Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
David A. McBride, Nicholas C. Dorn, Mina Yao, Wade T. Johnson, Wei Wang, Nunzio Bottini, Nisarg J. Shah
Summary: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolic products of indigestible polysaccharides in the gut and can modulate T cell differentiation. Butyrate, but not pentanoate, concentration-dependently suppresses the differentiation of inflammatory T helper (Th) cells (Th17) and promotes the differentiation of regulatory T cells (T-reg). Encapsulation of butyrate in liposomal carrier, called BLIPs, can effectively deliver butyrate to T cells, reducing cytotoxicity and maintaining the immunomodulatory effect.
DRUG DELIVERY AND TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Panayiota L. Papasavva, Nikoletta Y. Papaioannou, Petros Patsali, Ryo Kurita, Yukio Nakamura, Maria Sitarou, Soteroulla Christou, Marina Kleanthous, Carsten W. Lederer
Summary: miRNAs play crucial roles in regulating erythropoiesis, with differential expression linked to erythroid differentiation, cell type, and hemoglobin expression profiles. This study identified shared differentiation signatures in primary and immortalized cells, as well as informative discrepancies between different cell types based on miRNA expression. Furthermore, the study highlighted the intricate combinatorial miRNA regulation of globin expression in erythroid cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Kishor Pant, Seth Richard, Sergio A. Gradilone
Summary: This study found that butyrate can inhibit cell proliferation and migration in cholangiocarcinoma cells, and enhance the anti-cancer effects of HDAC6 inhibitors by increasing cilia formation and reducing the expression of related proteins.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Tomasz M. Grzywa, Magdalena Justyniarska, Dominika Nowis, Jakub Golab
Summary: Tumor immune evasion is crucial for tumor progression, with EPCs identified as key regulators of the immune response in cancer. They suppress immune response and promote tumor growth, making targeting dysregulated EPC differentiation a promising therapeutic strategy.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tomasz M. Grzywa, Dominika Nowis, Jakub Golab
Summary: CECs play diverse roles in immune response, from affecting vulnerability to infectious diseases in neonates, regulating feto-matemal tolerance in pregnant women, to influencing immune response in patients with cancer. Their mechanisms include suppressing proinflammatory responses, decreasing T-cell proliferation and promoting T-cell differentiation into regulatory T-cells.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Courtney Mowat, Jasmine Dhatt, Ilsa Bhatti, Angela Hamie, Kristi Baker
Summary: Colorectal cancer (CRC) growth can be influenced by the metabolic activities of intestinal microbiota, specifically short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). This study investigates how SCFA treatment directly regulates immune modulating pathways in CRC cells and found that SCFAs can significantly activate CD8+ T cells. The response to SCFAs was subtype-dependent, with MSI CRCs being more sensitive and showing better activation of CD8+ T cells compared to CIN CRCs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hikaru Kanemasa, Masataka Ishimura, Katsuhide Eguchi, Tamami Tanaka, Etsuro Nanishi, Akira Shiraishi, Motohiro Goto, Yoshitomo Motomura, Shouichi Ohga
Summary: CECs in SoJIA patients exhibit upregulated erythropoiesis-related genes and represent the largest expansion among other inflammatory diseases. Their levels correlate with inflammatory markers, and they may control excessive inflammation via immunoregulatory pathways involving arginase-2.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Peng Yu, Menghan Wu, Wanyin Bao, Hui Wang
Summary: In this study, three different inoculants (active sludge, pit mud and mixture of sludge and pit mud) were used to produce medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) from food waste with ethanol as electron donor. The results showed that the mixed inoculum of sludge and pit mud produced the highest MCFA concentration. Microbial community analysis revealed the key genera involved in MCFA production. Metagenomic analysis identified the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway as the main pathway for MCFA synthesis. Overall, this study provides new strategies and insights for MCFA production.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Timothy J. Satchwell
Summary: This review discusses the methodologies of generating red blood cells susceptible to malaria parasite invasion through in vitro erythroid differentiation of stem cells, and explores the potential of in vitro derived red blood cells for malaria research.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Andrew N. Carley, Santosh K. Maurya, Matthew Fasano, Yang Wang, Craig H. Selzman, Stavros G. Drakos, E. Douglas Lewandowski
Summary: The study revealed that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are oxidized more readily than ketones in failing hearts, serving as a potential unexplored carbon source for energy production. Despite both SCFAs and ketones bypassing reduced CPT1 activity, SCFAs show higher oxidation rates and may represent a promising alternative energy substrate for failing hearts.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jerusa Brignardello, Sofia Fountana, Joram Matthias Posma, Edward S. Chambers, Jeremy K. Nicholson, Julien Wist, Gary Frost, Isabel Garcia-Perez, Elaine Holmes
Summary: This study investigated the temporal changes in SCFA concentrations in response to two contrasting diets using a novel GC-MS method. The results showed that the unhealthy diet was associated with lower concentrations of certain SCFAs and higher concentrations of lactic acid. The study highlighted the importance of standardizing the timing of SCFA measurements in dietary studies.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yoonhwa Shin, Sunhee Han, Juhui Kwon, Songhyun Ju, Tae Gyu Choi, Insug Kang, Sung Soo Kim
Summary: The gut microbiome and its product, short-chain fatty acids, play crucial roles in human health and are closely associated with metabolic disorders and inflammation-related diseases. Studying the impact of gut microbiota and its metabolites on inflammatory bowel disease is of great importance.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Muthu Thiruvengadam, Umadevi Subramanian, Baskar Venkidasamy, Prabhu Thirupathi, Ramkumar Samynathan, Mohammad Ali Shariati, Maksim Rebezov, Ill-Min Chung, Kannan R. R. Rengasamy
Summary: Understanding the gut microbiota has become crucial in maintaining human body's homeostasis and preventing disease development. Short-chain fatty acids, produced by gut microbiota fermentation of dietary fiber, play a significant role in modulating the tumor environment and binding to carcinogens for elimination. The gut microbiota may offer new approaches for cancer therapy in the future.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Jiangang Guo, Inka Terhorst, Paul Stammer, Abdulhakim Ibrahim, Alexander Oberhuber, Thorsten Eierhoff
Summary: This study investigated the phosphorylation of vascular endothelial cadherin (VEC) induced by short-chain fatty acid butyrate (BUT) and the signaling pathway involved. BUT specifically phosphorylated VEC at the Y731 site and engaged FFAR3, FFAR2, and c-Src kinase in the phosphorylation process. The phosphorylation of VEC was associated with increased endothelial permeability and structural changes in junctional VEC, providing insights into the pathophysiology and therapy of vascular diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Maria Chiara G. Monaco, Dragan Maric, Ombretta Salvucci, Cristina Antonetti Lamorgese Passeri, Patrizia Accorsi, Eugene O. Major, Anna Concetta Berardi
Summary: The study identifies erythro-myeloid progenitors (EMP) as a source of endothelial cells, with two sub-populations of EMP cells from peripheral blood capable of differentiation into erythroid lineage cells. The in vitro culture model established in this study provides a platform for further research on human hematopoiesis and erythroid differentiation mechanisms.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Ivan Krivega, Ann Dean
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2017)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivan Krivega, Ann Dean
NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivan Krivega, Ann Dean
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2017)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivan Krivega, Ann Dean
NATURE STRUCTURAL & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Cell Biology
Jongjoo Lee, Ivan Krivega, Ryan K. Dale, Ann Dean
Article
Hematology
Maria Soledad Ivaldi, Luis Francisco Diaz, Lyubomira Chakalova, Jongjoo Lee, Ivan Krivega, Ann Dean
Editorial Material
Hematology
Ann Dean
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guoyou Liu, Ann Dean
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hongyang Wang, Juhyun Kim, Zhizhi Wang, Xiao-Xue Yan, Ann Dean, Wenqing Xu
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiang Guo, Jennifer Plank-Bazinet, Ivan Krivega, Ryan K. Dale, Ann Dean
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2020)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juhyun Kim, Ann Dean
Summary: The study by Lan et al. shows that ZNF410 uniquely regulates the NuRD component CHD4 to repress gamma-globin transcription in erythroid cells, establishing a novel fetal hemoglobin regulatory mechanism.
Review
Cell Biology
Ann Dean, Daniel R. Larson, Vittorio Sartorelli
Summary: The virtual meeting sponsored by NCI, NIAMS, and NIDDK at NIH focused on how transcriptional enhancers function within the framework of the folded genome. The discussions emphasized the interaction between levels of organization and their contribution to the spatiotemporal specification of transcription, addressing unresolved questions about enhancer function that are crucial for future research in the field.
GENES & DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juhyun Kim, Ann Dean
Summary: The activity and selectivity of transcriptional enhancers play a crucial role in determining gene expression patterns that lead a zygote to develop into a complex organism. Recent advancements in technology have provided valuable insights into enhancer-promoter interactions and overall nuclear genome organization.
CURRENT OPINION IN STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Xiang Guo, Yangu Zhao, Juhyun Kim, Ann Dean
Summary: Hemogen is a gene that plays a positive role in the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells, specifically in erythropoiesis. It interacts with BRG1 to regulate chromatin accessibility and gene activity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guoyou Liu, Lei Wang, Jurgen Wess, Ann Dean
Summary: LDB1 is an enhancer looping factor that regulates liver gene expression by cooperating with hepatic transcription factors. It is linked to liver metabolic functions under normal and obesogenic conditions.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2022)