specialized beta cells in islet activity, the influence of genomic imprinting on beta cell function, and the defects in insulin secretion associated with loss of expression or imprinting in mouse models.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mugdha Joglekar, Subhshri Sahu, Wilson K. M. Wong, Sarang N. Satoor, Charlotte X. Dong, Ryan J. Farr, Michael D. Williams, Prapti Pandya, Gaurang Jhala, Sundy N. Y. Yang, Yi Vee Chew, Nicola Hetherington, Dhan Thiruchevlam, Sasikala Mitnala, Guduru Rao, Duvvuru Nageshwar Reddy, Thomas Loudovaris, Wayne J. Hawthorne, Andrew G. Elefanty, Vinay M. Joglekar, Edouard G. Stanley, David Martin, Helen E. Thomas, David Tosh, Louise T. Dalgaard, Anandwardhan A. Hardikar
Summary: This study reveals the presence of functional insulin-producing cells in the epithelial cells of the gallbladder, both during development and adulthood. Interestingly, these insulin-producing cells in the gallbladder are not targeted by autoimmune cells in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. These findings highlight the evolutionary and developmental similarities between the gallbladder and the pancreas, and provide potential insights for type 1 diabetes therapy.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Yen-Hao Su, Tung-Wei Hsu, Hsin-An Chen, Chih-Ming Su, Ming-Te Huang, Ta-Hsien Chuang, J. Leo Su, Chia-Ling Hsieh, Ching-Feng Chiu
Summary: Research has found that increased Dicer levels may be associated with gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer, with Dicer suppression reducing resistance and overexpression increasing it. The ERK/Sp1 signaling pathway may regulate Dicer expression, correlating positively with pancreatic cancer progression and suggesting therapeutic potential for gemcitabine-resistant cases.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ji-Hyun Lee, Ji-Hyeon Lee, Sushil G. Rane
Summary: Pancreatic islet beta cells play a crucial role in diabetes development, with the TGF-β pathway playing an important role in regulating beta cell development, proliferation, and function. This supports the research and therapeutic potential of targeting the TGF-β pathway in diabetes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucie Oberhauser, Pierre Maechler
Summary: This review discusses the role of lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity in the pathophysiology of obesity-related type 2 diabetes, specifically in the loss of beta-cell function. It highlights the effects of free fatty acid metabolism and receptor-mediated signaling related to glucose-stimulated insulin secretion on beta-cell function. Chronic exposure to high glucose and free fatty acids contributes to beta-cell dysfunction, while the glycerolipid/free fatty acid cycle is considered a protective pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eliana Toren, Yanping Liu, Maigen Bethea, Alexa Wade, Chad S. Hunter
Summary: Pancreatic islet cell development is regulated by transcription factors, and the interaction between Isl1 and Ldb1 is crucial for the maturation and function of islet cells. Ldb1 is expressed in multipotent progenitor cells and endocrine progenitor cells, affecting the formation and function of islets. The loss of Ldb1 leads to a reduction in endocrine cells and dysglycemia, which may have important implications for improving cell-based diabetes therapies.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Simeng Bao, Hongzhi Zheng, Chengjie Chen, Yuhang Zhang, Lina Bao, Bei Yang, Yongyong Hou, Yanyan Chen, Qiang Zhang, Jingbo Pi, Jingqi Fu
Summary: The deficiency of Nfe2l1 in pancreatic beta cells significantly reduced STZ-induced damage and dysfunction, improving glucose tolerance and insulin secretion. This protective effect is partly due to the metabolic switch induced by Nfe2l1 deficiency to enhance glycolysis.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Prawej Ansari, Peter R. Flatt, Patrick Harriott, J. M. A. Hannan, Yasser H. A. Abdel-Wahab
Summary: The study demonstrated the antidiabetic effects of Acacia arabica bark extract, showing potential as a treatment for diabetes. The isolated phytoconstituents, including quercetin and kaempferol, improved glucose tolerance and insulin secretion, indicating the benefits of using them as antidiabetic agents.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nora-Guadalupe P. Ramirez, Jeon Lee, Yue Zheng, Lianbo Li, Bryce Dennis, Didi Chen, Ashwini Challa, Vicente Planelles, Kenneth D. Westover, Neal M. Alto, Ivan D'Orso
Summary: This study revealed an undescribed modulator, ADAP1, that influences the fate of HIV-1 provirus. The experimental results showed that ADAP1 can enhance T cell signaling and facilitate the escape of latent HIV-1 by activating the ERK-AP-1 axis.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Richard Bertram, Isabella Marinelli, Patrick A. Fletcher, Leslie S. Satin, Arthur S. Sherman
Summary: This article describes the history and development of the study on electrical bursting oscillations in pancreatic β-cells, and celebrates the 40th anniversary of the publication of the Chay-Keizer model.
MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michitada Hirano, Yusei So, Shin Tsunekawa, Mio Kabata, Sho Ohta, Hiroshi Sagara, Nao Sankoda, Jumpei Taguchi, Yosuke Yamada, Tomoyo Ukai, Makoto Kato, Jiro Nakamura, Manabu Ozawa, Takuya Yamamoto, Yasuhiro Yamada
Summary: Hirano et al. demonstrate that expression of Mycl can increase proliferation and expand the functional beta-cell population in adult pancreatic islets, improving glucose control. Their findings suggest that transient expression of Mycl can normalize hyperglycemia in diabetic mice and stimulate the division of human adult cadaveric islet cells. This study provides insights into a potential regenerative strategy for beta cells.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Masao Saitoh
Summary: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in cancer progression, associated with invasion, metastasis, generation of tumor stem cells, and resistance to therapy. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta acts as a key mediator in the EMT process, initiating and maintaining EMT through signaling pathways and transcription factors.
Review
Food Science & Technology
A. Cimbalo, M. Alonso-Garrido, G. Font, L. Manyes
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Food Science & Technology
M. Alonso-Garrido, P. Tedeschi, A. Maietti, G. Font, N. Marchetti, L. Manyes
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Alessandra Cimbalo, Manuel Alonso-Garrido, Guillermina Font, Massimo Frangiamone, Lara Manyes
Summary: Enniatins (ENs) are depsipeptide mycotoxins produced by Fusarium fungi known for their ability to modulate cell membrane permeability, disrupt ionic gradients, induce oxidative stress, and alter gene expression related to electron transport chain in mitochondria. ENs can lead to mitochondrial disorders and affect intestinal barrier function by causing oxidative stress.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Massimo Frangiamone, Alessandra Cimbalo, Manuel Alonso-Garrido, Pilar Vila-Donat, Lara Manyes
Summary: Due to globalization, mycotoxins have become a major food contaminant with significant risks to human health. This review focuses on the toxic effects of AFB1 and OTA, two of the most toxic and studied mycotoxins, on human health using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence techniques in vitro and in vivo. The majority of the selected reports examine immunotoxicity, while others explore nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, neurotoxicity, embryotoxicity, reproductive system, breast, esophageal and lung toxicity. Immunofluorescence analysis reveals processes related to inflammation, neuronal differentiation, DNA damage, oxidative stress, and cell death caused by AFB1 and OTA toxicity. Flow cytometry analysis includes apoptosis assay, cell cycle analysis, and intracellular ROS measurement. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of action of AFB1 and OTA on human health.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Laura Escriva, Fojan Agahi, Pilar Vila-Donat, Jordi Manes, Giuseppe Meca, Lara Manyes
Summary: The presence of mycotoxins in cereals and cereal products is a significant issue. This study evaluated the bioaccessibility of aflatoxin B-1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin (OTA) in bread and investigated the effects of milk whey and pumpkin in reducing mycotoxins bioaccessibility. The results showed that pumpkin powder was the most effective in reducing AFB1 and OTA bioaccessibility, followed by whey, fermented whey, and the combination of pumpkin-fermented whey. These findings suggest that pumpkin and milk whey could be potential bioactive ingredients for the bakery industry.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Nuria Dasi-Navarro, Manuel Lozano, Sabrina Llop, Ana Esplugues, Alessandra Cimbalo, Guillermina Font, Lara Manyes, Jordi Manes, Pilar Vila-Donat
Summary: Mycotoxin contamination in food is a global health concern. This study developed a sensitive method using LC-Q-TOF-MS for the simultaneous determination of targeted mycotoxins and the detection of untargeted ones in urine samples. The method was successfully applied to confirm internal exposure in women.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Massimo Frangiamone, Manuel Lozano, Alessandra Cimbalo, Guillermina Font, Lara Manyes
Summary: Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are common contaminants in food and feed, with detrimental effects on human and animal health even in low concentrations. A transcriptomic study on human lymphoblastic T cells revealed altered gene expressions caused by low doses of AFB1, OTA, and their combination. Significant differential gene expressions were observed in all conditions, with immune system-related processes and functions affected. Pathway analysis indicated potential DNA damage, metabolic reprogramming, and cell death with oxidative stress as mechanisms of immune toxicity.
Article
Toxicology
Massimo Frangiamone, Alexander Yemelin, Alessandra Cimbalo, Guillermina Font, Eckhard Thines, Lara Manyes
Summary: The study found that chronic exposure to hepatotoxic Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and nephrotoxic ochratoxin A (OTA) can cause liver and kidney damage, which can be counteracted by natural compounds like fermented whey (FW). By analyzing the altered gene expression of hepatic carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 (CPS1) and renal kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) in male and female rats after 28 days of oral exposure, it was found that FW supplementation can attenuate the hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by AFB1 and OTA.
TOXICOLOGY MECHANISMS AND METHODS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Natalia Martinez, Teresa Gragera, Maria Pilar de Lucas, Ana Belen Camara, Alicia Ballester, Berta Anta, Alberto Fernandez-Medarde, Tania Lopez-Briones, Judith Ortega, Daniel Pena-Jimenez, Antonio Barbachano, Ana Montero-Calle, Victor Cordero, Rodrigo Barderas, Teresa Iglesias, Monica Yunta, Jose Luis Oliva, Alberto Munoz, Eugenio Santos, Natasha Zarich, Jose M. Rojas-Cabaneros
Summary: Spry2 is a molecular modulator of tyrosine kinase receptor signaling pathways with cancer-type-specific effects. It undergoes phosphorylation in response to growth factor stimulation. The expression of Spry2 is distinctly altered in various types of cancer.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Massimo Frangiamone, Manuel Lozano, Alessandra Cimbalo, Alvaro Lazaro, Guillermina Font, Lara Manyes
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential beneficial effects of a pumpkin and fermented milk whey (FW) mixture on the gene expression profile in Jurkat cells exposed to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA). The results showed that the exposure to AFB1-P-FW resulted in 34 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), while OTA-P-FW exposure led to 3450 DEGs and AFB1-OTA-P-FW treatment resulted in 3264 DEGs. Pathway analysis revealed that eicosanoid signaling via lipoxygenase was affected by AFB1-P-FW exposure, while interferon signaling was the most affected pathway after OTA-P-FW and AFB1-OTA-P-FW treatments. Overall, these findings suggest that the P-FW mixture may have anti-inflammatory and protective effects against AFB1 and OTA-induced gene alterations.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Giacomo Di Matteo, Alessandra Cimbalo, Lara Manyes, Luisa Mannina
Summary: G. lutea flower attenuates BEA cytotoxicity and reduces the presence of major oncoproteins through modulation of protein expression.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
L. Escriva, L. Manyes, P. Vila-Donat, G. Font, G. Meca, M. Lozano
Summary: LAB fermentation enhances the bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds in yellow mustard flour and milk whey. Yellow mustard flour is rich in total polyphenols, while milk whey has higher concentrations of PLA and lactic acid. After simulated digestion, antioxidant activity decreases in both ingredients.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marta Miro, Manuel Alonso-Garrido, Manuel Lozano, Juanjo Peiro, Lara Manyes
Summary: Monitoring CD through anti-transglutaminase antibody levels can evaluate disease progression and its association with dietary non-compliance and related diseases. Results showed differences in clinical manifestations and intestinal villi condition based on age and gender, with TGA-IgA antibody levels directly associated with digestive disorder quantity and dietary non-compliance in patients.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ana L. Baltazar, Ana Ferreira, Lara Manyes, Jordi Manes
CURRENT NUTRITION & FOOD SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marta Miro, Manuel Alonso-Garrido, Manuel Lozano, Lara Manyes
REVISTA ESPANOLA DE NUTRICION HUMANA Y DIETETICA
(2020)