Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ran Zhu, Ting-Wei Liu, Fan Liu
Summary: The study shows that treatment of acute pulmonary embolism (APE) with serine protease urokinase or urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) can increase endogenous expression of uPA and its receptor uPAR. Using an in vitro hypoxia/reoxygenation model, the study reveals that hypoxia/reoxygenation induces cell apoptosis and secretion of certain molecules, which can be attenuated with exogenous uPA treatment. Additionally, hypoxia/reoxygenation leads to degradation of uPAR, but this degradation can be reversed with uPA treatment.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paola Manzo, Valentina Giudice, Filomena Napolitano, Danilo De Novellis, Bianca Serio, Paolo Moscato, Nunzia Montuori, Carmine Selleri
Summary: The microenvironment is crucial for multiple myeloma development and progression. Macrophages and the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) system play important roles in these processes. Inhibitors of uPAR have shown potential therapeutic effects in primary multiple myeloma cells, reducing interleukein-6 and DKK-1 levels in culture medium. However, further studies are needed to validate these preliminary results.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Esra Demirel, Reem Sabouni, Neelima Chandra, Ov D. Slayden, David F. Archer
Summary: The study investigates the distribution and concentrations of several receptors and activators within the primate endometrium during artificial menstrual cycles, showing similarities in their expression patterns suggesting overlapping pathways. These findings indicate potential interactions between the plasminogen activator system and steroid receptors in the endometrium.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Koji Sugioka, Teruo Nishida, Aya Kodama-Takahashi, Junko Murakami, Fukutaro Mano, Kiyotaka Okada, Masahiko Fukuda, Shunji Kusaka
Summary: Corneal fibroblasts are regulated by collagen, and the targeting of Endo180 and uPA receptor may play a role in the regulation of alpha-SMA expression in a manner dependent on TGF-beta signaling. uPA deficiency may promote the interaction between collagen and Endo180 and increase alpha-SMA expression.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ourania S. Kotsiou, Ioannis Pantazopoulos, Georgios Mavrovounis, Konstantinos Marsitopoulos, Konstantinos Tourlakopoulos, Paraskevi Kirgou, Zoe Daniil, Konstantinos Gourgoulianis
Summary: The study investigated the role of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) as a marker for asthma severity. The results showed that suPAR levels were lower in patients with moderate uncontrolled asthma compared to those with severe uncontrolled asthma. No correlations were found between suPAR levels and age, BMI, T2 biomarkers, CRP, or spirometric parameters.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhiwei Wang, Kunxiong Wang, Xin Gao, Zhenxiang Liu, Zengshu Xing
Summary: This study found that high expression levels of PLAUR in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) are associated with poor prognosis. PLAUR is involved in the progression of ccRCC and has functions in inflammatory and immune-related pathways. PLAUR may serve as an important immunotherapy target for ccRCC.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Yukiko Asano, Takayuki Iwaki, Kazuo Umemura, Naohiro Kanayama, Hiroaki Itoh
Summary: The study showed that fibrin had no effect on mouse blastocysts, but significantly suppressed trophoblast growth in human blastocysts. However, trophoblasts in human blastocysts then switched to growth promotion through increased fibrinolysis with urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) activity.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Torry A. Tucker, Steven Idell
Summary: This review discusses the fibrinolytic pathway, how local derangements of fibrinolysis promote extravascular fibrin deposition, and how pleural mesothelial cells contribute to lung scarring. It also explores the diagnostic value of soluble uPAR in grading pleural effusions, and the clinical importance of single-chain urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) for treating loculated pleural collections.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ashna A. Kumar, Benjamin J. Buckley, Marie Ranson
Summary: This review provides an overview of the role of the urokinase plasminogen activation system (uPAS) in pancreatic cancer, with a focus on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and summarizes the substantial evidence supporting the role of uPAS components in this disease. The review further outlines the potential clinical utility of uPAS components as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for PDAC, as well as the rationale for developing novel uPAS-targeted therapeutics.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Victor M. Schuettfort, Benjamin Pradere, David D'Andrea, Nico C. Grossmann, Fahad Quhal, Hadi Mostafaei, Ekaterina Laukhtina, Keiichiro Mori, Michael Rink, Pierre I. Karakiewicz, Reza Sari Motlagh, Satoshi Katayama, Yair Lotan, Douglas Scherr, Mohammad Abufaraj, Harun Fajkovica, Eva Comperat, Dmitry Enikeev, Shahrokh F. Shariat
Summary: Elevated preoperative plasma levels of uPA, SuPAR, and PAI-one were confirmed to be associated with aggressive disease features and worse survival outcomes in patients treated with RC for UCB. These biomarkers have the potential to identify patients who may benefit from intensified/multimodal therapy and improve the discriminatory power of predictive/prognostic models.
JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tae-Il Kim, Siyoung Cho, Hanyong Jin, Jeehyeon Bae, Chanhee Park, Youngmi Kim
Summary: In this study, new fluorescent probes were developed for the detection and enhanced visualization of urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR). These probes consist of a donor-pi-acceptor-based fluorophore conjugated with a uPAR-binding AE105 peptide. Upon specific binding to uPAR, a turn-on fluorescence signal is instantly triggered, restricting the rotational deactivation of the fluorophore. The probes were successfully applied for the imaging of uPAR overexpressed on cancer cell membranes and in a cell-based uPAR inhibitor assay.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Alaa Efat, Sabry Abdallah Shoeib, Ayman F. Arafa, Ashraf Abdelraof Dawod, Mohamad A. Abd ElHafez, Essam A. Abd ElMohsen, Hany F. Eladly, Reda A. Ibrahim, Aly Elkholy
Summary: SuPAR and PAI-1 were found to be significant predictors of hospital mortality among sepsis patients, and could serve as predictive markers for early death. However, the relatively small sample size may have decreased the statistical power of the study, warranting further research with larger sample sizes to validate these findings.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMMUNOPATHOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manuel Yepes, Yena Woo, Cynthia Martin-Jimenez
Summary: The neurovascular unit is a complex structure involving various cells and components that are essential for maintaining normal neuronal function. Plasminogen activators play a crucial role in regulating the function of the neurovascular unit, with dysfunction leading to neurodegenerative disorders. Research on the expression and function of tissue-type plasminogen activator and urokinase-type plasminogen activator in the neurovascular unit has provided valuable insights into neurovascular and neurodegenerative disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shujuan Yu, Yaqun Sui, Jiawei Wang, Yongdong Li, Hanlin Li, Yingping Cao, Liqing Chen, Longguang Jiang, Cai Yuan, Mingdong Huang
Summary: This study reports the crystal structure of a dimeric form of human urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and identifies a mutation promoting dimer formation. The structure reveals substantial conformational changes compared to the monomeric structure, and the mutation enhances receptor binding and affects cellular functions and morphology. These findings provide insights into uPAR dimerization and its biological effects.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shengyuan Luo, Alexi Vasbinder, Jeanne M. Du-Fay-de-Lavallaz, Joanne Michelle D. Gomez, Tisha Suboc, Elizabeth Anderson, Annika Tekumulla, Husam Shadid, Hanna Berlin, Michael Pan, Tariq U. Azam, Ibrahim Khaleel, Kishan Padalia, Chelsea Meloche, Patrick O'Hayer, Tonimarie Catalan, Pennelope Blakely, Christopher Launius, Kingsley-Michael Amadi, Rodica Pop-Busui, Sven H. Loosen, Athanasios Chalkias, Frank Tacke, Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Izzet Altintas, Jesper Eugen-Olsen, Kim A. Williams, Annabelle Santos Volgman, Jochen Reiser, Salim S. Hayek
Summary: Higher levels of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) were found to be independently associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in COVID-19 hospitalized patients, regardless of D-dimer levels. Combining suPAR and D-dimer can help identify patients at low risk of developing VTE.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rossella Tozzi, Davide Masi, Fiammetta Cipriani, Savina Contini, Elena Gangitano, Maria Elena Spoltore, Ilaria Barchetta, Sabrina Basciani, Mikiko Watanabe, Enke Baldini, Salvatore Ulisse, Carla Lubrano, Lucio Gnessi, Stefania Mariani
Summary: This study evaluated the relationship between SIRT1 and sclerostin with bone mass and quality, finding a negative correlation between SIRT1 and bone density, and a negative correlation between sclerostin and bone mass. The results suggest that blood measurement of SIRT1 and sclerostin, taking into account weight and adiposity, can provide a more accurate assessment of bone health.
Review
Oncology
Salvatore Sorrenti, Vincenzo Dolcetti, Maija Radzina, Maria Irene Bellini, Fabrizio Frezza, Khushboo Munir, Giorgio Grani, Cosimo Durante, Vito D'Andrea, Emanuele David, Pietro Giorgio Calo, Eleonora Lori, Vito Cantisani
Summary: This article provides an up-to-date summary of the current state and controversies surrounding the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) for characterizing thyroid nodules and cancer. While AI has potential benefits in improving diagnostic accuracy and reducing inter-observer variability, there is still ongoing debate about its real effectiveness compared to expert clinicians. Current evidence suggests that AI systems provide results comparable or slightly inferior to ultrasound specialists and radiologists. However, AI can be a valuable support tool, particularly in settings with limited expertise, and it may have potential for training purposes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Silvia Martina Ferrari, Giusy Elia, Francesca Ragusa, Sabrina Rosaria Paparo, Valeria Mazzi, Armando Patrizio, Simona Piaggi, Enke Baldini, Marco Centanni, Concettina La Motta, Alessandro Antonelli, Poupak Fallahi
Summary: This study evaluated the antineoplastic effect of multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor pazopanib in primary human anaplastic thyroid cancer cells in vitro. The results showed that pazopanib inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and increased apoptosis. Moreover, pazopanib significantly decreased the expression of VEGF in the cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Federica Gagliardi, Enke Baldini, Eleonora Lori, Silvia Cardarelli, Daniele Pironi, Augusto Lauro, Domenico Tripodi, Piergaspare Palumbo, Eleonora D'Armiento, Giuseppe Cavallaro, Andrea Polistena, Valerio D'Orazi, Simone Sibio, Poupak Fallahi, Alessandro Antonelli, Vito D'Andrea, Salvatore Ulisse, Salvatore Sorrenti
Summary: Benign and malignant thyroid diseases are linked to the occurrence of extrathyroidal malignancies, including colorectal cancers. Understanding the relationship between these diseases can provide insights into their etiology and/or progression, as well as potential shared genetic and environmental factors. Exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms can lead to improved clinical management and increased surveillance for patients with thyroid diseases at a higher risk of developing extrathyroidal malignancies.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Vincenzo Dolcetti, Eleonora Lori, Daniele Fresilli, Giovanni Del Gaudio, Chiara Di Bella, Patrizia Pacini, Vito D'Andrea, Fabrizio Maria Frattaroli, Giulia Giordana Vallone, Piero Liberatore, Daniele Pironi, Gian Luigi Canu, Pietro Giorgio Calo, Vito Cantisani, Salvatore Sorrenti
Summary: To reduce bleeding-related morbidity in thyroid surgery, new techniques and devices for controlling bleeding have been introduced. The study aimed to describe the ultrasound appearance of topical hemostatics in patients undergoing thyroidectomy. The study evaluated the advantages and disadvantages of different hemostatic agents, including oxidized regenerated cellulose and fibrin glue.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Salvatore Sorrenti, Pietro Giorgio Calo
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Vincenzo Spina, Enke Baldini, Silvia Cardarelli, Cosimo Oliva, Stefano Venarubea, Franca Faraoni, Giovanni Pastore, Rachele Tittoni, Angela Musella, Antonia Squarcella, Eleonora Lori, Elisabetta Renzi, Roberta Feroci, Flavia Mastrodonato, Fabiola Ciferri, Camilla Virili, Marco Centanni, Cristina Fabiani, Rocco Rago, Michele Carlo Schiavi, Pierluigi Palazzetti, Eleonora D'Armiento, Vito Cantisani, Salvatore Sorrenti, Salvatore Ulisse
Summary: Adequate iodine intake is crucial in pregnancy, and pregnant women and their fetuses are still exposed to iodine deficiency. The consumption of iodine-containing supplements should be recommended in pregnancy.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Poupak Fallahi, Giusy Elia, Francesca Ragusa, Sabrina Rosaria Paparo, Armando Patrizio, Eugenia Balestri, Valeria Mazzi, Salvatore Benvenga, Gilda Varricchi, Laura Gragnani, Chiara Botrini, Enke Baldini, Marco Centanni, Clodoveo Ferri, Alessandro Antonelli, Silvia Martina Ferrari
Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19, enters cells through the ACE2 receptor found in various tissues, including endocrine organs like the ovaries, testes, pancreas, and thyroid. SARS-CoV-2 infection has been associated with thyroid disorders and can also induce autoimmune diseases such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease. Further research is needed to better understand this relationship.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Angela Gurrado, Alessandro Pasculli, Nicola Avenia, Rocco Bellantone, Marco Boniardi, Isabella Merante Boschin, Pietro Giorgio Calo, Michele Camandona, Giuseppe Cavallaro, Fabio Cianchi, Giovanni Conzo, Vito D'Andrea, Carmela De Crea, Loredana De Pasquale, Paolo Del Rio, Giovanna Di Meo, Gianlorenzo Dionigi, Chiara Dobrinja, Giovanni Docimo, Fausto Fama, Attilio Galimberti, Laura Giacomelli, Giuseppa Graceffa, Maurizio Iacobone, Nadia Innaro, Celestino Pio Lombardi, Gabriele Materazzi, Fabio Medas, Barbara Mullineris, Luigi Oragano, Nicola Palestini, Giuliano Perigli, Angela Pezzolla, Francesco Paolo Prete, Marco Raffaelli, Giuseppina Renzulli, Lodovico Rosato, Gregorio Scerrino, Lucia Ilaria Sgaramella, Salvatore Sorrenti, Carlotta Testini, Massimiliano Veroux, Guido Gasparri, Mario Testini
Summary: This multicenter study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and differentiate parathyroid cancer (PC) from atypical parathyroid tumour (APT). The study found significant differences between PC and APT in terms of bone involvement, abdominal and neurological symptoms, and ultrasound diameter.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Noemi Zorzetti, Augusto Lauro, Manuela Cuoghi, Marco La Gatta, Ignazio R. Marino, Salvatore Sorrenti, Vito DAndrea, Andrea Mingoli, Giuseppe Giovanni Navarra
Summary: This article introduces the use of ICG-FA in evaluating patients with acute appendicitis undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy. This new method provides intraoperative information on tissue and organ perfusion, guiding surgical decisions and techniques.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Gian Luigi Canu, Federico Cappellacci, Ahmed Abdallah, Islam Elzahaby, David Figueroa-Bohorquez, Eleonora Lori, Julie A. Miller, Sergio Zuniga Pavia, Pilar Pinillos, Atcharaporn Pongtippan, Saleh Saleh Saleh, Salvatore Sorrenti, Chutintorn Sriphrapradang, Pietro Giorgio Calo, Fabio Medas
Summary: This study evaluated the management of indeterminate thyroid nodules across different regions, finding that the Asian region leans towards active surveillance while Eastern regions have a more aggressive approach. Current clinical practice diverges from guidelines, particularly regarding fine-needle aspiration cytology indications. The study highlights the need for homogenous guidelines and new tools to assess the actual risk of malignancy in patients with indeterminate thyroid nodules.