Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patrycja Wardaszka, Piotr Soczewka, Marzena Sienko, Teresa Zoladek, Joanna Kaminska
Summary: In yeast cells lacking the VPS13 gene, overexpression of the RCN2 gene was shown to be beneficial, as it inhibits the activity of calcineurin by binding to specific subunits, thus reducing the negative effects associated with neurodegenerative diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olaia Martinez-Iglesias, Vinogran Naidoo, Juan Carlos Carril, Silvia Seoane, Natalia Cacabelos, Ramon Cacabelos
Summary: There is a lack of effective diagnostic biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). Gene expression analysis can provide diagnostic value for NDDs and offers an alternative to current diagnostic methods. This study identified specific gene expressions associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and vascular/mixed dementia (VaD). APOE, PSEN1, ABCA7, and SNCA mRNA levels showed high diagnostic accuracy for AD and PD, while PICALM had less accuracy as a biomarker for AD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohaddeseh Sadat Alavi, Gholamreza Karimi, Hussein A. Ghanimi, Ali Roohbakhsh
Summary: Cholesterol is a vital component of the cell membrane that affects membrane properties and functions. Its metabolism in the brain is regulated by CYP46A1, which converts cholesterol to 24S-hydroxycholesterol for elimination. Studies suggest that changes in cholesterol levels may be associated with neurological diseases, and targeting CYP46A1 could be a therapeutic approach. Preclinical studies have investigated the role of CYP46A1 in various brain disorders and injuries, and a selective inhibitor called soticlestat has shown promising anti-seizure effects. Both activation and inhibition of CYP46A1 have therapeutic potential, as demonstrated by previous studies.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Rakesh K. Sindhu, Prabhjot Kaur, Parneet Kaur, Harmanpreet Singh, Gaber El-Saber Batiha, Inderjeet Verma
Summary: Free radicals or oxidative stress play a fundamental role in various neurological diseases. Antioxidant therapy shows potential in preventing, delaying, or ameliorating these disorders. However, optimal antioxidant options may vary depending on individual diseases.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Lucy Mohapatra, Deepak Mishra, Alok Shiomurti Tripathi, Sambit Kumar Parida
Summary: Immunity is the body's defense mechanism against illness, while senescence is a cellular phenomenon that affects growth restriction and has been linked to various abnormalities. Immunosenescence is the dysfunction of the immune system with aging, which leads to the expansion of diseases and disorders in the elderly. The interaction between the immune and nervous systems, as well as the effects of immunosenescence and inflamm-aging, can contribute to neurodegenerative disorders.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juan Luo, Peng Li
Summary: Three-dimensional brain organoids (BOs) derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) offer new opportunities to model brain development, neurodegenerative disorders, and brain cancers in vitro, providing a way to study these complex processes and diseases.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Shokufeh Ghasemian Sorboni, Hanieh Shakeri Moghaddam, Reza Jafarzadeh-Esfehani, Saman Soleimanpour
Summary: The human microbiome, consisting of bacteria, viruses, and fungi, plays a central role in the development of the immune system, the central nervous system, and the gastrointestinal tract. Imbalance in the gut microflora is associated with neurological disorders. Microbiome-based therapies show promise in treating these disorders.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Adonis Sfera, Karina G. Thomas, Christina V. Andronescu, Nyla Jafri, Dan O. Sfera, Sarvin Sasannia, Carlos Zapata-Martin M. del Campo, Jose C. Maldonado
Summary: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are a group of diseases characterized by memory and behavioral dysfunction, which are related to abnormal iron metabolism. Both the virus and drugs increase the risk of ferroptosis, leading to neurodegeneration. By activating a compensatory system, targeted interventions may counteract ferroptosis and achieve desired therapeutic effects.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biology
Subhajit Sarkar, Abhijit Das
Summary: Fruit flies, specifically their olfactory system, have been extensively used as a model organism for studying neurobiology and human neurological disorders. This system offers several advantages for research, including genetic tractability and well-studied neuroanatomy. This review discusses the progress made in using fruit flies to study human neurological pathophysiology and explores the potential for modeling more complex neurological conditions.
JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Javeed Ahmad Bhat, Tahira Akther, Rauf Ahmad Najar, Faheem Rasool, Abid Hamid
Summary: This article summarizes the potential properties and medicinal benefits of Withania somnifera (W. somnifera), commonly known as winter cherry or ashwagandha, especially in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. It discusses the role of W. somnifera in DNA repair mechanisms and prevention of apoptosis in normal cells. The available data suggest that W. somnifera is effective in controlling disease progression and could be a potential therapeutic target. The article also addresses the traditional medicinal applications of W. somnifera and the obstacles that need to be overcome for its evaluation as a curative agent in humans.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Stephan M. Gerber, Michael Single, Samuel E. J. Knobel, Narayan Schutz, Lena C. Bruhin, Angela Botros, Aileen C. Naef, Kaspar A. Schindler, Tobias Nef
Summary: For patients with neurodegenerative disorders, home-monitoring using unobtrusive sensors is a promising technology that can improve their quality of life. This pilot case study developed a multi-sensor system to monitor patients at home, accurately measuring physiological, movement, and environmental parameters. The system has the potential to bridge the gap between laboratories and older adults' homes, providing a deeper understanding of human behavioral and neurological disorders and enabling the development of new algorithms and sensor systems to enhance the quality of life for aging society and patients with neurological disorders.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sumit Jamwal, Jennifer K. Blackburn, John D. Elsworth
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive loss of neuron structure and function. Current therapy mainly focuses on symptomatic treatment, but targeting biochemical factors in mitochondria may offer promising treatment options. PPAR gamma-PGC1 alpha plays a crucial role in regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and has been studied in clinical trials for PD, AD, and HD.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Hanna Tabisz, Aleksandra Modlinska, Slawomir Kujawski, Joanna Slomko, Pawel Zalewski
Summary: Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) is a beneficial therapy for chronic inflammation-related diseases as an adjuvant treatment. However, more research is needed in other areas of application and efficacy.
BRITISH MEDICAL BULLETIN
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bing Han, Chengwei He
Summary: Autophagy is a common mechanism for maintaining cellular homeostasis by degrading proteins, protein aggregates, and organelles, and dysfunction of autophagy is observed in many diseases. Saponins, natural compounds with autophagy-modulating effects, may have therapeutic and preventive effects on autophagy-related diseases.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Dibya Sundar Padhy, Partha Palit, Abu Md Ashif Ikbal, Nirupam Das, Dilip Kumar Roy, Sugato Banerjee
Summary: Peptidyl arginine deiminases (PADs) are enzymes that irreversibly citrullinate arginine residues of protein in the presence of calcium ions. Increased PAD expression has been linked to various inflammatory diseases. Factors such as intracellular calcium levels, oxidative stress, and proinflammatory cytokines contribute to the elevation of PAD enzyme expression. PAD inhibitors derived from natural or synthetic sources show promise as a novel therapeutic approach for inflammatory disorders. This review discusses the pathological role of PAD in inflammatory diseases, factors triggering PAD expression, epigenetic regulation, and the therapeutic potential of PAD inhibitors.
INFLAMMOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
