Article
Plant Sciences
Xiangmin Ni, Bin Wu, Shuo Li, Wenyi Zhu, Zhe Xu, Guiming Zhang, Hanqiang Cui, Qian Bai, Jian Wang
Summary: Eq, as a metabolite of soy isoflavones, has a therapeutic effect on PMOP by promoting osteoblast proliferation, inhibiting apoptosis, and upregulating the OPG/RANKL pathway.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chao Liu, Yining Li, Ren Sheng, Xiaowan Han, Li Bao, Chenyin Wang, Weizhi Wang, Xinhai Jiang, Jiangxue Han, Lijuan Lei, Ni Li, Jing Zhang, Minghua Chen, Yan Li, Yexiang Wu, Shunwang Li, Yu Ren, Yanni Xu, Shuyi Si
Summary: The study demonstrated that the N-methylpyridine-chlorofuranformamide analog 3i1 shows promise in upregulating OPG activity, inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, and promoting osteoblast differentiation, potentially serving as a new therapeutic agent for osteoporosis.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nobuyuki Udagawa, Masanori Koide, Midori Nakamura, Yuko Nakamichi, Teruhito Yamashita, Shunsuke Uehara, Yasuhiro Kobayashi, Yuriko Furuya, Hisataka Yasuda, Chie Fukuda, Eisuke Tsuda
Summary: Osteoclasts and osteoblasts play essential roles in bone remodeling, with the regulation of RANKL and OPG expression being a key mechanism. The balance between these factors is crucial for maintaining bone density and preventing bone loss.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hyo Shik Shin, Hyun Jin Sun, Young Mi Whang, Young Joo Park, Do Joon Park, Sun Wook Cho
Summary: Metformin significantly reduced the viabilities of thyroid cancer cells and delayed tumor growth in bone metastasis. In the microenvironment of bone metastasis, metformin inhibited cancer cell growth, blocked cancer cell-induced osteoblastic RANKL production, which further activated osteoclastogenesis, and directly reduced osteoclast differentiation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lin-Jun Sun, Chong Li, Xiang-hao Wen, Lu Guo, Zi-fen Guo, Lan-qing Liao, Yu Guo
Summary: The study demonstrated that Icariin can promote cell proliferation and differentiation in hFOB1.19 human osteoblast cells, and regulate bone formation by upregulating the OPG/RANKL expression ratio.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Jiah Yeom, Seongho Ma, Young-Hee Lim
Summary: The study found that Propionibacterium freudenreichii MJ2 isolated from raw milk can enhance osteoblast differentiation and mineralization through the OPG/RANKL signaling pathway. The surface proteins of MJ2 may be the effective component in promoting osteoblast differentiation and mineralization.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juliane Salbach-Hirsch, Martina Rauner, Christine Hofbauer, Lorenz C. Hofbauer
Summary: This article discusses the impact of glycosaminoglycans on the bone microenvironment, particularly their interactions with mediators of different signaling pathways that affect the activity of bone remodeling cells. Glycosaminoglycans play a crucial role in maintaining bone tissue integrity and balance.
BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tommy W. Sutor, Jayachandra Kura, Alex J. Mattingly, Dana M. Otzel, Joshua F. Yarrow
Summary: Spinal cord injury causes paralysis and osteoporosis, increasing fracture risk. Physical rehabilitation regimens for patients with severe SCI have limited evidence in influencing bone metabolism or increasing bone mineral density.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biology
Lisha Li, Jing Zhou, Yingping Xu, Zengshu Huang, Na Zhang, Xuemin Qiu, Ling Wang
Summary: Inflammatory factors affect osteoblast and osteoclast activity in osteoporosis, and estrogen plays a role in bone metabolism through CCR6 signaling pathways. The study showed that CCR6 deletion reduced osteoblast activity and mineralization, while also influencing the expression of Osterix and RANKL, potentially regulating bone metabolism.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Denise A. Carbonaro-Sarracino, Krista Chun, Danielle N. Clark, Michael L. Kaufman, Xiangyang Jin, Xiaoyan Wang, Donald B. Kohn
Summary: The study showed that recombinant AAV treatment combined with enzyme replacement therapy significantly improved survival and immune function in ADA-deficient mice. Additionally, the bimodal approach may be an alternative for patients without reliable access to ERT before receiving a stem cell transplant or gene therapy.
MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kamarulzaman Karim, Nelli Giribabu, Naguib Salleh
Summary: The study showed that M. pumilum has a protective effect on bone in the presence of both estrogen deficiency and diabetes mellitus, potentially aiding in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with diabetes.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Teresa Arcidiacono, Giulia Magni, Lorenza Macrina, Marcella Sirtori, Cristina Belloni, Simone Premaschi, Chiara Lanzani, Marco Simonini, Lorena Citterio, Massimo Locatelli, Alessandro Rubinacci, Giuseppe Vezzoli
Summary: The study revealed that serum irisin levels were significantly lower in patients with chronic kidney disease compared to healthy subjects, and that serum irisin was associated with cardiovascular outcomes in these patients. Patients with higher serum irisin levels had a lower cardiovascular risk.
JOURNAL OF RENAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Maria Carmina Castiello, Chiara Brandas, Valentina Capo, Anna Villa
Summary: Increased IgE levels and eosinophilia are commonly observed in Omenn syndrome, which is caused by decreased V(D)J recombination and leads to restricted T and B cell receptor repertoire. RAG proteins play a crucial role in initiating V(D)J recombination, and their absence results in a block in lymphocyte differentiation, leading to T-B severe combined immunodeficiency. Hypomorphic mutations of RAG genes can generate a limited number of T and B cells, resulting in various immunological phenotypes, including immunodeficiency, inflammation, immune dysregulation, and autoimmunity. This study highlights the importance of RAG genes in lymphocyte differentiation and the maintenance of immune tolerance.
CURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Silvia Galbiati, Daniela Gabellini, Alessandro Ambrosi, Nadia Soriani, Federica Pasi, Massimo Locatelli, Roberta Luciano, Massimo Candiani, Luca Valsecchi, Gianpaolo Zerbini, Maddalena Smid
Summary: Preeclampsia is a severe complication of pregnancy, and finding predictive biomarkers is crucial for prevention. This study compared the diagnostic accuracy of carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) and sFlt1/PlGF ratio as biomarkers for predicting preeclampsia. CAIX levels significantly increased before the onset of preeclampsia, and it performed better than sFlt1/PlGF ratio in predicting the disease. CAIX could be an effective predictive biomarker for preeclampsia, but further studies are needed to confirm this finding.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Laura Cristina Gironi, Elia Esposto, Francesca Zottarelli, Roberto Giorgione, Pamela Farinelli, Elisa Zavattaro, Edoardo Cammarata, Nunzia Di Cristo, Paola Ogliara, Lara Camillo, Mara Giordano, Simona Mellone, Barbara Pasini, Alessandro Ambrosi, Paola Savoia
Summary: We investigated the correlation between the occurrence of cutaneous melanoma and noncutaneous tumors in CDKN2A mutation carriers and wild-type melanoma patients. The study found that mutation carriers had a significantly higher number of cutaneous melanoma cases compared to the wild-type patients. Additionally, both groups had a similar rate of diagnosis for malignant NCTs. The onset of cutaneous melanoma generally preceded the occurrence of NCTs, emphasizing the importance of comprehensive surveillance for melanoma patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Pietro Panni, Lucia Riccio, Roberta Cao, Alessandro Pedicelli, Enrico Marchese, Anselmo Caricato, Alberto Feletti, Mattia Testa, Paolo Zanatta, Nicola Gitti, Simone Piva, Dikran Mardighian, Vittorio Semeraro, Giordano Nardin, Emilio Lozupone, Giafranco Paiano, Edoardo Picetti, Vito Montanaro, Massimo Petranca, Carlo Bortolotti, Antonino Scibilia, Luigi Cirillo, Andrea Luigi Lanterna, Alessandro Ambrosi, Pietro Mortini, Luigi Beretta, Andrea Falini
Summary: This study aimed to investigate predictors and clinical impact of rebleeding in poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). The study found that ultra-early vasospasm (UEV) and presence of dissecting aneurysm were the strongest predictors of aneurysmal rebleeding, while a history of hypertension reduced the chances of rebleeding. Additionally, rebleeding emerged as an independent predictor of intrahospital mortality.
Article
Cell Biology
Annamaria Aprile, Laura Raggi, Simona Bolamperti, Isabella Villa, Mariangela Storto, Gaia Morello, Sarah Marktel, Claudio Tripodo, Maria Domenica Cappellini, Irene Motta, Alessandro Rubinacci, Giuliana Ferrari
Summary: This study demonstrates the overproduction of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in patients and mice with beta-thalassemia, and shows that inhibition of FGF23 signaling is a safe and effective therapeutic strategy to rescue bone defects and restore hematopoietic stem cell function. FGF23 may serve as a molecular link connecting anemia, bone, and the HSC niche.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Maria Carmina Castiello, Samuele Ferrari, Anna Villa
Summary: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an effective treatment for inborn errors of immunity, but autologous hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell therapy based on gene addition has demonstrated to be an innovative and safe therapeutic strategy. The recent advent of targeted gene editing offers a cure to inherited immune defects not approachable by conventional gene addition. This review analyzes the current state-of-the-art of conventional gene therapy and innovative protocols of genome editing in primary immunodeficiencies, highlighting potential advantages and limits of gene correction.
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alice Bergamini, Giorgia Mangili, Alessandro Ambrosi, Gianluca Taccagni, Emanuela Rabaiotti, Luca Bocciolone, Giorgio Candotti, Raffaella Cioffi, Francesca Pella, Giulia Sabetta, Costanza Saponaro, Massimo Candiani
Summary: The study compares data from patients with endometrioid and clear cell ovarian tumors associated with endometriosis to investigate the hypothesis of a dichotomy in their histogenesis. It found that the occurrence of endometriosis is more frequent in patients with clear cell ovarian cancer. The EAOEC group showed higher bilateral occurrences and a higher solid/cystic rate at gross pathology. ECC patients had a more advanced disease stage and a synchronous endometrial carcinoma was found in 38% of EAEOC patients.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cinzia Giacometti, Kathrin Ludwig, Monica Guidi, Elvira Colantuono, Anna Coracina, Marcello Rigano, Mauro Cassaro, Alessandro Ambrosi
Summary: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can affect placental villous maturation and vascularity. The expression of hENT1 and the formation of vasculo-syncytial membranes (VSM) are reduced in GDM placentas, while the proliferative pattern of trophoblasts is increased.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marzia Ferretti, Francesco Cavani, Vincenza Rita Lo Vasco, Marta Checchi, Serena Truocchio, Pierpaola Davalli, Chiara Frassineti, Federica Rizzi, Carla Palumbo
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a Mg-deficient diet on the bone of 8-weeks-old C57BL/6J male mice using a histological approach. The results showed that mice receiving the Mg-deficient diet had reduced body weight gain and serum Mg concentration, while the expression of kidney magnesiotropic genes tended to increase, indicating an adaptive response to Mg depletion. However, there were no significant differences in bone density and growth plate thickness, which partially differed from previous studies and might be attributed to experimental protocol differences or genetic factors.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Claudia Godi, Francesco Destro, Paolo Garofalo, Enrico Tombetti, Alessandro Ambrosi, Antonella Iadanza, Caterina Michelozzi, Andrea Falini, Nicoletta Anzalone
Summary: Vessel wall imaging (VWI) with black-blood (BB) technique can reveal aneurysmal enhancement prior to growth/rupture in treatment-naive cerebral aneurysms. Recent studies suggest that BB enhancement may also occur in endovascularly treated aneurysms, but its significance is debatable. This study explores the relationship between BB enhancement and incomplete occlusion status and coil packing density, hypothesizing a flow-related mechanism.
Article
Cell Biology
Annamaria Aprile, Laura Raggi, Simona Bolamperti, Isabella Villa, Mariangela Storto, Gaia Morello, Sarah Marktel, Claudio Tripodo, Maria Domenica Cappellini, Irene Motta, Alessandro Rubinacci, Giuliana Ferrari
Summary: Clinical evidence suggests a relationship between blood and bone, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. A study using beta-thalassemia as a model found that increased fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels in patients and mice with beta-thalassemia were induced by erythropoietin via ERK1/2 and STAT5 pathways. Inhibiting FGF23 signaling with carboxyl-terminal FGF23 peptide rescued bone defects and restored hematopoietic stem cell function in mice with beta-thalassemia. FGF23 may serve as a molecular link connecting anemia, bone, and the hematopoietic stem cell niche.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Alessandra Pisciottani, Laura Croci, Fabio Lauria, Chiara Marullo, Elisa Savino, Alessandro Ambrosi, Paola Podini, Marta Marchioretto, Filippo Casoni, Ottavio Cremona, Stefano Taverna, Angelo Quattrini, Jean-Michel Cioni, Gabriella Viero, Franca Codazzi, G. Giacomo Consalez
Summary: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a lethal neurodegenerative disease primarily affecting individuals between 50-60 years old. The presence of TDP-43 proteinopathy, characterized by cytoplasmic aggregates formed by TDP-43 protein, disrupts mRNA transport and localization. This study generated and analyzed cellular models of TDP-43 proteinopathy, showing that neurons expressing TDP-43 fusion proteins have impaired axonal protein synthesis, increased oxidative stress, and defects in presynaptic function and electrical activity. These changes are correlated with deregulation of axonal mRNA levels involved in the same processes.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giovanna Laura Di Domenico, Margherita Minoli, Nicola Discepoli, Alessandro Ambrosi, Massimo de Sanctis
Summary: This study aimed to assess the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes and periodontitis. The findings showed that non-surgical periodontal therapy was effective in improving glycemic control in these patients.
ACTA DIABETOLOGICA
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Francesco Giganti, Alexander P. Cole, Fiona M. Fennessy, Timothy Clinton, Pedro Lopes Da Frota Moreira, Mariana Costa Bernardes, Carl-Fredrik Westin, Deepa Krishnaswamy, Andriy Fedorov, Daniel A. Wollin, Bjoern Langbein, Nicola Frego, Muhieddine Labban, Joy S. Badaoui, Steven L. Chang, Logan G. Briggs, Junichi Tokuda, Alessandro Ambrosi, Alex Kirkham, Mark Emberton, Veeru Kasivisvanathan, Caroline M. Moore, Clare Allen, Clare M. Tempany
Summary: This study assessed the impact of a prostate MRI quality training lecture on the participants' ability to apply the PI-QUAL scoring system. The results showed that the teaching course significantly improved the participants' ability to evaluate the quality of prostate MRI examinations using the PI-QUAL score.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)