Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christa Heryanto, Ramesh Ratnappan, Damien M. O'Halloran, John M. Hawdon, Ioannis Eleftherianos
Summary: Entomopathogenic nematodes in the genera Heterorhabditis and Steinernema are obligate parasites of insects that live in the soil. They have a mutualistic association with specific bacteria, enabling them to infect suitable insect hosts and subvert the host's immune response for efficient reproduction. These nematodes are widely used as biological control agents to manage agricultural insect pests and also serve as research tools for studying nematode pathogenicity and host response.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Ryan Musumba Awori
Summary: This article provides a brief overview of the symbiotic relationship between Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus bacteria and their respective nematode hosts. It emphasizes their contributions to the entomopathogenicity and fecundity of the nematodes through the production of small molecules. The article discusses the use of nucleotide sequence-based techniques for species delineation and highlights the potential improvement through pangenomes. Using the Steinernema-Xenorhabdus association as an example, the article visualizes the bacterium-nematode lifecycle and emphasizes the role of bacterial biomolecules. It also discusses the current development of drug compounds and highlights two potential antimalarial lead compounds. Overall, the article tabulates forty-eight significant nematophilic bacteria and visualizes the ecological importance of their biomolecules, providing insights into the potential for novel therapies.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Pilar Vesga, Eva Augustiny, Christoph Keel, Monika Maurhofer, Jordan Vacheron
Summary: Strains of Pseudomonas protegens and Pseudomonas chlororaphis have the ability to control soilborne plant pathogens and kill pest insects by producing virulence factors. The study found that P. protegens strains were more homogeneous in phylogeny, biocontrol, and insecticidal capabilities, while P. chlororaphis strains were more heterogeneous. Analysis of closely related P. chlororaphis isolates revealed variations in genes encoding insecticidal factors, which may explain the reduced insecticidal activity in certain strains.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Polpass Arul Jose, Boaz Yuval, Edouard Jurkevitch
Summary: Polyphagous and holometabolous insects adapt to rapid diet shifts imposed by their ecology and life cycle. The insect's microbiome also changes in relation to development and larval host, but the contributions of parental and larval host to its structure and trans-generational dynamics are unknown.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Ricardo A. R. Machado, Aashaq Hussain Bhat, Carlos Castaneda-Alvarez, Tarique Hassan Askary, Vladimir Puza, Sylvie Pages, Joaquin Abolafia
Summary: Three new Xenorhabdus species were discovered based on phylogenomic reconstructions, sequence identity scores, and phenotypic characterization. XENO-2(T) and XENO-10(T) are closely related to Xenorhabdus japonica DSM 16522(T), while XENO-7(T) is closely related to Xenorhabdus bovienii subsp. africana XENO-1(T) and X. bovienii subsp. bovienii T228(T). The newly described species show high pathogenicity to G. mellonella larvae and exhibit specific growth conditions and biochemical characteristics. The study enhances our understanding of the biodiversity and phylogenetic relationships of entomopathogenic bacteria.
CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Xiaofeng Xia, Qian Wang, Geoff M. Gurr, Liette Vasseur, Shuncai Han, Minsheng You
Summary: The diamondback moth (DBM) has adapted to the chemical defenses of Brassicaceae plants, but its role in the DBM's adaptation to plant defense compounds is unknown. In this study, the secondary metabolites of radish seedlings were identified and found to reduce the growth of DBM larvae lacking gut bacteria. However, the re-introduction of Enterobacter dominated gut microbiota counteracted this effect. The bacterium Enterobacter not only degrades the flavonoid kaempferol, but also colonizes the gut epithelium, forming a protective biofilm.
Review
Cell Biology
Jeffrey S. Schorey, Yong Cheng, William R. McManus
Summary: Intracellular bacterial pathogens release bacterial components inside and outside host cells to promote their survival and replication. While both bacteria- and host-derived vesicles play a role in infection, research on these vesicles has been largely separate, despite their potential impact on bacterial pathogenesis and host immunity.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Zoology
Selcuk Hazir, Harry K. Kaya, Mustapha Touray, Harun Cimen, David Shapiro-Ilan
Summary: Broad spectrum chemical pesticides are harmful to humans and other nontarget organisms. Biological control using natural enemies is a viable alternative. This manual serves as a practical guide for researchers and users, providing information on identification, classification, and handling of biocontrol agents.
TURKISH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Beatriz Acuna Hidalgo, Sophie A. O. Armitage
Summary: This study investigated the immune priming effects of Drosophila melanogaster against two different bacteria, finding that different primary exposure treatments did not significantly affect survival and resistance after challenge.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Heidi Goodrich-Blair
Summary: The oral microbiome consists of microbial communities colonizing different surfaces in the mouth, and these communities are associated with health and disease. The successful utilization of nutrients and defense against host and competitor attacks are key factors determining the colonization and persistence of beneficial and dysbiotic oral microbiomes.
PERIODONTOLOGY 2000
(2021)
Article
Entomology
Ya-Ping Chen, Ya-Hong Li, Zhong-Xiang Sun, E-Wei Du, Zhi-Hui Lu, Hao Li, Fu-Rong Gui
Summary: The gut microbiota of the fall armyworm (FAW) in different host plants shows significant diversity and plays a role in detoxification and adaptation to host plants.
Article
Entomology
Zhiqiang Wang, Kai Feng, Fang Tang, Meng Xu
Summary: The caterpillar Hyphantria cunea is a quarantine pest causing serious economic losses in agriculture and forestry industries. Using microbial pesticides, such as Serratia marcescens, is important for pest control. This study identified immune-related genes in H. cunea after infection with S. marcescens, showing how the immune system of the caterpillar responds to the pathogen.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shunta Yorimoto, Mitsuru Hattori, Maki Kondo, Shuji Shigenobu
Summary: This study reports a co-obligate symbiosis in the eusocial aphid, Ceratovacuna japonica, involving a novel Arsenophonus sp. symbiont and the common obligate endosymbiont Buchnera aphidicola. Both symbionts share anatomical and genomic properties similar to independently evolved multi-partner symbiotic systems. Additionally, symbiont populations and bacteriome morphology differ between reproductive and soldier castes.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Tiziana Maria Mahayri, Katerina Olsa Fliegerova, Silvana Mattiello, Stefania Celozzi, Jakub Mrazek, Chahrazed Mekadim, Hana Sechovcova, Simona Kvasnova, Elie Atallah, Giuseppe Moniello
Summary: Comparison of fecal bacteria in cows and goats offered the same diet revealed differences in bacterial diversity and composition, with the host species influencing the gut microbiome.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Andras Fodor, Claudia Hess, Petra Ganas, Zsofia Boros, Janos Kiss, Laszlo Makrai, Karoly Dublecz, Laszlo Pal, Laszlo Fodor, Anna Sebestyen, Michael G. Klein, Eustachio Tarasco, Manjusha M. Kulkarni, Bradford S. Mcgwire, Tibor Vellai, Michael Hess
Summary: Anti-microbial peptides have a great potential in combating multidrug resistance. The symbiotic complex of entomopathogenic nematodes and entomopathogenic bacteria releases non-ribosomal templated anti-microbial peptides that may serve as potential drug candidates. Comparative anti-microbial bioassays revealed that Xenorhabdus budapestensis and X. szentirmaii are excellent sources of efficient non-ribosomal templated anti-microbial peptides, which can antagonize certain pathogens.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Nathan C. Bahr, Ryan Halupnick, Grace Linder, Reuben Kiggundu, Henry W. Nabeta, Darlisha A. Williams, Abdu K. Musubire, Bozena M. Morawski, Srinand Sreevatsan, David B. Meya, Joshua Rhein, David R. Boulware
BIOMARKERS IN MEDICINE
(2018)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
D. G. G. Schwarz, F. M. Shoyama, L. L. Oliveira, S. Sreevatsan, M. A. S. Moreira
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Elise A. Lamont, Erin Poulin, Srinand Sreevatsan, Maxim C-J. Cheeran
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
(2018)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Tawatchai Singhla, Sukolrat Boonyayatra, Songkhla Chulakasian, Mintra Lukkana, Julio Alvarez, Srinand Sreevatsan, Scott J. Wells
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2019)
Article
Microbiology
Anderson C. Camargo, Alexandra Moura, Johannetsy Avillan, Nicole Herman, Adelle P. McFarland, Srinand Sreevatsan, Douglas R. Call, Joshua J. Woodward, Marc Lecuit, Luis A. Nero
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Microbiology
Sylvia Wanzala, Jesca Nakavuma, Dominic Travis, Praiscillia Kia, Sam Ogwang, Wade Ray Waters, Tyler Thacker, Timothy Johnson, Syeda Anum Hadi, Srinand Sreevatsan
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
S. A. Hadi, I. Kolte, E. P. Brenner, E. A. T. Cunha, V Simonsen, L. Ferrazoli, D. A. M. Villela, R. S. Santos, J. Ravi, S. Sreevatsan, P. C. Basta
Summary: The indigenous Guarani-Kaiowa population in South America, particularly in Paraguay and Mato Grosso do Sul, experiences high prevalence of tuberculosis with unique genetic variants. Studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from this community show divergence from reference strains and the urgent need for drug resistance characterization to prevent further evolution and spread of drug-resistant TB.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Kruthika Patel, Sandra M. Godden, Erin E. Royster, Brian A. Crooker, Timothy J. Johnson, Emily A. Smith, Srinand Sreevatsan
Summary: The study investigated the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of S. aureus in BTM from U.S. dairy herds, revealing a high transmission rate with genes for antibiotic resistance and various virulence factors. MRSA and multi-drug resistant strains were also identified, posing a significant risk to animal and public health if their numbers increase in dairy settings, emphasizing the need for continuous monitoring and control.
Article
Microbiology
Hanna Carolina Campos Ferreira, Elaine Nery de Araujo, Nivia Carolina Lopes Rosado, Juliana Lopes Rangel Fietto, Marcus Reboucas Santos, Lidiany Lopes Gomes, Laura Morais Nascimento Silva, Gustavo Costa Bressan, Gustavo Ferreira Martins, Srinand Sreevatsan, Abelardo Silva-Junior
Summary: Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) is a pathogen that causes respiratory and reproductive clinical signs in cattle. Latency of the virus is established in neuronal ganglia, and under stressful conditions, may be reactivated leading to cell apoptosis. The study showed that apoptosis occurred in trigeminal ganglion cells of calves infected with BoHV-1.
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Syeda A. Hadi, Evan P. Brenner, Rinosh Mani, Mitchell Palmer, Tyler Thacker, Srinand Sreevatsan
Summary: This study presents the draft genomes of two Mycobacterium tuberculosis biovar bovis strains. One strain, Ravenel, isolated in the 1900s, has been shown to be attenuated in cattle, while the other strain, 10-7428, is considered highly pathogenic in cattle and was isolated from a bovine tuberculosis outbreak.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Sarad Paudel, Evan P. Brenner, Syeda A. Hadi, Yasuhiko Suzuki, Chie Nakajima, Toshio Tsubota, Kamal Prasad Gairhe, Bhagwan Maharjan, Srinand Sreevatsan
Summary: This report describes the genome sequences of two Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates, S1 and S3, recovered from Asian elephants in Nepal, which will enhance our understanding of the genomic epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Asian elephants.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Evan P. Brenner, Syeda A. Hadi, Beth Harris, Suelee Robbe-Austerman, Srinand Sreevatsan
Summary: Tuberculosis-causing members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex have significant impacts on human health and pose threats to endangered species like elephants. The whole-genome sequences of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from two zoo elephants in the United States were reported.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jonathon D. Gass, Robert J. Dusek, Jeffrey S. Hall, Gunnar Thor Hallgrimsson, Halldor Palmar Halldorsson, Solvi Runar Vignisson, Sunna Bjork Ragnarsdottir, Jon Einar Jonsson, Scott Krauss, Sook-San Wong, Xiu-Feng Wan, Sadia Akter, Srinand Sreevatsan, Nidia S. Trovao, Felicia B. Nutter, Jonathan A. Runstadler, Nichola J. Hill
Summary: IAV circulates among migratory birds in the Arctic and subarctic regions, connecting Europe and North America. Gulls in Iceland play a significant role in the transmission of the virus. These findings contribute to surveillance strategies for seasonal and emerging viruses with potential public health concerns.
Article
Microbiology
Syeda A. Hadi, Evan P. Brenner, Mitchell V. Palmer, W. Ray Waters, Tyler C. Thacker, Catherine Vilcheze, Michelle H. Larsen, William R. Jacobs, Srinand Sreevatsan
Summary: This study investigates the attenuation mechanism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis variant bovis (MBO) strain Ravenel (MBO Ravenel) through experimental calf infection and genomic analysis. The research identifies nine unique mutations in MBO Ravenel compared to other pathogenic strains, which likely contribute to its attenuated phenotype.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Syeda A. Hadi, Wade R. Waters, Mitchell Palmer, Konstantin P. Lyashchenko, Srinand Sreevatsan
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2018)