Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
George Hindy, Daniel J. Tyrrell, Alexi Vasbinder, Changli Wei, Feriel Presswalla, Hui Wang, Pennelope K. Blakely, Ayse Bilge Ozel, Sarah E. Graham, Grace H. Holton, Joseph Dowsett, Akl C. Fahed, Kingsley-Michael Amadi, Grace K. Erne, Annika Tekumulla, Anis Ismail, Christopher Launius, Nona Sotoodehnia, James S. Pankow, Lise Wegner Thorner, Christian Erikstrup, Ole Birger Pedersen, Karina Banasik, Soren Brunak, Henrik Ullum, Jesper Eugen-Olsen, Sisse Rye Ostrowski, Mary E. Haas, Jonas B. Nielsen, Luca A. Lotta, Gunnar Engstrom, Olle Melander, Marju Orho-Melander, Lili Zhao, Venkatesh L. Murthy, David J. Pinsky, Cristen J. Willer, Susan R. Heckbert, Jochen Reiser, Daniel R. Goldstein, Karl C. Desch, Salim S. Hayek
Summary: The study using epidemiologic, genetic, and experimental approaches found that suPAR is a pathogenic factor for atherosclerosis, with its levels strongly associated with cardiovascular outcomes and predictive of coronary artery calcification. The missense variant rs4760 in the PLAUR gene leads to higher suPAR levels, and Mendelian randomization analysis confirms a causal relationship between genetically predicted suPAR levels and atherosclerotic phenotypes. In experimental models, increased suPAR levels modulate monocyte function to promote atherosclerosis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Review
Biology
Xinxin Chi, Miaozhen Huang, Hailin Tu, Bin Zhang, Xin Lin, Huji Xu, Chen Dong, Xiaoyu Hu
Summary: Except for a few cases caused by single gene mutations, the majority of autoimmune diseases are influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. Despite progress in understanding certain effector cells and molecules associated with inflammation and tissue damage, the exact cause of common autoimmune disorders remains unknown. Population genetics approaches have contributed greatly to our knowledge of genetic susceptibility to autoimmunity, allowing for a comprehensive re-examination of genes and pathways. This review aims to discuss the etiology and pathogenesis of common autoimmune disorders from a human genetics perspective, covering innate immunity, adaptive immunity, and inflammatory cell death processes. By exploring new molecules and pathways, we hope to broaden our understanding of autoimmunity beyond the current limited therapeutic targets.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Haibo Sun, Thomas G. Martin, John Marra, Denice Kong, Jonathon Keats, Sandrine Mace, Marielle Chiron, Jeffrey L. Wolf, Jeffrey M. Venstrom, Raja Rajalingam
Summary: The study revealed that specific genetic makeup of patients can influence their response to Isa-lenalidomide-dexamethasone therapy, with patients carrying KIR3DL2 and HLA-A3/11 plus high-affinity FCGR3A-158V allele showing improved progression-free survival. Conversely, patients with KIR2DL1 and HLA-C2C2 combination may have a lower response to this treatment.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Review
Reproductive Biology
Kelly J. Baines, Rachel C. West
Summary: Fetal sex influences the immune response of the fetal, placental, and maternal during pregnancy. Male and female have different immune responses, with males prioritizing growth and being more susceptible to adverse outcomes. Male placentas and fetuses also respond to infection and inflammation differently than females. These gender-specific differences in the immune response contribute to increased male perinatal morbidity and mortality. This review explores the genetic and hormonal contributions to the sexual dimorphism of fetal and placental immunity, as well as the impact on fetal and maternal health.
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Svetlana V. Guryanova, Rahim M. Khaitov
Summary: The spread of infectious diseases is a serious threat, and the issue of antibiotic resistance is a global health concern, requiring the development of new methods to combat infections. The combination of innate immunity activators with chemotherapy drugs is a new strategy that can activate the immune response.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Liping Shen, Weiwei Wang, Weiwei Hou, Chenfei Jiang, Yi Yuan, Liqing Hu, Anquan Shang
Summary: The human microbiota has an impact on physiology, disease, and metabolic reproduction. The origin of uterine bacteria is disputed, but it is believed that they enter the uterus from the vagina through various channels. Understanding the microbiota in different anatomical sites is crucial for female reproductive health and pregnancy. This study focuses on the role of uterine bacteria in pregnancy and embryo implantation, indicating that the uterine microbiome influences these processes.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Marcelo Farias-Jofre, Roberto Romero, Yi Xu, Dustyn Levenson, Li Tao, Tomi Kanninen, Jose Galaz, Marcia Arenas-Hernandez, Zhenjie Liu, Derek Miller, Gaurav Bhatti, Megan Seyerle, Adi L. L. Tarca, Nardhy Gomez-Lopez
Summary: Pregnancy alters monocyte responses to viral ligands, mainly through TLR8 and membrane-bound TLR3 signaling. These differences may help explain the increased susceptibility of pregnant women to adverse outcomes resulting from viral infections.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Xinxin Wang, Yuping Lai
Summary: In this study, the authors investigate the mechanism by which pattern recognition receptors NOD1 and NOD2 sense bacterial muropeptides to induce inflammation in keratinocytes. They demonstrate that solute carrier 46A2 (SLC46A2) transports DAP-muropeptides into the cytosol, leading to NOD1 activation and subsequent skin inflammation during psoriasis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yann Aquino, Aurelie Bisiaux, Zhi Li, Mary O'Neill, Javier Mendoza-Revilla, Sarah Helene Merkling, Gaspard Kerner, Milena Hasan, Valentina Libri, Vincent Bondet, Nikaia Smith, Camille de Cevins, Mickael Menager, Francesca Luca, Roger Pique-Regi, Giovanna Barba-Spaeth, Stefano Pietropaoli, Olivier Schwartz, Geert Leroux-Roels, Cheuk-Kwong Lee, Kathy Leung, Joseph T. Wu, Malik Peiris, Roberto Bruzzone, Laurent Abel, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Sophie A. Valkenburg, Darragh Duffy, Etienne Patin, Maxime Rotival, Lluis Quintana-Murci
Summary: Humans exhibit significant individual clinical variability after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the genetic and immunological basis for this variability is being studied. In this study, researchers analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing data from 222 healthy donors with diverse ancestries, who were exposed to SARS-CoV-2 or influenza A virus. They found that SARS-CoV-2 induces weaker but more heterogeneous immune responses compared to influenza A virus, and identified population differences in transcriptional responses to viruses driven by changes in cell composition. The study also highlights the impact of genetic variants on immune responses and the role of natural selection in population differences. Furthermore, they uncover the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which Neanderthal introgression has influenced immune functions. Additionally, the researchers reveal an overlap between the genetic basis of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 severity, shedding light on the factors contributing to disparities in COVID-19 risk.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hamatandi Magloire Natama, Eduard Rovira-Vallbona, Meryam Krit, Pieter Guetens, Hermann Sorgho, M. Athanase Some, Maminata Traore-Coulibaly, Innocent Valea, Petra F. Mens, Henk D. F. H. Schallig, Dirk Berkvens, Luc Kestens, Halidou Tinto, Anna Rosanas-Urgell
Summary: Genetic polymorphisms in genes involved in innate immune responses are associated with malaria susceptibility in infants, potentially by modulating the production of inflammatory mediators.
Article
Oncology
Wenyong Huang, Dongmei Ye, Wenjing He, Xiaoshun He, Xiaomin Shi, Yifang Gao
Summary: The study found that MAIT cells in patients with HCC had lower levels in both peripheral blood and liver compared to healthy controls, with reduced IFN-γ production. While peripheral MAIT cells showed upregulation of HLA-DR and PD-1, intrasinusoidal MAIT cells did not exhibit significant differences. Additionally, MAIT cells were significantly enriched in the livers of HCC patients, showing high levels of activation and exhaustion markers.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Biology
Adedeji M. Aderounmu, P. Joseph Aruscavage, Bryan Kolaczkowski, Brenda L. Bass, Volker Doetsch
Summary: Antiviral defense in ecdysozoan invertebrates requires Dicer with ATP hydrolysis capability. Human Dicer lacks this ability, suggesting a muted role in antiviral defense. Through ancestral protein reconstruction, it was found that ancient Dicer had ATPase function stimulated by dsRNA. Further analysis showed that dsRNA increased ATP affinity, leading to ATPase activity. Vertebrate Dicer lost ATPase function due to loss of ATP affinity, involving distant motifs important for coupling dsRNA binding to the active conformation.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Chao Ma, Qiaowei Li, Xianjun Dai
Summary: The study indicates that carrageenan oligosaccharide (CAO) can extend the lifespan of male Drosophila by improving antioxidant activity, immunity, and regulating intestinal microflora.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL FOOD
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Yiran Zhao, Yajie Zhu, Xi Chen, Hui Lin, Ningxin Qin, Zhiyang Zhou, Han Liu, Yanhui Hao, Chengliang Zhou, Xinmei Liu, Li Jin, Jianzhong Sheng, Hefeng Huang
Summary: The investigation of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) has revealed their significance in successful pregnancy. This study showed that the proportion and distribution of circulating ILC subsets in peripheral blood changed dynamically during pregnancy. Late-pregnant women displayed a significantly higher proportion of circulating ILCs, mainly ILC2s, while ILC3s were decreased. Plasma progesterone and estradiol levels increased as pregnancy proceeded and were consistent with the expression of their receptors in ILC2s.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Magali S. J. Dupont, Vincent Guillemot, Pascal Campagne, Nicolas Serafini, Solenne Marie, Xavier Montagutelli, James P. Di Santo, Christian A. J. Vosshenrich
Summary: The study demonstrates the diversity of NK cells in the Collaborative Cross and the identification of nine genomic loci driving phenotypic variations, showing the potential of CC as a resource to study NK cell diversity and its regulation by host genetics.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Corina Schoen, Joaquin Santolaya-Forgas, Mehmet Genc, Elena Ashkinadze
JOURNAL OF PERINATAL MEDICINE
(2015)
Meeting Abstract
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Catherine Ford, Mehmet Genc
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2011)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Mehmet R. Genc, Catherine E. Ford
CURRENT OPINION IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
(2010)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Nicole M. Jones, Claudia Holzman, Yan Tian, Steven S. Witkin, Mehmet Genc, Karen Friderici, Rachel Fisher, Devrim Sezen, Oksana Babula, Katherine A. Jernigan, Hwan Chung, Julia Wirth
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2012)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Catherine Ford, Mehmet R. Genc
JOURNAL OF PERINATAL MEDICINE
(2012)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Elif E. Gultekin-Elbir, Catherine Ford, Mehmet R. Genc
JOURNAL OF PERINATAL MEDICINE
(2019)
Editorial Material
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Elif E. Gultekin-Elbir, Mehmet R. Genc
JOURNAL OF PERINATAL MEDICINE
(2019)
Article
Pathology
Tiffany Renee Miller, Ashlie Elizabeth Rubrecht, Jaya Ruth Asirvatham, Mehmet R. Genc, Archana Shenoy
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Marcella Rodriguez, Erica L. Smith, Lauren M. Silva, Elif Esra Gultekin-Elbir, Ryan Tetla, Mehmet Rifat Genc
Summary: The fetal fraction of cell-free fetal DNA measured in maternal serum during non-invasive prenatal screening is not predictive of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) with or without placenta previa (PP), nor does it correlate with the depth of trophoblastic invasion.
JOURNAL OF PERINATAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Elif E. Gultekin Elbir, Mehmet R. Genc
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2019)
Meeting Abstract
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Joaquin Santolaya-Forgas, Kendra R. Sylvester, Robert S. Egerman, Mehmet Genc, Anthony R. Gregg
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2018)
Meeting Abstract
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Mehmet R. Genc, Catherine Ford, Joaquin Santolaya
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2018)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Jolyn Taylor, Gail J. Roboz, Rebecca N. Baergen, Mehmet R. Genc
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2013)
Meeting Abstract
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Catherine E. Ford, Mehmet R. Genc
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2012)