Article
Cell Biology
Koichi Ojima, Masahiro Kigaki, Emi Ichimura, Takahiro Suzuki, Ken Kobayashi, Susumu Muroya, Takanori Nishimura
Summary: The dynamics of different isoforms of myosin in skeletal muscle have been studied using a mouse model expressing fluorescently tagged slow and fast myosin. The results showed that the response to protein turnover disturbance varied between slow and fast myofibers. These findings highlight the importance of studying endogenous myosin dynamics in different muscle fiber types.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Violetta S. Gogoleva, Kamar-Sulu N. Atretkhany, Arina P. Dygay, Taisiya R. Yurakova, Marina S. Drutskaya, Sergei A. Nedospasov
Summary: This article discusses the multifunctional cytokine TNF, its applications in medicine, and the use of humanized mouse models to study the efficacy and safety of TNF-targeting biologics. The authors explore TNF's roles in immune regulation and its practical implications, as well as the importance of utilizing genetically engineered mice for research purposes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Javier Ganz, Eduardo A. Maury, Basheer Becerra, Sara Bizzotto, Ryan N. Doan, Connor J. Kenny, Taehwan Shin, Junho Kim, Zinan Zhou, Keith L. Ligon, Eunjung Alice Lee, Christopher A. Walsh
Summary: Although oncogenic mutations have been found in non-diseased, proliferative non-neural tissues, their prevalence in the human brain is unknown. This study identified oncogenic somatic single-nucleotide variants (sSNVs) in the brains of individuals without tumor diagnoses, with a higher frequency in subcortical white matter and glial cells, and a lower frequency in older individuals. The study also revealed early events in acquiring oncogenic variants, which can contribute to understanding brain tumor origins and improving diagnostics.
Review
Oncology
Maria Laura Centomo, Marianna Vitiello, Laura Poliseno, Pier Paolo Pandolfi
Summary: MicroRNAs play a significant role in the genesis of cancer through their regulation of gene expression. MiR-22 can act as both an oncogene and a tumor suppressor gene, with its activity influenced by tissue and environmental factors. Previous studies have reported contradictory findings regarding the role of miR-22 in different cell and tissue types, but in immunocompetent model systems, miR-22 consistently acts as a tumor-promoting miRNA.
Article
Ophthalmology
Xiaozhen Liu, Ruixuan Jia, Xiang Meng, Ying Li, Liping Yang
Summary: Studies on treating adRP using CRISPR/Cas9 targeting RHO show potential therapeutic effects, but the development of humanized mouse models is still in its early stages.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biology
Mandy Y. Boontanrart, Elia Machler, Simone Ponta, Jan C. Nelis, Viviana G. Preiano, Jacob E. Corn
Summary: The ss-hemoglobinopathies, such as sickle cell disease and ss-thalassemia, can be treated by increasing the expression of delta-globin through gene editing techniques. This offers a new therapeutic approach for these genetic diseases.
Article
Oncology
Nathan Eaton, Emily K. Boyd, Ratnashree Biswas, Melissa M. Lee-Sundlov, Theresa A. Dlugi, Haley E. Ramsey, Shikan Zheng, Robert T. Burns, Martha C. Sola-Visner, Karin M. Hoffmeister, Herve Falet
Summary: Lack of DNM2 in platelets and megakaryocytes has broad effects, including myelofibrosis and defects in red blood cell development. The absence of DNM2 leads to impaired endocytosis of the TPO receptor Mpl, resulting in elevated levels of circulating TPO. These changes may be attributed to constitutive activation of JAK2 and increased levels of TPO.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jennifer E. Klomp, Ye S. Lee, Craig M. Goodwin, Bjorn Papke, Jeff A. Klomp, Andrew M. Waters, Clint A. Stalnecker, Jonathan M. DeLiberty, Kristina Drizyte-Miller, Runying Yang, J. Nathaniel Diehl, Hongwei H. Yin, Mariaelena Pierobon, Elisa Baldelli, Meagan B. Ryan, Siqi Li, Jackson Peterson, Amber R. Smith, James T. Neal, Aaron K. McCormick, Calvin J. Kuo, Christopher M. Counter, Emanuel F. Petricoin, Adrienne D. Cox, Kirsten L. Bryant, Channing J. Der
Summary: Genetic screens were used to identify modulators of KRAS mutant PDAC sensitivity to ERK inhibitor treatment, leading to the discovery of components of the ATR-CHK1 DDR pathway. Inhibition of CHK1 alone led to apoptotic growth suppression in PDAC cells, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy in combination with ERK and autophagy inhibitors. Concurrent DDR suppression was found to enhance the efficacy of ERK and/or autophagy inhibitors in KRAS mutant PDAC.
Article
Oncology
Akiyoshi Kasuga, Takashi Semba, Ryo Sato, Hiroyuki Nobusue, Eiji Sugihara, Hiromasa Takaishi, Takanori Kanai, Hideyuki Saya, Yoshimi Arima
Summary: Biliary tract cancer (BTC) arises from biliary epithelial cells (BECs) in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC), gallbladder cancer (GC), and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC). The manipulation of EpCAM-positive BECs in organoid culture has been shown to be crucial for maintaining the characteristics, stemness, and tumorigenic activity of BTC-initiating cells. The syngeneic mouse models recapitulate the pathological features of human IHCC, GC, and EHCC, and could serve as valuable tools for investigating BTC carcinogenesis and developing new therapeutic strategies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carla Umansky, Agustin E. Morellato, Matthias Rieckher, Marco A. Scheidegger, Manuela R. Martinefski, Gabriela A. Fernandez, Oleg Pak, Ksenia Kolesnikova, Hernan Reingruber, Mariela Bollini, Gerry P. Crossan, Natascha Sommer, Maria Eugenia Monge, Bjorn Schumacher, Lucas B. Pontel
Summary: Formaldehyde (FA) not only exerts cytotoxicity through DNA damage, but also triggers cellular redox imbalance by reacting with glutathione (GSH). GSH synthesis and the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase 5 (ADH5) play crucial roles in preventing FA cytotoxicity. These findings are important for patients with mutations in FA detoxification systems and suggest potential therapeutic benefits of thiol-rich antioxidants.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Tijana Martinov, Kelly M. McKenna, Wei Hong Tan, Emily J. Collins, Allie R. Kehret, Jonathan D. Linton, Tayla M. Olsen, Nour Shobaki, Anthony Rongvaux
Summary: This passage discusses the development principles and challenges of humanized mouse models, focusing on increasing mouse tolerance to human grafts and addressing functional interactions between human immunity and mouse hosts.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Luca Vincenzo Cappelli, Manja Meggendorfer, Constance Baer, Niroshan Nadarajah, Stephan Hutter, Sabine Jeromin, Frank Dicker, Wolfgang Kern, Torsten Haferlach, Claudia Haferlach, Alexander Hoellein
Summary: In AML patients, persistence or acquisition of non-DTA mutations during complete molecular remission is associated with worse prognosis, while the inclusion of predictive mutations with DTA genes defines a new group. CHOP-like mutations are significantly linked to inferior outcomes and their detection at relapse is detrimental.
Editorial Material
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Michael Spencer Chapman, Jyoti Nangalia
Summary: The study demonstrates that most allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells do not acquire additional somatic mutations post-transplantation, but suggests that the antiviral drug ganciclovir may contribute to some post-transplant malignancies through somatic mutagenesis.
Article
Hematology
Mateusz Antoszewski, Nadine Fournier, Gustavo A. Ruiz Buendia, Joao Lourenco, Yuanlong Liu, Tara Sugrue, Christelle Dubey, Marianne Nkosi, Colin E. J. Pritchard, Ivo J. Huijbers, Gabriela C. Segat, Sandra Alonso-Moreno, Elisabeth Serracanta, Laura Belver, Adolfo A. Ferrando, Giovanni Ciriello, Andrew P. Weng, Ute Koch, Freddy Radtke
Summary: The high-mobility-group transcription factor Tcf1 plays an essential role in regulating chromatin accessibility and topology, allowing abnormal Notch1 signaling to convey its oncogenic function in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). The formation of a leukemia-prone epigenetic landscape, which is dependent on Tcf1, occurs at the earliest progenitor stage before cells adopt a T lymphocyte or leukemic fate.
Article
Biology
Ozgun Le Roux, Nicole L. K. Pershing, Erin Kaltenbrun, Nicole J. Newman, Jeffrey Everitt, Elisa Baldelli, Mariaelena Pierobon, Emanuel F. Petricoin, Christopher M. Counter
Summary: Different subsets of KRAS mutations are detected in different cancer types, and each mutation induces distinct transcriptional responses after activation. These responses may be a result of signaling differences caused by increased protein expression and specific mutation. These distinct responses have an impact on RAS mutational patterning in vivo, with different KRAS mutations preferentially inducing tumor initiation in a cell-specific manner.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Libby M. Morimoto, Marilyn L. Kwan, Kamala Deosaransingh, Julie R. Munneke, Alice Y. Kang, Charles Quesenberry, Scott Kogan, Adam J. de Smith, Catherine Metayer, Joseph L. Wiemels
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Qianxi Feng, Adam J. de Smith, Maria Vergara-Lluri, Ivo S. Muskens, Roberta McKean-Cowdin, Scott Kogan, Russell Brynes, Joseph L. Wiemels
Summary: The study shows that Latino individuals had the largest increase in incidence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and there is a positive association between the percentage of county residents who were foreign-born and ALL risk for non-Latino Whites and Blacks, but a reverse correlation was found for Latinos, consistent with the Hispanic paradox.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Hematology
Scott C. Kogan
Summary: The novel cooperative effects between PML/RARα and GFI1 were identified to underlie the aberrant cell fate decisions characteristic of APL.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Antoine M. Snijders, Mi Zhou, Todd P. Whitehead, Briana Fitch, Priyatama Pandey, Aaron Hechmer, Abel Huang, Suzaynn F. Schick, Adam J. de Smith, Adam B. Olshen, Catherine Metayer, Jian-Hua Mao, Joseph L. Wiemels, Scott C. Kogan
Summary: The study found that exposure to thirdhand smoke in utero and during early life significantly affects the immune system and the development of leukemia/lymphoma in mice, particularly more pronounced in male mice. Additionally, thirdhand smoke exposure may contribute to carcinogenesis by lowering the host defense to other toxic exposures.
Article
Oncology
Todd P. Whitehead, Joseph L. Wiemels, Mi Zhou, Alice Y. Kang, Lucie S. McCoy, Rong Wang, Briana Fitch, Lauren M. Petrick, Yukiko Yano, Partow Imani, Stephen M. Rappaport, Gary Dahl, Scott C. Kogan, Xiaomei Ma, Catherine Metayer
Summary: The study found that children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were born with higher levels of certain cytokines than controls, with a stronger correlation in children of Latina mothers and those with high hyperdiploidy ALL. Additionally, neonatal cytokine levels were correlated with neonatal levels of endogenous metabolites previously associated with ALL risk.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Keren Xu, Shaobo Li, Todd P. Whitehead, Priyatama Pandey, Alice Y. Kang, Libby M. Morimoto, Scott C. Kogan, Catherine Metayer, Joseph L. Wiemels, Adam J. de Smith
Summary: The study revealed an association between DNA methylation at the AHRR gene's cg05575921 site and gene deletion numbers in childhood B-ALL cases, and a positive correlation between the polyepigenetic smoking score and gene deletion frequency. These findings further support the idea that prenatal tobacco smoke exposure may influence the generation of somatic copy number deletions in childhood B-ALL.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Carolina E. Morales, Elliot Stieglitz, Scott C. Kogan, Mignon L. Loh, Benjamin S. Braun
Summary: Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML) is initiated in early childhood by somatic mutations that activate Ras signaling. Secondary SH2B3 mutations have adverse outcomes for JMML patients.
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Janice B. Schwartz, Scott C. Kogan, Margaret C. Fang
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Briana A. Fitch, Mi Zhou, Jamilla Situ, Sangeetha Surianarayanan, Melissa Q. Reeves, Michelle L. Hermiston, Joseph L. Wiemels, Scott C. Kogan
Summary: Low levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10) are associated with an increased risk of pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and have indirect effects on B lymphopoiesis and B-cell DNA damage. Antibiotics can attenuate inflammation and B-cell defects. Microbial dysbiosis may contribute to pediatric B-ALL.
Letter
Hematology
Rachel E. Gallant, Katti Arroyo, Paige M. Bracci, Shaobo Li, Catherine Metayer, Scott C. Kogan, George A. Wendt, Stephen S. Francis, Adam J. de Smith, Joseph L. Wiemels
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Hematology
Joseph L. Wiemels, Rong Wang, Mi Zhou, Helen Hansen, Rachel Gallant, Junghyun Jung, Nicholas Mancuso, Adam J. de Smith, Catherine Metayer, Scott C. Kogan, Xiaomei Ma
Article
Cell Biology
Zhongxia Qi, Kwun Wah Wen, Anita Ki, Sonam Prakash, Scott Kogan, Jingwei Yu
Summary: The study revealed distinct genomic features of del(9q) in AML patients, including clustered proximal breakpoints within a segmental duplication-enriched region, significant variations in distal breakpoints, and division of the overall deleted region into a proximal constitutional region and a distal oncogenic region. Furthermore, a common overlapped deletion region in the distal part carries multiple genes involved in cancer pathogenesis.
CYTOGENETIC AND GENOME RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Yang Hu, Mimansa Geere, Maham Awan, Andrew D. Leavitt, Laura E. Brown, Hadley J. Pearson, Jocelyn S. Gandelman, Scott C. Kogan
Summary: This case report highlights the potential side effects of dapsone therapy, including the appearance of bite cells, in patients without G6PD deficiency. It emphasizes the importance of routine blood monitoring during drug therapy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julia Carnevale, Eric Shifrut, Nupura Kale, William A. Nyberg, Franziska Blaeschke, Yan Yi Chen, Zhongmei Li, Sagar P. Bapat, Morgan E. Diolaiti, Patrick O'Leary, Shane Vedova, Julia Belk, Bence Daniel, Theodore L. Roth, Stefanie Bachl, Alejandro Allo Anido, Brooke Prinzing, Jorge Ibanez-Vega, Shannon Lange, Dalia Haydar, Marie Luetke-Eversloh, Maelys Born-Bony, Bindu Hegde, Scott Kogan, Tobias Feuchtinger, Hideho Okada, Ansuman T. Satpathy, Kevin Shannon, Stephen Gottschalk, Justin Eyquem, Giedre Krenciute, Alan Ashworth, Alexander Marson
Summary: This study identifies RASA2 as a potential target gene that can enhance the efficacy of T cell therapies for cancer treatment. Ablation of RASA2 increases the activation and cytolytic activity of T cells, leading to improved cancer cell killing. Furthermore, RASA2-deficient CAR T cells have a competitive advantage in the bone marrow and extended the survival of mice in preclinical models. These findings highlight the importance of targeting RASA2 in enhancing T cell therapies for cancer treatment.
Article
Hematology
Smrithi Sukumar, Melissa Cabero, Sharon Tiu, Margaret C. Fang, Scott C. Kogan, Janice B. Schwartz
Summary: The study aimed to determine the clinical conditions under which DOAC concentration measurements are requested, and results indicated that clinicians are mainly requesting concentration measurements to evaluate drug exposure, surgical bleeding risk, and major bleeding.
RESEARCH AND PRACTICE IN THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2021)
