Review
Behavioral Sciences
Thomas van Neerven, Dienke J. Bos, Neeltje E. M. van Haren
Summary: Deficiencies in Theory of Mind (ToM) are commonly found in individuals with schizophrenia (SZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), and bipolar disorder (BD), with severity increasing along the affective-psychotic spectrum. ToM deficits appear to be part of a broader developmental phenotype associated with SZ and BD.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fei Xie, LinLin Zhou, Qiang Hu, LingYun Zeng, YanYan Wei, XiaoChen Tang, YuQing Gao, YeGang Hu, LiHua Xu, Tao Chen, HaiChun Liu, JiJun Wang, Zheng Lu, YingYao Chen, TianHong Zhang
Summary: This study found that cardiac autonomic function can be used to differentiate between unipolar depression, bipolar depression, and bipolar mania patients. Patients with bipolar depression had a greater extent of cardiac imbalance compared to those with unipolar depression. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for cardiac variables can be used for the diagnosis of different mental disorders.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Georgia F. Caruana, Sean P. Carruthers, Michael Berk, Susan L. Rossell, Tamsyn E. Van Rheenen
Summary: Cognitive impairment is related to both white matter macrostructure and microstructure in bipolar disorder patients. However, there is inconsistency in the results of the studies examining this relationship. Some studies have found an association between higher fractional anisotropy in white matter and better complex attention skills and executive functioning in bipolar disorder patients, while others have found no associations. Further research with increased statistical power and standardized methods is needed.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Francesco Bartoli, Christian Nasti, Dario Palpella, Susanna Piacenti, Maria Elisa Di Lella, Stefano Mauro, Luca Prestifilippo, Cristina Crocamo, Giuseppe Carra
Summary: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 21 studies found that compared to bipolar disorder, unipolar mania is positively or negatively associated with factors such as male gender, age at onset, number of hospitalizations, family history, suicide attempts, comorbid anxiety disorders, and psychotic features. The evidence quality varied, but this study supports the idea that unipolar mania may represent a distinct diagnostic construct with specific clinical correlates. Further research is needed to better differentiate unipolar mania and improve personalized care approaches.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yang Yang, Qian Cui, Fengmei Lu, Yajing Pang, Yuyan Chen, Qin Tang, Di Li, Ting Lei, Zongling He, Shan Hu, Jiaxin Deng, Huafu Chen
Summary: The study revealed abnormal functional connectivity patterns of DMN subsystems in patients with bipolar disorder during major depressive episodes, and these abnormalities were associated with high levels of pessimism, highlighting the importance of pathological mechanisms in this disorder.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Todeva-Radneva, Sevdalina Kandilarova, Rositsa Paunova, Drozdstoy Stoyanov, Tina Zdravkova, Ronald Sladky
Summary: This study aimed to explore possible differences in whole-brain functional connectivity in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and healthy controls (HC). The results showed increased connectivity in certain brain regions in the BD group compared to the HC group, while the MDD group showed enhanced connectivity in different regions. These findings suggest that these connectivity patterns may serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for MDD and BD.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Chiao-Erh Chang, Jui Wang, Yi-Ting Lin, Chih-Chiang Chiu, Ming-Hsien Hsieh, Ming-Chyi Huang, Mong-Liang Lu, Hsi-Chung Chen, Wei J. Chen, Po-Hsiu Kuo
Summary: This study compared the clinical features, psychosocial characteristics, and comorbidity patterns between the unipolar mania (UM) and depressive-manic (D-M) subgroups. The results showed that compared to the D-M group, the UM group had more psychotic symptoms, a higher proportion of morningness chronotype, better sleep quality, higher extraversion, lower neuroticism, and less harm avoidance personality traits. Additionally, different lifetime comorbidity patterns were observed between the two groups.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
John J. Soderholm, J. Lumikukka Socada, Tom Rosenstrom, Jesper Ekelund, Erkki Isometsa
Summary: The course of illness differs between MDD, BD, and BPD patients. Bipolar depressive patients have an alternating course and the shortest time to first remission. The severity of BPD may predict the duration of remission from depression.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Catarina Rodrigues Cordeiro, Beatriz Romao Corte-Real, Rodrigo Saraiva, Benicio N. Frey, Flavio Kapczinski, Taiane de Azevedo Cardoso
Summary: This systematic review aimed to identify triggers of acute mood episodes in bipolar disorder (BD). The review found that pharmacotherapy, particularly the use of antidepressants, was the trigger with the strongest evidence for manic/hypomanic relapse. Other identified triggers for mania included brain stimulation, energy drinks, acetyl-lcarnitine, St. John's wort, seasonal changes, hormonal changes, and viral infections. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding triggers for depressive relapses in BD, highlighting the need for further research in this area.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Rebecca E. Easter, Kelly A. Ryan, Ryne Estabrook, David F. Marshall, Melvin G. McInnis, Scott A. Langenecker
Summary: This study found that cognitive performance is largely unrelated to depressive and manic symptoms in patients with bipolar disorder. The results suggest that cognitive dysfunction is stable in BD and is not dependent on mood state. Future research could investigate how treatment affects the relationship between cognition and mood.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Ariana J. Cahn, Kamyar Keramatian, Christian Frysch, Lakshmi N. Yatham, Trisha Chakrabarty
Summary: Studies on grey matter changes in patients with bipolar I disorder following the first episode of mania show inconsistent results, with some suggesting that ACC volume decrease may be a marker for neuroprogression. However, the findings are not conclusive and larger studies are needed to better understand neuroprogression in early BD-I.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Jane E. Persons, Paul Lodder, William H. Coryell, John Nurnberger, Jess G. Fiedorowicz
Summary: This study found that manic and anxiety symptoms did not significantly contribute to suicidal ideation and behavior in individuals with bipolar disorder during a depressive state, with the main risk factor being severe depressive symptoms. The limitations of small sample size and measurement tools may have influenced these findings, suggesting future studies would benefit from larger samples and more rigorous assessments.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jess G. Fiedorowicz, Jane E. Persons, Shervin Assari, Michael J. Ostacher, Fernando S. Goes, John Nurnberger, William H. Coryell
Summary: Depressive symptoms are strongly linked to suicidal ideation and behavior, serving as important risk factors for suicide. However, manic symptoms show no clear association with suicide risk, and mixed symptoms do not convey a greater risk of suicidal ideation or behavior than depressive symptoms alone.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Qinghe Li, Fanghui Dong, Qun Gai, Kaili Che, Heng Ma, Feng Zhao, Tongpeng Chu, Ning Mao, Peiyuan Wang
Summary: Machine-learning models combined with multisequence MRI neuroimaging features significantly improve the diagnosis of major depressive disorder and accurately predict suicide risk in patients with MDD.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Guido Cereda, Paolo Enrico, Valentina Ciappolino, Giuseppe Delvecchio, Paolo Brambilla
Summary: Most studies found no significant differences in vitamin D levels between bipolar disorder patients and other psychiatric disorders, with the average values in the bipolar population being sub-threshold for deficiency. Although an association between vitamin D levels and clinical symptoms was observed, it is not a specific marker for bipolar disorder but a common characteristic shared with other psychiatric disorders. Additionally, vitamin D supplementation was linked to a reduction in depressive and manic symptoms.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael Cronquist Christensen, Roger S. McIntyre, Ioana Florea, Henrik Loft, Andrea Fagiolini
Summary: This study analyzed the efficacy and tolerability of vortioxetine in patients with major depressive disorder. The results showed that vortioxetine 20 mg/day was more effective than 10 mg/day, with similar tolerability. In flexible-dose studies, nearly half of the patients received 20 mg/day after 1 week and two-thirds received 20 mg/day as their final dosage.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Roger S. Mcintyre, Leslie Citrome, Hannah Cummings, Mark S. Todtenkopf, Laura A. Tan, Marni White, Sarah Akerman
Summary: The endogenous opioid system plays an important role in weight and metabolism regulation. Targeting this system may help mitigate antipsychotic-induced weight gain and metabolic dysregulation.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Houman Rashidian, Mehala Subramaniapillai, Caroline Park, Orly Lipsitz, Hannah Zuckerman, Bing Cao, Yena Lee, Hartej Gill, Roger Nelson Rodrigues, Joshua D. Di Vincenzo, Michelle Iacobucci, Saja Jaberi, Joshua D. Rosenblat, Roger S. McIntyre, Rodrigo B. Mansur
Summary: This study assessed changes in insulin resistance (IR) after antidepressant treatment and found that exacerbation of IR mediated non-response to treatment. In contrast, responders showed a reduction in IR. These findings further elucidate the role of IR in antidepressant response.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Runhua Wang, Yuanyuan Cai, Weicong Lu, Ruoxi Zhang, Robin Shao, Suk-Yu Yau, Brendon Stubbs, Roger S. McIntyre, Kuan-Pin Su, Guiyun Xu, Liangwen Qi, Kwok-Fai So, Kangguang Lin
Summary: This 3-month randomized psychoeducation-controlled trial examined the effects of exercise on gut microbiota in young adolescents with subthreshold depression. The exercise intervention group showed an increase in the relative abundance of certain genera and species of gut bacteria compared to the psychoeducation-controlled group. These changes were associated with improvements in depressive symptoms and enrichment of defense and signal transduction mechanisms.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Shakila Meshkat, Sipan Haikazian, Joshua D. Di Vincenzo, Farhan Fancy, Danica Johnson, David Chen-Li, Roger S. McIntyre, Rodrigo Mansur, Joshua D. Rosenblat
Summary: This systematic review evaluates the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of oral ketamine, esketamine, and r-ketamine for unipolar and bipolar depression. The results indicate significant antidepressant effects and good tolerability of oral ketamine. However, the included randomized controlled trials had a high risk of bias, and further research with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods is needed to determine the antisuicidal effects and efficacy in treatment-resistant depression.
WORLD JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Roger S. McIntyre, Suresh Durgam, Susan G. Kozauer, Richard Chen, Jason Huo, Robert E. Davis, Andrew J. Cutler
Summary: A recent Phase 3 study showed that lumateperone 42 mg monotherapy effectively improved symptoms of depression in patients with bipolar depression. The study analyzed the change in MADRS scores and found significant improvements in individuals with bipolar I and bipolar II disorder.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Giacomo d'Andrea, Mauro Pettorruso, Giorgio Di Lorenzo, Gianluca Mancusi, Roger S. McIntyre, Giovanni Martinotti
Summary: Ketamine and esketamine have generated significant interest as potential therapeutic agents for Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD). This article provides a comprehensive overview of their action and highlights their effectiveness on mixed features, anxiety, dysphoric mood, and bipolar traits. The complex pharmacodynamic mechanisms of action are discussed, and further research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of esketamine nasal spray in bipolar depression and the potential role of these substances as mood stabilizers.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Danica E. Johnson, Roger S. McIntyre, Rodrigo B. Mansur, Joshua D. Rosenblat
Summary: Cognitive impairment is a significant feature of bipolar disorder, affecting recovery and quality of life. While there are currently no effective treatments for cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder, various pharmacological interventions are being explored as potential options that target the underlying pathophysiology of the disorder.
EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jingman Shi, Xue Han, Yuhua Liao, Hao Zhao, Beifang Fan, Huimin Zhang, Kayla M. Teopiz, Weidong Song, Lingjiang Li, Lan Guo, Ciyong Lu, Roger S. McIntyre
Summary: This study examined the association between stressful life events (SLEs) and subthreshold depressive symptoms (SDS) and major depressive disorder (MDD), with a focus on gender effects. The findings showed that individuals who experienced any SLEs were at a higher risk of SDS and MDD. The association between SLEs and SDS was stronger in females, while the association between SLEs and MDD was stronger in males.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mi Kyoung Seo, Sehoon Jeong, Dae-Hyun Seog, Jung An Lee, Jae-Hon Lee, Yena Lee, Roger S. McIntyre, Sung Woo Park, Jung Goo Lee
Summary: This study investigated the effects of liraglutide, a GLP-1 agonist, on a depression-like phenotype in mice exposed to chronic unpredictable stress. Liraglutide treatment reduced immobility in the forced swim test and improved cognitive function in the Morris water maze test. These results suggest that GLP-1 agonists could be potential novel antidepressants.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yanzhi Li, Lu Cheng, Lan Guo, Liwan Zhu, Hao Zhao, Caiyun Zhang, Manjun Shen, Yifeng Liu, Muhammad Youshay Jawad, Lingjiang Li, Wanxin Wang, Ciyong Lu, Roger S. McIntyre
Summary: This study explores the mediating role of personality traits in the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and depressive symptoms in older adults. The results suggest that maltreatment and household dysfunction induce depressive symptoms by increasing neuroticism, while poor parent-child bonding induces depressive symptoms by increasing neuroticism and reducing conscientiousness and extraversion.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Jiangbo Ying, Qian Hui Chew, Roger S. McIntyre, Kang Sim
Summary: Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) is difficult to treat and has a negative impact on patients' quality of life. Clozapine is effective for TRS but has side effects. This review summarizes the current genetic factors associated with TRS, clozapine resistance, and side effects. Further research is needed to identify risk genes and understand the interactions between genes and relevant clinical factors in TRS treatment.
Article
Psychiatry
Xiuwen Li, Huimin Zhang, Xue Han, Lan Guo, Felicia Ceban, Yuhua Liao, Jingman Shi, Wanxin Wang, Yifeng Liu, Weidong Song, Dongjian Zhu, Hongqiong Wang, Lingjiang Li, Beifang Fan, Ciyong Lu, Roger S. McIntyre
Summary: This study explored the association between somatic symptoms and subthreshold depression (SD) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and determined the predictive potential of somatic symptoms in identifying SD and MDD in primary care. The results showed that somatic symptoms were associated with the presence of SD and MDD, and energy-related symptoms had good predictive potential.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vincent Chin-Hung Chen, Shao-Lan Huang, Jing-Yu Huang, Tsai-Ching Hsu, Bor-Show Tzang, Roger S. Mcintyre
Summary: The combination of Nivolumab and Escitalopram oxalate was found to have synergistic effects in inhibiting the proliferation of liver cancer cells. This study highlights the potential of combined drug therapy as an alternative treatment option for liver cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Joshua D. D. Rosenblat, Froukje E. E. deVries, Zoe Doyle, Roger S. S. McIntyre, Gary Rodin, Camilla Zimmermann, Ernie Mak, Breffni Hannon, Christian Schulz-Quach, Aida Al Kindy, Zeal Patel, Madeline Li
Summary: Ketamine administered through intranasal spray has shown rapid and sustained antidepressant effects in advanced cancer patients suffering from moderate to severe depression. The treatment was well-tolerated with minimal side effects. Further larger-scale controlled trials are needed to confirm these promising findings.