Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miaomiao Li, Rongrong Liu, Yaping Zhao, Pengfei Liu
Summary: GS28 is a transmembrane protein that localizes to the Golgi apparatus and plays a crucial role in regulating vesicle trafficking. It is involved in various intracellular transport events and functional signaling pathways related to diseases. However, the precise function and regulatory network of GS28 in different disease models are still unclear.
CURRENT PROTEIN & PEPTIDE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Hannah L. Black, Rachel Livingstone, Cynthia C. Mastick, Mohammed Al Tobi, Holly Taylor, Angeline Geiser, Laura Stirrat, Dimitrios Kioumourtzoglou, John R. Petrie, James G. Boyle, Nia J. Bryant, Gwyn W. Gould
Summary: The knockout of syntaxin-4 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes was found to significantly reduce insulin-stimulated glucose transport and adiponectin secretion, but had only modest effects on the translocation capacity of the cells and the exocytic and endocytic rates of GLUT4.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nan Zhang, Hongjie Zhang, Liakot A. Khan, Gholamali Jafari, Yong Eun, Edward Membreno, Verena Gobel
Summary: A systems-based approach using two-tiered C. elegans genomics-genetics screens identified trafficking molecules that polarize apical membrane and PAR complex components without being involved in apical sorting. Live tracking of polarized membrane biogenesis revealed that the biosynthetic-secretory pathway, linked to recycling routes, is asymmetrically oriented towards the apical domain during its biosynthesis, independent of polarized target membrane domains and regulated upstream of PARs. This alternative mode of membrane polarization provides insights into current models of epithelial polarity and polarized trafficking.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Suresh Kumar, Ruheena Javed, Masroor A. A. Paddar, Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen, Graham S. Timmins, Vojo Deretic
Summary: Mammalian autophagosomes form from a hybrid membrane compartment known as a prophagophore or HyPAS, which originates from preexisting membranes and undergoes lipid transfer and fusion with lysosomes. The formation of the prophagophore involves fusion of RB1CC1/FIP200-containing vesicles from the cis-Golgi with endosomally derived ATG16L1 membranes, and is regulated by a Ca2+-responsive apparatus. The process of autophagic prophagophore formation is inhibited during SARS-CoV-2 infection and can be replicated by expressing SARS-CoV-2 nsp6. These findings highlight the convergence of secretory and endosomal pathways in the formation of mammalian autophagosomal prophagophores and the influence of microbial factors.
Article
Plant Sciences
Liang Zhang, Jingwen Ma, Huan Liu, Qian Yi, Yanan Wang, Jingjing Xing, Peipei Zhang, Shengdong Ji, Mingjun Li, Jingyuan Li, Jinbo Shen, Jinxing Lin
Summary: The R-SNAREs VAMP721 and VAMP722 in Arabidopsis are found to play crucial roles in intracellular trafficking, affecting auxin distribution and plant growth by regulating the polar localization of auxin transporters.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hong Huang, Qinqin Ouyang, Min Zhu, Haijia Yu, Kunrong Mei, Rong Liu
Summary: The study reveals that mTORC1 inhibits SNARE complex formation by phosphorylating VAMP8, thus blocking autophagosome-lysosome fusion. SCFD1 is identified as a crucial protein in autolysosomes required for SNARE complex formation and autophagosome-lysosome fusion.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Elena Morelli, Elisa A. Speranza, Enrica Pellegrino, Galina Beznoussenko, Francesca Carminati, Massimiliano Garre, Alexander A. Mironov, Marco Onorati, Thomas Vaccari
Summary: Snap29 is a crucial regulator of membrane fusion, essential for cellular processes such as autophagy and cell division. Mutations in Snap29 can lead to alterations in Golgi apparatus and disrupted ER to GA trafficking, revealing a new regulatory function of Snap29 in promoting secretory trafficking.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yin Shi, Zu Ye, Guang Lu, Naidi Yang, Jianbin Zhang, Liming Wang, Jianzhou Cui, Miguel A. del Pozo, Yihua Wu, Dajing Xia, Han-Ming Shen
Summary: Drug resistance is a major challenge in cancer chemotherapy, with lipid rafts/cholesterol-enriched membrane micro-domains (CEMMs) playing a novel role in autophagosome biogenesis and doxorubicin resistance in breast tumors. The study suggests that disruption of CEMMs can lead to increased autophagy and drug resistance, which can be overcome by autophagy inhibition.
MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter T. A. Linders, Eveline C. F. Gerretsen, Angel Ashikov, Mari-Anne Vals, Rinse de Boer, Natalia H. Revelo, Richard Arts, Melissa Baerenfaenger, Fokje Zijlstra, Karin Huijben, Kimiyo Raymond, Kai Muru, Olga Fjodorova, Sander Pajusalu, Katrin Ounap, Martin Ter Beest, Dirk Lefeber, Geert van den Bogaart
Summary: A single missense substitution in the Stx5 gene results in the loss of the short isoform, leading to a fatal multisystem disease in patients. This mutation causes defective glycosylation, altered Golgi morphology, and mislocalization of glycosyltransferases in affected individuals. The short isoform of Stx5 is essential for proper intra-Golgi transport, highlighting the importance of translation initiation in regulating protein trafficking.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Virology
Bailey S. Mosher, Heather L. Fulkerson, Tori Boyle, Liudmila S. Chesnokova, Stephen J. Cieply, Andrew D. Yurochko
Summary: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection causes severe and often fatal disease in the immunocompromised. By uncovering the unique pathways used by the virus to infect key cells, such as monocytes, responsible for dissemination and persistence, we provide new potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Misoon Park, Ulrike Mayer, Sandra Richter, Gerd Juergens
Summary: Eukaryotic membrane fusion requires trans-SNARE complexes to bridge the gap between adjacent membranes. The fusion process involves the transformation of trans-SNARE complexes into cis-SNARE complexes, followed by disassembly of the SNARE complex and formation of trans-SNARE complexes. The disassembly machinery, including NSF and aSNAP, plays a critical role in cytokinesis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yoko Hasegawa, Thais Huarancca Reyes, Tomohiro Uemura, Anirban Baral, Akari Fujimaki, Yongming Luo, Yoshie Morita, Yasushi Saeki, Shugo Maekawa, Shigetaka Yasuda, Koki Mukuta, Yoichiro Fukao, Keiji Tanaka, Akihiko Nakano, Junpei Takagi, Rishikesh P. Bhalerao, Junji Yamaguchi, Takeo Sato
Summary: This study identified the interaction between the trans-Golgi network/early endosome localized SNARE protein SYP61 and the transmembrane ubiquitin ligase ATL31 in Arabidopsis. It also revealed the critical role of SYP61 in plant responses to nutrient stress, as well as its ubiquitination under low carbon/high nitrogen conditions. These findings provide important insights into the ubiquitin signaling and membrane trafficking machinery in plants.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Andrey S. Selyunin, Karinel Nieves-Merced, Danyang Li, Stanton F. McHardy, Somshuvra Mukhopadhyay
Summary: Tamoxifen potently inhibits the trafficking of Shiga toxin 1 and 2 at the early endosome-to-Golgi step. This inhibitory effect is independent of its SERM property but relies on its weakly basic chemical nature, which alters endolysosomal pH and retromer recruitment. Tamoxifen exerts anti-STx2 activity by inhibiting retromer-dependent endosomal tubulation and sorting of STx2, highlighting its therapeutic potential for treating Shiga toxicosis.
Review
Plant Sciences
Vincent P. Klink, Bisho R. Lawaju, Prakash M. Niraula, Keshav Sharma, Brant T. McNeece, Shankar R. Pant, Hallie A. Troell, Sudha Acharya, Rishi Khatri, Alexandra Hammett Rose, Nadim W. Alkharouf, Kathy S. Lawrence
Summary: The endomembrane system, with the Golgi apparatus as the central organelle, plays important roles in eukaryotic cell physiological processes. The conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex is a crucial component of the Golgi apparatus, responsible for maintaining its structure and function. Animal studies have shown that COG mutations lead to severe defects in cell biology and development, resulting in death. However, research on plants is still limited, but it is gradually expanding.
JOURNAL OF PLANT INTERACTIONS
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Awatef Ben Ahmed, Quentin Lemaire, Jodie Scache, Christophe Mariller, Tony Lefebvre, Anne-Sophie Vercoutter-Edouart
Summary: The transport of proteins in cells is regulated by the secretory pathway, as well as unconventional secretion pathways. These complex processes rely on various signaling and regulatory proteins to ensure proper delivery of cargoes. O-GlcNAcylation, a reversible post-translational modification, plays a role in protein trafficking in mammalian cells through classical and unconventional secretory pathways. This review summarizes the emerging role of O-GlcNAc modification in protein trafficking.
