Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jihye Hwang, Eun Hwa Choi, Bia Park, Gyeongmin Kim, Chorong Shin, Joon Ha Lee, Jae Sam Hwang, Ui Wook Hwang
Summary: In this study, the gene expression abundance related to wing development and metamorphosis in the white-spotted flower chafer Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis was explored based on large-scale RNA-seq data. The transcriptome assembly consisted of 23,551 high-quality transcripts with a coverage of approximately 96.7%. A total of 265 wing development genes, 19 metamorphosis genes, and 1,314 candidates were identified. Network centrality analyses revealed that wing development- and metamorphosis-related genes had a high degree of betweenness centrality. These genes were expressed most highly in eggs, moderately in pupa and adults, and lowest in larva. This study provides valuable clues for understanding the genetic modulation mechanism of wing development and metamorphosis in P. b. seulensis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Filip Wierzbicki, Robert Kofler, Sarah Signor
Summary: Research shows that piRNA clusters exhibit significant variation within Drosophila species, with 70%-80% of clusters conserved within species but little similarity between closely related species. The evolution of clusters is mainly driven by insertions and deletions of transposable elements (TEs), with a rapid rate of variation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bingyu Cai, Yixian Xie, Yufeng Chen, Miaomiao Cao, Junting Feng, Yuqi Li, Liu Yan, Yongzan Wei, Yankun Zhao, Jianghui Xie, Wei Wang
Summary: Plant height is an important agronomic trait associated with yield and resistance to stresses. In this study, the popular banana cultivar 'Brazilian banana' and its dwarf mutant were compared to identify genes related to plant height. The analysis revealed several differentially expressed genes and identified key genes in the signaling pathways of gibberellic acid and indole acetic acid that regulate plant height development in banana.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Liucong Ling, Bettina Muehling, Rita Jaenichen, Nicolas Gompel
Summary: The loss of discrete morphological traits is commonly driven by changes in gene expression, particularly mutations in regulatory elements. However, in a Drosophila species, the loss of a wing spot pigmentation pattern is due to increased chromatin accessibility and the gain of a repressor site at the yellow gene. This increase in chromatin accessibility is regulated by the transcription factor E93, indicating that changes in chromatin accessibility can directly contribute to morphological diversification.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiang Li, Xiuhong Mao, Yujin Xu, Yan Li, Nan Zhao, Junxiu Yao, Yufeng Dong, Mulualem Tigabu, Xiyang Zhao, Shanwen Li
Summary: This study identified key genes involved in Cd stress responses of Populus canadensis 'Neva' through transcriptome sequencing, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms of the species' Cd tolerance and offering critical resources for phytoremediation applications.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Pedro G. Nachtigall, Luciana A. Freitas-de-Sousa, Andrew J. Mason, Ana M. Moura-da-Silva, Felipe G. Grazziotin, Inacio L. M. Junqueira-de-Azevedo
Summary: Comparative analysis of venom compositions in B. cotiara and B. fonsecai revealed distinct regulatory mechanisms and expression profiles of toxin isoforms, suggesting that gene regulation plays a key role in venom evolution among species with conserved ecotypes.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Bin Li, Wen-Xuan Sun, Wan-Ying Zhang, Ye Zheng, Lu Qiao, Yue-Ming Hu, Wei-Qiang Li, Di Liu, Bing Leng, Jia-Ren Liu, Xiao-Feng Jiang, Yan Zhang
Summary: This study classified different subtypes of asthma through molecular expression analysis and identified the molecular basis associated with severe asthma. The research also revealed the association between factors such as neural signals and redox with the severity of asthma.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Francesco Nicola Carelli, Chiara Cerrato, Yan Dong, Alex Appert, Abby Dernburg, Julie Ahringer
Summary: The movement of selfish DNA elements can lead to widespread genomic alterations and rewiring of germline transcriptional regulation. This study found that transposon expansions in Caenorhabditis nematodes led to the acquisition of germline-specific promoters from miniature inverted repeat transposable elements (TEs). These promoters are regulated by a transcription factor related to a transposase. Comparative analyses revealed evolutionary conservation and species-specificity of the co-opted promoters.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yitian Hu, Lili Li, Jianfa Zhao, Yu-Cheng Huang, Jing Zhou, Yalei Fan, Hong-Ji Lin, Chih-Wen Pao, Jyh-Fu Lee, Chien-Te Chen, Changqing Jin, Zhiwei Hu, Jian-Qiang Wang, Linjuan Zhang
Summary: In this study, a catalyst BiCoO3 with pyramidally coordinated Co3+ was reported, which exhibited a large current density of 1000 mA/cm2 at a low overpotential of 402 mV. By replacing Co with Fe, the overpotential reduced to 303 mV to achieve 1000 mA/cm2, surpassing previously reported electrocatalysts. Unlike artificially created oxygen vacancies, BiCoO3 had rich active sites and the shortest reaction pathway, as each Co-O cluster had an oxygen vacancy. This work opens a new avenue for enhancing OER activity at high current densities through optimizing the arrangement of ligand vacancies.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mehmet Neset Ozel, Claudia Skok Gibbs, Isabel Holguera, Mennah Soliman, Richard Bonneau, Claude Desplan
Summary: The study reveals that the Drosophila visual system contains nearly 200 distinct types of neurons, each defined by unique combinations of about 10 continuously expressed transcription factors. Modifying the terminal selector code can predictably convert neuronal fates and these conversions are morphologically and transcriptionally complete. Additionally, the study identifies one gene that is linked to an upstream patterning factor, which specifies neuronal fates in stem cells.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sofie Y. N. Delbare, Sara Venkatraman, Kate Scuderi, Martin T. Wells, Mariana F. Wolfner, Sumanta Basu, Andrew G. Clark
Summary: This study used high-resolution time series RNA-sequencing data to explore the genetic architecture of female's response to SP in Drosophila melanogaster. The results showed that SP not only triggers the transcriptional switch in females after mating, but also affects metabolic gene regulatory network and neuronal gene regulatory network, especially the disruption of female's circadian rhythm.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Darren J. Parker, Tapio Envall, Michael G. Ritchie, Maaria Kankare
Summary: While both male and female Drosophila montana showed similar changes in cold tolerance and gene expression in response to cold treatment, the study found a clear reduction in sexually dimorphic gene expression, indicating a decrease in investment in sex-specific traits when preparing for colder seasons. This reduction was more pronounced in males than females, suggesting that male sexual traits may be more condition-dependent than female traits as predicted by theory. Gene expression changes were largely associated with shifts in metabolic profile, which are likely to contribute to increased cold tolerance. Additionally, the study found that the expression of immune genes was reduced following cold treatment, indicating that reduced investment in costly immune function may be important in helping flies survive colder periods.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jun Zhao, Jiajun Wang, Xuerong Zheng, Haozhi Wang, Jinfeng Zhang, Jia Ding, Xiaopeng Han, Yida Deng, Wenbin Hu
Summary: The state-of-the-art active HER catalysts in acid electrolytes lose catalytic performance in alkaline electrolytes due to the water dissociation step. Designing composite materials is an effective strategy to accelerate alkaline water electrolysis. In this study, alpha/beta-Co(OH)(2)@Ru was prepared to enable efficient HER performance in alkaline solution, offering low overpotential and stable operation. Density functional theory calculations demonstrated that active Ru-O-Co bonds in alpha-Co(OH)(2)@Ru optimize the energy barriers, facilitating the Volmer reaction step.
Review
Ecology
Nicole M. Tosto, Emily R. Beasley, Bob B. M. Wong, Judith E. Mank, Sarah P. Flanagan
Summary: This Review discusses the impact of sexual selection and sexual conflict on genomes and transcriptomes and proposes an integrative approach to understand these processes. Sexual dimorphism, resulting from shared genomic variation, is a common example of phenotypic variation within species. Gene expression differences between sexes contribute to sexual dimorphisms. However, distinguishing the role of sexual selection in the evolution of sexually dimorphic gene expression remains challenging. The proposed framework suggests a comparative approach that incorporates molecular mechanisms and is expected to provide valuable insights in various fields.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Alexandra D. Buffry, Sebastian Kittelmann, Alistair P. McGregor
Summary: Hox genes determine the regional identity of animal bodies during embryogenesis and play a role in post-embryonic fine-scale morphology. In Drosophila melanogaster, the Ultrabithorax (Ubx) gene regulates bristle and trichome patterning on the femurs of the second and third leg pairs. The repression of trichomes in the proximal posterior region of the T2 femur by Ubx is mediated by the activation of microRNA-92a and microRNA-92b. Additionally, a novel enhancer of Ubx that recapitulates its temporal and regional activity in T2 and T3 legs has been identified, along with transcription factors and co-factors that regulate trichome patterning.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)