Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Piotr Pardak, Rafal Filip, Jaroslaw Wolinski, Maciej Krzaczek
Summary: The study found that gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is more common in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Lower ghrelin levels were observed in severe OSA patients, with correlations to severity of esophagitis and GERD symptoms, while leptin levels were correlated with lower esophageal pH. The relationship between OSA and GERD does not result from hormonal disorders, as no significant differences in hormonal levels were found based on GERD diagnosis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhipeng Cao, Kening Zhao, Irvin Jose, Nick J. Hoogenraad, Laura D. Osellame
Summary: Cancer cachexia is common in cancer patients, limiting treatment options due to decreased tolerance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Current diagnostic criteria based on weight loss and muscle function may be limiting and late for treatment. Biomarkers could supplement current diagnostic criteria and assess potential treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Piotr Pardak, Rafal Filip, Jaroslaw Wolinski
Summary: This study found an association between obesity and sleep-related breathing disorders. Both disorders affect ghrelin levels, with obesity parameters negatively correlated with hormone concentration. OSA appears to lower ghrelin values in the second half of the night.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Hitomi Jo, Tatsuya Yoshida, Hidehito Horinouchi, Shigehiro Yagishita, Yuji Matsumoto, Yuki Shinno, Yusuke Okuma, Yasushi Goto, Noboru Yamamoto, Kazuhisa Takahashi, Noriko Motoi, Yuichiro Ohe
Summary: Cancer cachexia significantly impacts the prognosis of patients with advanced NSCLC receiving pembrolizumab, but is not associated with the response to pembrolizumab. Serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and appetite-related hormones are related to the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
David Blum, Susanne de Wolf-Linder, Rolf Oberholzer, Michael Brandle, Thomas Hundsberger, Florian Strasser
Summary: In this study, the use of ghrelin in improving nutritional intake in advanced cancer patients was investigated. The results showed that ghrelin had variable effects on appetite and eating-related symptoms, as well as a positive impact on patient narratives. The intervention was complex, and although the number of patients included was small, ghrelin was found to be safe and well tolerated in advanced cancer patients with cachexia.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel Villarreal, Geetali Pradhan, Yu Zhou, Bingzhong Xue, Yuxiang Sun
Summary: Ghrelin and obestatin, encoded by the same gene, have diverse and complex functions. Although they have opposing effects in some systems, they function synergistically in others, with many functions remaining debatable.
Article
Cell Biology
Thomas M. O'Connell, Lilian Golzarri-Arroyo, Fabrizio Pin, Rafael Barreto, Stephanie L. Dickinson, Marion E. Couch, Andrea Bonetto
Summary: The search for early biomarkers of cancer cachexia is crucial, with amino acids and lipoproteins identified as the earliest significant changes. Metabolic alterations appear before weight loss, providing a new avenue for early detection in clinical settings.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roberta Belli, Elisabetta Ferraro, Alessio Molfino, Raffaella Carletti, Federica Tambaro, Paola Costelli, Maurizio Muscaritoli
Summary: Cancer cachexia, characterized by unintentional weight loss due to systemic inflammation, impaired energy metabolism, and loss of muscle and adipose tissues, poses challenges in early diagnosis due to the lack of biomarkers. Liquid biopsy and circulating miRNAs have emerged as potential sources of easily accessible biomarkers for early detection, especially in the context of muscle atrophy related to cancer cachexia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Can Gong, Qianyi Wan, Rui Zhao, Xinrong Zuo, Yi Chen, Tao Li
Summary: This study investigated the prognostic value of the cachexia index (CXI) in gastric cancer (GC) patients. The results showed that low CXI was associated with advanced tumor stage, increased levels of inflammatory markers, and decreased levels of nutritional markers. Furthermore, patients with low CXI had a poorer overall survival and a higher risk of postoperative complications. The combination of CXI with cachexia, low BMI, or advanced TNM stage could further predict a worse prognosis.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Haiming L. Kerr, Kora Krumm, Ian (In-gi) Lee, Barbara Anderson, Anthony Christiani, Lena Strait, Beatrice A. Breckheimer, Brynn Irwin, Alice (Siyi) Jiang, Artur Rybachok, Amanda Chen, Lucas Caeiro, Elizabeth Dacek, Daniel B. Hall, Caroline H. Kostyla, Laura M. Hales, Tarik M. Soliman, Jose M. Garcia
Summary: In this study, the effects and mechanisms of action of EXT418 on lung cancer-induced cachexia in mice were evaluated. EXT418 was found to attenuate cachexia by reducing skeletal muscle inflammation, proteolysis, and mitophagy, independently of tumor mass and partially independent of food intake.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ilya Smolensky, Kilian Zajac-Bakri, Timothy Sasha Odermatt, Catherine Bregere, John F. Cryan, Raphael Guzman, Katharina Timper, Dragos Inta
Summary: Low-carbohydrate diets are commonly used for obesity and metabolic disorders. This study found that a ketogenic diet led to reduced body weight and subcutaneous fat in male mice, while a moderate low-carbohydrate diet increased body weight and perigonadal fat in female mice. These findings suggest a complex gender-dependent effect of dietary interventions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yan Wang, Lili Du, Jiexian Jing, Xianwen Zhao, Xing Wang, Shenghuai Hou
Summary: Effective screening and treatment have reduced the number of women dying from breast cancer, but the long-term effects of treatment and psychosocial factors still affect the quality of life of patients. Therefore, the discovery and application of targeted biomarkers to improve functional outcome and life quality is necessary for breast cancer patients.
Article
Oncology
Qianyi Wan, Qian Yuan, Rui Zhao, Xiaoding Shen, Yi Chen, Tao Li, Yinghan Song
Summary: In this study, the prognostic value of a novel cachexia indicator, the cachexia index (CXI), in patients with colorectal cancer was investigated. The results showed that CXI could serve as an effective indicator for diagnosing major complications and predicting overall survival (OS) in patients. Patients in the low CXI group were associated with older age, lower BMI, a higher percentage of cachexia, and advanced TNM stage. Logistic regression analysis revealed that low CXI, cachexia, and coronary heart disease were independent risk factors for major complications.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Megan Herodes, Lindsey J. J. Anderson, Samuel Shober, Ellen A. A. Schur, Solomon A. A. Graf, Nicola Ammer, Ramiro Salas, Marco Marcelli, Jose M. M. Garcia
Summary: This pilot study evaluated the safety and efficacy of using macimorelin, a growth hormone secretagogue, in cancer cachexia patients. The results showed that one-week administration of macimorelin improved body weight and quality of life in these patients. The importance of this study lies in providing a potential new approach for treating cancer cachexia.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Grzegorz Ginter, Piotr Ceranowicz, Zygmunt Warzecha
Summary: Ghrelin, an endogenous ligand for the ghrelin receptor, is primarily produced by endocrine cells in the gastric mucosa and has various physiological effects such as stimulating growth hormone secretion and regulating glucose homeostasis. Recent research focuses on the protective and therapeutic effects of ghrelin in the gut, as well as its potential role in carcinogenesis and cancer treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Spectroscopy
Wenjing Peng, Cristian D. Gutierrez Reyes, Sakshi Gautam, Aiying Yu, Byeong Gwan Cho, Mona Goli, Kaitlyn Donohoo, Stefania Mondello, Firas Kobeissy, Yehia Mechref
Summary: Glycosylation is a significant posttranslational modification in mammalian cells, involved in various biofunctions and diseases. Mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for glycan and glycopeptide isomeric analysis, but its comprehensive characterization remains a challenge. Separation methods and bioinformatic tools are applied to address this challenge.
MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Patrizia Mondello, Jonas Paludo, Joseph P. Novak, Kerstin Wenzl, Zhi-Zhang Yang, Shahrzad Jalali, Jordan E. Krull, Esteban Braggio, Surendra Dasari, Michelle K. Manske, Jithma A. Abeykoon, Vivekananda Sarangi, Prashant Kapoor, Aneel Paulus, Craig B. Reeder, Sikander Ailawadhi, Asher A. Chanan-Khan, Robert A. Kyle, Morie A. Gertz, Anne J. Novak, Stephen M. Ansell
Summary: This study identified three distinct molecular clusters in IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and Waldenstro euro m macroglobulinemia (WM), which corresponded to different pathological features and clinical presentations. This finding may contribute to a biological classification of these diseases, thus providing more precise treatment options.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Periklis Charalampous, Juanita A. Haagsma, Lea S. Jakobsen, Vanessa Gorasso, Isabel Noguer, Alicia Padron-Monedero, Rodrigo Sarmiento, Joao Vasco Santos, Scott A. McDonald, Dietrich Plass, Grant M. A. Wyper, Ricardo Assuncao, Elena von der Lippe, Balazs Adam, Ala'a AlKerwi, Jalal Arabloo, Ana Lucia Baltazar, Boris Bikbov, Maria Borrell-Pages, Iris Brus, Genc Burazeri, Serafeim C. Chaintoutis, Jose Chen-Xu, Nino Chkhaberidze, Seila Cilovic-Lagarija, Barbara Corso, Sarah Cuschieri, Carlotta Di Bari, Keren Dopelt, Mary Economou, Theophilus Emeto, Peter Fantke, Florian Fischer, Alberto Freitas, Juan Manuel Garcia-Gonzalez, Federica Gazzelloni, Mika Gissler, Artemis Gkitakou, Hakan Gulmez, Sezgin Gunes, Sebastian Haller, Romana Haneef, Cesar A. Hincapie, Paul Hynds, Jane Idavain, Milena Ilic, Irena Ilic, Gaetano Isola, Zubair Kabir, Maria Kamusheva, Pavel Kolkhir, Naime Meric Konar, Polychronis Kostoulas, Mukhtar Kulimbet, Carlo La Vecchia, Paolo Lauriola, Miriam Levi, Marjeta Majer, Enkeleint A. Mechili, Lorenzo Monasta, Stefania Mondello, Javier Munoz Laguna, Evangelia Nena, Edmond S. W. Ng, Paul Nguewa, Vikram Niranjan, Iskra Alexandra Nola, Ronan O'Caoimh, Marija Obradovic, Elena Pallari, Mariana Peyroteo, Vera Pinheiro, Nurka Pranjic, Miguel Reina Ortiz, Silvia Riva, Cornelia Melinda Adi Santoso, Milena Santric Milicevic, Tugce Schmitt, Niko Speybroeck, Maximilian Sprugel, Paschalis Steiropoulos, Aleksandar Stevanovic, Lau Caspar Thygesen, Fimka Tozija, Brigid Unim, Hilal Bektas Uysal, Orsolya Varga, Milena Vasic, Rafael Jose Vieira, Vahit Yigit, Brecht Devleesschauwer, Sara M. Pires
Summary: This systematic literature review provides an overview of studies applying the disability-adjusted life years (DALY) concept for infectious diseases in European countries. Among the 105 included studies, food- and water-borne diseases were the most frequently studied. The number of burden of infectious disease studies has increased over time, but there is less consensus in methodological approaches.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Anastasia Bougea, Per Svenningsson, Ioanna Markaki, Abdul Hye, Stefania Mondello
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Roberto Chimenz, Valeria Chirico, Caterina Cuppari, Alessia Sallemi, Davide Cardile, Sergio Baldari, Giorgio Ascenti, Paolo Monardo, Antonio Lacquaniti
Summary: This study found that high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) could serve as a useful biomarker in differentiating between febrile lower urinary tract infection (LUTI) and acute pyelonephritis (APN). Serum HMGB1 levels were higher in APN patients compared to LUTI patients, while urine HMGB1 values showed no differences. Serum HMGB1 correlated with C-reactive protein levels, and its area under the curve was different from CRP and white blood cells in detecting APN. Serum HMGB1 and vesicoureteral reflux were independently associated with the risk of renal scarring development.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mario D'Agostino, Davide Mauro, Mariateresa Zicarelli, Nazareno Carullo, Marta Greco, Michele Andreucci, Giuseppe Coppolino, Davide Bolignano
Summary: Uremic Cardiomyopathy (UCM) is a prevalent cardiovascular complication in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, particularly those undergoing chronic dialysis. This paper reviews the significance of micro-RNAs (miRNAs) in UCM, highlighting their role in cardiac remodeling and fibrosis. Experimental evidence suggests that specific miRNAs are closely involved in key pathways related to ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis. Furthermore, preliminary clinical evidence indicates the potential use of circulating miRNAs as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for risk stratification in UCM.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Davide Bolignano, Marta Greco, Pierangela Presta, Alfredo Caglioti, Nazareno Carullo, Mariateresa Zicarelli, Daniela Patrizia Foti, Francesco Dragone, Michele Andreucci, Giuseppe Coppolino
Summary: MBG levels in chronic kidney transplant recipients are influenced by sodium balance, renal impairment, and the severity of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Therefore, MBG may represent an important missing link between reduced graft function and pathological cardiac remodeling, and hold important prognostic value for improving cardio-renal risk assessment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Akeem Sanni, Mona Goli, Jingfu Zhao, Junyao Wang, Chloe Barsa, Samer El Hayek, Farid Talih, Bartolo Lanuzza, Firas Kobeissy, Giuseppe Plazzi, Monica Moresco, Stefania Mondello, Raffaele Ferri, Yehia Mechref
Summary: This study aimed to identify potential serum biomarkers for narcolepsy type 1 (NT1), a life-threatening disorder characterized by a sleep-wake cycle disorder. A proteomics analysis was conducted, which revealed 36 differentially expressed proteins associated with NT1. These findings provide insights into the pathophysiological effects and important biochemical pathways involved in NT1.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nazareno Carullo, Giuseppe Fabiano, Mario D'Agostino, Maria Teresa Zicarelli, Michela Musolino, Pierangela Presta, Ashour Michael, Michele Andreucci, Davide Bolignano, Giuseppe Coppolino
Summary: This paper summarizes the biological characteristics, functions, and implications of marinobufagenin (MBG), a natural cardiac glycoside found in various animal species including humans. The review focuses on MBG's involvement in chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular diseases, sex and gender medicine, and its effects on the nervous and immune systems. The role of MBG in pathogenesis and the development of various pathological conditions suggests its potential as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target, opening important avenues for scientific research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Transplantation
Jorge E. Rojas-Rivera, Sevcan A. Bakkaloglu, Davide Bolignano, Ionut Nistor, Pantelis A. Sarafidis, Sokratis Stoumpos, Mario Gennaro Cozzolino, Alberto Ortiz, ERA ERBP
Summary: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is diagnosed based on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (UACR). High cardiovascular risk is associated with moderate or severe CKD. The management recommendations for lupus nephritis (LN) and cardiovascular risk in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases do not consider albuminuria or CKD. The authors propose a change in the conceptual framework to treat LN as a cause of CKD and apply evidence from large CKD trials.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Wael M. Y. Mohamed, Firas Kobeissy, Stefania Mondello
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Antonio Lacquaniti, Romana Gargano, Susanna Campo, Teresa Casuscelli di Tocco, Silvia Schifilliti, Paolo Monardo
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of switching from ferric gluconate (FG) to ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) therapy on iron metabolism, anemia, and economic implications in chronic hemodialysis patients. The results showed that FCM treatment reduced ESA dose requirements, improved iron status, and was more cost-effective compared to FG treatment.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sara Conti, Carla Fornari, Pietro Ferrara, Ippazio C. Antonazzo, Fabiana Madotto, Eugenio Traini, Miriam Levi, Achille Cernigliaro, Benedetta Armocida, Nicola L. Bragazzi, Ennio Cadum, Michele Carugno, Giacomo Crotti, Silvia Deandrea, Paolo A. Cortesi, Davide Guido, Ivo Iavicoli, Sergio Iavicoli, Carlo La Vecchia, Paolo Lauriola, Paola Michelozzi, Salvatore Scondotto, Massimo Stafoggia, Francesco S. Violante, Cristiana Abbafati, Luciana Albano, Francesco Barone-Adesi, Antonio Biondi, Cristina Bosetti, Danilo Buonsenso, Giulia Carreras, Giulio Castelpietra, Alberico Catapano, Maria S. Cattaruzza, Barbara Corso, Giovanni Damiani, Francesco Esposito, Silvano Gallus, Davide Golinelli, Simon I. Hay, Gaetano Isola, Caterina Ledda, Stefania Mondello, Paolo Pedersini, Umberto Pensato, Norberto Perico, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Francesco Sanmarchi, Rocco Santoro, Biagio Simonetti, Brigid Unim, Marco Vacante, Massimiliano Veroux, Jorge H. Villafane, Lorenzo Monasta, Lorenzo G. Mantovani
Summary: We investigated the temporal variations in disease burden of PM2.5 and ozone in Italy using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The study found that while the burden of PM2.5 significantly decreased in Italy, the burden of ozone increased, even in the context of population aging.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Michela Musolino, Pierangela Presta, Paola Cianfrone, Maria Antonietta Errante, Michele Andreucci, Giuseppe Coppolino, Davide Bolignano
Summary: This study explored the relationship between the level of physical activity and severity of mood disturbances in patients with end-stage kidney disease. The results showed that physical inactivity and mood disturbances were significantly inter-connected in these patients and could impact their quality of life, autonomic dysfunction, and long-term outcomes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Anna Pisano, Carmine Zoccali, Davide Bolignano, Graziella D'Arrigo, Francesca Mallamaci
Summary: The study aimed to define the clinical penetrance of sleep apnoea in patients with chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease, revealing a high prevalence of sleep apnoea in both non-dialysis CKD and ESKD patients. This highlights the importance of using objective diagnostic tools to identify sleep apnoea in kidney disease patients.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
