Article
Energy & Fuels
Matteo Borella, Alessandro A. Casazza, Gabriella Garbarino, Paola Riani, Guido Busca
Summary: The thermal degradation pyrolysis of Kraft lignin was investigated at different temperatures in the absence of catalysts. The high sulfur content in the lignin led to the formation of sulfur-containing compounds in the pyrolysis products. The pyrolytic gas was found to be rich in methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide, along with other sulfur compounds in smaller amounts. The bio-oil obtained from the pyrolysis contained alkyl-alkoxy phenols, dihydroxy benzenes, and minor amounts of hydrocarbons and sulfur compounds.
Article
Polymer Science
Debao Li, Letian Qi, Mengru Yang, Yujie Gu, Yu Xue, Jiachuan Chen, Ming He, Guihua Yang
Summary: In this study, switchable ionic liquids were synthesized and screened to improve the polarity and recyclability of deep eutectic solvents. By coupling with hydrogen-bond donors, a switchable-DES system with modified properties, such as viscosity, conductivity, and pH, was formed, leading to enhanced solubility of lignin compounds and improved molecular weight and uniformity. This proposed system has potential applications in the fractionation of lignin compounds and downstream industrial processes.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Maryam Ghalibaf, Raimo Alen, Idoia Hita, Peter J. Deuss, Hero Jan Heeres, Paul de Wild
Summary: Different types of lignins derived from Norway spruce were analyzed through pyrolysis, showing selective formation of guaiacol from dried soda-AQ black liquors, while complex phenolic mixtures were produced from kraft and ethanosolv lignins. Analytical pyrolysis proved suitable for predicting lignin pyrolysis behavior on a larger scale, though less accurate in predicting product yields.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Millan, Felipe Gonzalez-Turen, Josei Perez-Recabarren, Christopher Gonzalez-Ponce, Marcos Caroli Rezende, Andre M. Da Costa Lopes
Summary: In this study, different organic solvents and their aqueous mixtures were used for lignin extraction from Pinus radiata sawdust. The results showed that adding a small amount of water could increase the extraction yield, but the yield decreased as the water content increased. The purity of the extracted lignins was analyzed, and it was found that the solute-solvent interactions had a significant influence on the extraction effectiveness.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yongli Yang, Hong Sui, Jun Ma, Lin He, Xingang Li
Summary: This study systematically investigated the residual behavior of TEPDA in bitumen through experimental tests and molecular dynamic simulation. It found two different ways in which TEPDA is entrained in bitumen, and highlighted the significant role of asphaltene in blocking the diffusion of reversible solvents to the surface.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Shenzheng Xu, Xin Chen, Qiling Tang, Ao Li, Xianghong Lu, Xuejun Liu, Fengwen Yu
Summary: The pyrolysis of dealkaline lignin to phenols was improved by using a rotary kiln reactor loaded with grinding beads as filler. Temperature had a significant influence on the pyrolysis process, and the maximum liquid yield of 52.10% was achieved at 500 degrees C and a carrier gas flow rate of 300 mL min-1. The use of gamma-alumina spheres as grinding beads resulted in higher liquid yield and selectivity for guaiacols and alkylphenols.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Zhen Wan, Shaoqing Wang, Zhihe Li, Weiming Yi, Andong Zhang, Yufeng Li, Peng Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the catalytic characteristics and hydrogen supply of spent bleaching clay (SBC) in the pyrolysis of corncob lignin. Experimental results showed that SBC and corncob lignin exhibited synergistic effects during co-pyrolysis, leading to the enhanced production of target products and the inhibition of undesirable compounds.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bongo M. Majeke, Francois X. Collard, Luvuyo Tyhoda, Johann F. Gorgens
Summary: This study explored a novel strategy involving the sequential application of enzymes and pyrolysis for the conversion of lignins to bio-oil rich in phenols. The results showed that enzymatic pretreatment could significantly increase the bio-oil yield and improve the quality of phenolic compounds during pyrolysis.
WASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xin Lv, Jie Qi, Xiaojiang Li, Na Wang, Hongsheng Lu
Summary: A sustainable approach using CO2 switchable-hydrophilicity solvents (SHSs) for paraffin wax removal has been developed, with SHSs exhibiting excellent dissolving capacity for paraffin wax and allowing simple separation by introducing CO2. Increased dissolution rate and improved paraffin wax removal efficiency are achieved with SHSs, especially N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA). The recovery of paraffin wax can be enhanced by adjusting water content, temperature, and aeration rate.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tengfei Li, Xiongjian Du, Shubin Wu
Summary: The torrefaction pretreatment of softwood kraft lignin (SKL) has been shown to improve the thermal value of torrefied lignins (TLs), reduce their molecular weight, remove thermally unstable components, and regulate the yield of phenols in pyrolysis products.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Tengfei Li, Yihui Yin, Shubin Wu, Xiongjian Du
Summary: The chemical structure of lignin plays a crucial role in determining the distribution of pyrolysis products. Treatment of softwood kraft lignin with deep eutectic solvents (DES) can improve lignin structure and enhance the selectivity of pyrolysis products. Specifically, choline chloride/ethylene glycol and zinc chloride/ethylene glycol treatment significantly increase the content of H-phenols and C-phenols in lignin pyrolysis products, while CE pretreatment contributes to higher bio-oil yield and lower char content.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Jiapeng Wang, Bo Zhang, Awsan Shujaa Aldeen, Stephen Mwenya, Haoqiang Cheng, Zhixiang Xu, Huiyan Zhang
Summary: This study proposes a method for upgrading biomass pyrolysis products through sodium persulfate pretreatment and fast catalytic pyrolysis. By degrading the biomass structure and changing the composition, the quality and value of the products can be improved.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Matthew Kusinski, Rafal Gieleciak, Lindsay J. Hounjet, Jinwen Chen
Summary: A method for quantifying concentrations of hydroxyl group containing molecular species in biocrudes using P-31 NMR spectroscopy was validated for different matrixes. The study found that the artificial matrix with no hydroxyl analytes and lowest water content exhibited the lowest limits of detection and quantitation.
Article
Polymer Science
Alina Meindl, Alexander Petutschnigg, Thomas Schnabel
Summary: This research investigates the suitability of different choline-chloride-based deep eutectic solvents for microwave lignin extraction. The study presents an efficient and fast method to extract lignin from untreated larch bark using deep eutectic solvents in a standard domestic microwave. The extraction process is straightforward, green, and cost-effective.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shubhi Gupta, Rahul Lanjewar, Prasenjit Mondal
Summary: The study investigated the catalytic pyrolysis of pine needle biomass using metal loaded spent adsorbent as a catalyst. Results showed that the catalysts had significant deoxygenation potential, leading to higher quality bio-oil with increased carbon content and heating value, as well as enhanced hydrocarbons and phenolic compounds. The presence of CO and CO2 indicated deoxygenation reactions during catalytic breakdown, suggesting the potential application of the produced bio-oil as a replacement for petroleum fuel or industrial-grade chemical.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Joseph Santhi Pechsiri, Jean-Baptiste E. Thomas, Naoufel El Bahraoui, Francisco Gabriel Acien Fernandez, Jamal Chaouki, Saad Chidami, Rodrigo Rivera Tinoco, Jose Pena Martin, Cintia Gomez, Michel Combe, Fredrik Grondahl
Summary: This study compares the environmental performance of conventional reactors and a proposed internally illuminated novel closed reactor design. The results show that the novel photobioreactor can significantly reduce impacts such as eutrophication and climate change when leveraging renewable energy sources and the photosynthesis process in urban-industrial symbiosis scenarios.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Amin Solouki, Mohammad Monzavi, Jamal Chaouki
Summary: This study investigated the removal of nickel (Ni) and vanadium (V) from Iranian crude oil using bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) under microwave heating. The results showed that with low microwave powers and a reaction temperature of 250℃, the removal efficiencies of Ni and V could reach up to 63% and 72% respectively after 1 hour of reaction. The demetallization reactions followed a first-order model, with activation energies of 29.8 and 34.7 kJ/mol for Ni and V.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kazem Adavi, Jaber Shabanian, Jamal Chaouki
Summary: Research studies have found that selective heating in gas-solid systems exposed to microwave irradiation can suppress undesired reactions and save energy. However, the effects of various factors on temperature difference and distribution in fixed beds under microwave heating are not well understood. This study used multiphysics simulations to investigate these effects and found that temperature gradient increases with gas velocity and exothermic reactions. Additionally, nonuniform temperature distribution was observed due to limited microwave penetration depth and hotspot formation.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Abdellah Ajji, Jamal Chaouki, Ogul Esen, Miroslav Grmela, Vaclav Klika, Michal Pavelka
Summary: The classical mass action law in chemical kinetics is integrated into the framework of geometric multiscale thermodynamics, enabling the description of chemical reactions with inertial effects. The kinetics is expanded to a larger state space with reaction rates as new state variables, exhibiting a Lie-algebroid dual structure. The dynamics is then enhanced to the Liouville description within the kinetic theory of the enlarged state space, allowing for the inclusion of fluctuations. The lifted kinematics possesses a geometric structure of a matched pair, enabling reduction to moments by a Lie-algebra homomorphism, akin to the Grad hierarchy.
PHYSICA D-NONLINEAR PHENOMENA
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Pierre Sauriol, Javad Vahabzadeh Pasikhani, Jaber Shabanian, Jamal Chaouki
Summary: The high velocity injection of gas in a particulate system leads to the formation of a gas-solid structure characterized by enhanced momentum, mass, and heat transfers. This review focuses on the empirical correlations developed to predict the jet penetration length and half-angle at various operating conditions in different bed configurations in gas-solid fluidized beds. It also discusses the advances in modeling efforts, scale-up issues, and proposes an iterative approach for designing and scaling up injection systems in a gas-solid fluidized bed.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ramy Sadek, Mohammad S. Sharawi, Charles Dubois, Hesham Tantawy, Jamal Chaouki
Summary: The developed nanocomposite shows significantly enhanced shielding performance due to the synergistic effect of high dielectric and magnetic loss materials, which modifies the material's impedance and improves its absorption ability.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuyan Zhang, Sami El Sayed, Liqun Kang, Matthew Sanger, Thomas Wiegand, Philip G. Jessop, Serena Debeer, Alexis Bordet, Walter Leitner
Summary: Ruthenium nanoparticles immobilized on an amine-functionalized polymer-grafted silica support can selectively catalyze the hydrogenation of bicyclic heteroaromatics. The addition of CO2 to the hydrogen gas phase can effectively shut down the arene hydrogenation reaction while maintaining activity for heteroaromatic hydrogenation. This selectivity switch is achieved through the catalytic generation of ammonium formate species on the material's surface by hydrogenation of CO2. By altering the composition of the feed gas, a variety of benzofuran and quinoline derivatives can be selectively hydrogenated to fully or partially saturated products using a single catalyst.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Iman Soleimani, Jaber Shabanian, Jamal Chaouki
Summary: This study proposes two equivalent equations for quantifying interparticle forces (IPFs) in a gas-solid fluidized bed and examines their effects on agglomeration. The first equation, the generalized Umf deviation equation, correlates the magnitude of IPFs to the ratio of experimental and theoretical minimum fluidization velocities. The second equation, the generalized Dynamic Hausner Ratio (DHR) equation, relates the magnitude of IPFs to the agglomerate size as well as the DHR. These equations can be applied in various conditions and help quantify the resultant IPFs acting on particles. The opportunities and limitations of the proposed equations are discussed.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Fadoua Laasri, Adrian Carrillo Garcia, Mohammad Latifi, Jamal Chaouki
Summary: This study investigated the decomposition of phosphogypsum (PG) in the presence of carbon monoxide (CO). Experimental results showed that PG decomposes at temperatures above 600 degrees C, yielding mainly CaS at high CO partial pressures and CaO at low CO partial pressures. Thermodynamic simulations confirmed the experimental observations and indicated that a higher CO/CaSO4 molar ratio leads to a higher conversion rate.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vanessa Saab Liberato, Tatiana Felix Ferreira, Alex Redmond MacDonald, Bernardo Dias Ribeiro, Maria Alice Zarur Coelho, Philip G. Jessop
Summary: PDO can be produced by fermenting glycerol, but separating it from the aqueous medium is difficult. A new method called Solvent-Assisted Switchable Water (SASW) is proposed. In this method, a hydrophilic solvent is used to extract PDO from water, while a CO2-switchable ionogen prevents the solvent from merging with the aqueous phase. The extraction yield was 73%, but the extracted PDO contained water and amine, indicating that further improvement is needed for selective extraction.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ross D. D. Jansen-van Vuuren, Sina Naficy, Maedeh Ramezani, Michael Cunningham, Philip Jessop
Summary: CO2-responsive materials undergo changes in their properties when CO2 is introduced or removed. CO2 is advantageous as a stimulus due to its abundance, benign nature, affordability, and lack of accumulation in a system. Various CO2-responsive materials such as polymers, latexes, surfactants, and catalysts have been explored. CO2-responsive gels, a subset of CO2-responsive polymers, have unique changes such as swelling or transformed morphology. This paper reviews the preparation, properties, and applications of CO2-responsive gels, including nanogels, microgels, aerogels, and macrogels, and also discusses CO2-induced self-assembled gels.
CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Houssam Bouaboula, Mohammed Ouikhalfan, Ismael Saadoune, Jamal Chaouki, Abdelghafour Zaabout, Youssef Belmabkhout
Summary: This study aims to optimize the design and operation of a pilot-scale green ammonia plant powered by renewable energy sources. A novel Techno-Economic (TE) modeling approach is proposed to address the intermittency and unpredictability of renewable energy sources. By considering different site locations with consistent yearly meteorological data and using an original Energy Management Strategy (EMS), the TE model efficiently reduces fluctuation and increases energy production. The results show that the implemented EMS leads to a significant increase in the HB Load Factor (LF) and a reduction in the Levelized Cost of Ammonia (LCOA). The PV/Battery scenario is found to be the most optimal with a projected potential cost reduction in the future.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Robin R. Benedix, Sophia Botsch, Natalie Preisig, Volodymyr Kovalchuk, Philip G. Jessop, Cosima Stubenrauch
Summary: Switchable materials, especially CO2-switchable materials, are of great interest in environmental research. Replacing non-switchable materials with switchable counterparts has the potential to make processes more environmentally friendly by enhancing reusability and circularity, reducing energy costs and material consumption. This study focuses on the surface and foaming properties of aqueous solutions containing a non-switchable surfactant and a CO2-switchable additive. The results show that the additive can change surface properties, foamability, and foam stability when switched with CO2.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Philip G. Jessop, Alex R. Macdonald
Summary: The life cycle of a product contains hotspots, which are the steps causing the majority of harm. Traditional practice often overlooks the importance of identifying these hotspots. Therefore, the utilization of life cycle assessments to identify hotspots and drive the selection of research projects is necessary to maximize environmental benefits.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michael F. Cunningham, Philip G. Jessop
Summary: The development and design of CO2-switchable colloidal particles were discussed, including the principles and recent progress in the preparation of various types of colloidal particles for different applications. Future opportunities in this field were also analyzed.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yinping Xiang, Meiying Jia, Rui Xu, Jialu Xu, Lele He, Haihao Peng, Weimin Sun, Dongbo Wang, Weiping Xiong, Zhaohui Yang
Summary: This study investigated the impact of the non-antibiotic pharmaceutical carbamazepine on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during anaerobic digestion. The results showed that carbamazepine induced the enrichment of ARGs and increased the abundance of bacteria carrying these genes. It also facilitated microbial aggregation and intercellular communication, leading to an increased frequency of ARGs transmission. Moreover, carbamazepine promoted the acquisition of ARGs by pathogens and elevated their overall abundance.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Weixin Zhao, Tianyi Hu, Hao Ma, Dan Li, Qingliang Zhao, Junqiu Jiang, Liangliang Wei
Summary: This review summarizes the effects and potential mechanisms of biochar on microbial behavior in AD systems. The addition of biochar has been found to promote microbial colonization, alleviate stress, provide nutrients, and enhance enzyme activity. Future research directions include targeted design of biochar, in-depth study of microbial mechanisms, and improved models.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Christina Karmann, Anna Magrova, Pavel Jenicek, Jan Bartacek, Vojtech Kouba
Summary: This review assesses nitrogen removal technologies in reject water treatment, highlighting the differences in environmental impacts and economic benefits. Partial nitritation-anammox shows potential for economic benefits and positive environmental outcomes when operated and controlled properly.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Wei-Hao Huang, Ying-Ju Chang, Duu-Jong Lee
Summary: This study modified pinecone biochar with layered double hydroxide (LDH) to enhance its adsorption capacity for heavy metal and phosphate ions. The LDH-biochar showed significantly improved adsorption capacities for Pb2+ and phosphate, and a slight increase for Cu2+ and Co2+. The LDH layer enhanced the adsorption through various mechanisms.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Chao Song, Fanfan Cai, Shuang Yang, Ligong Wang, Guangqing Liu, Chang Chen
Summary: This paper developed a machine learning model to predict the biochemical methane potential during anaerobic digestion. Model analysis identified lignin content, organic loading, and nitrogen content as key attributes for methane production prediction. For feedstocks with high cellulose content, early methane production is lower but can be improved by prolonging digestion time. Moreover, lignin content exceeding a certain value significantly inhibits methane production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sang Min Lee, Ju Young Lee, Ji-Sook Hahn, Seung-Ho Baek
Summary: This study successfully developed an efficient platform strain using Yarrowia lipolytica for the bioconversion of renewable resources into adipic acid, achieving a remarkable increase in production level.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Sefkan Kendir, Matthias Franzreb
Summary: This study presents a novel approach using magnetic separation to efficiently harvest freshwater microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris. By combining pH-induced calcium phosphate precipitation with cheap natural magnetite microparticles, harvesting efficiencies up to 98% were achieved in the model medium.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Ishaq Kariim, Ji-Yeon Park, Wajahat Waheed Kazmi, Hulda Swai, In-Gu Lee, Thomas Kivevele
Summary: The impact of reaction temperature, residence time, and ethanol: acetone on the energy compositions and yield enhancement of biocrudes was investigated. The results showed that under appropriate conditions, biocrudes with high energy and low oxygen content can be obtained, indicating a high potential for utilization.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xiyue Zhang, Xiyao Li, Liang Zhang, Yongzhen Peng
Summary: Intermittent aeration is an innovative approach to enhance nitrogen removal in low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio municipal sewage, providing an efficient strategy for the continuous plug-flow AOA process.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Xu Yang, Mahmoud Mazarji, Mengtong Li, Aohua Li, Ronghua Li, Zengqiang Zhang, Junting Pan
Summary: This study investigated the impact of magnetite on the nitrogen cycle of pig manure biostabilisation. The addition of magnetite increased N2O emissions and decreased NH3 emissions during composting. It also increased the total nitrogen content but should be considered for its significant increase in N2O emissions in engineering practice.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Ty Shitanaka, Haylee Fujioka, Muzammil Khan, Manpreet Kaur, Zhi-Yan Du, Samir Kumar Khanal
Summary: The market value of microalgae has exponentially increased in the past two decades, thanks to their applications in various industries. However, the supply of high-value microalgal bioproducts is limited due to several factors, and strategies are being explored to overcome these limitations and improve microalgae production, thus increasing the availability of algal-derived bioproducts in the market.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Martin Kerner, Thorsten Wolff, Torsten Brinkmann
Summary: The efficiency of using enriched CO2 from flue gas for large-scale production of green microalgae has been studied. The results show that the use of membrane devices and static mixers can effectively improve the CO2 recovery rate and maintain the suitable pH and temperature during cultivation, achieving a more economical and sustainable microalgae production.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rui Ma, Ji Li, Rd Tyagi, Xiaolei Zhang
Summary: This review summarizes the microorganisms capable of using CO2 and CH4 to produce PHAs, illustrating the production process, factors influencing it, and discussing optimization techniques. It identifies the challenges and future prospects for developing economically viable PHAs production using GHGs as a carbon source.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Bing Wang, Peng Zhang, Xu Guo, Xu Bao, Junjie Tian, Guomin Li, Jian Zhang
Summary: The addition of zeolite in the co-composting of chicken manure and straw significantly reduced the emissions of ammonia and N2O, and increased the nitrate content. Zeolite also promoted the abundance of nitrification genes and inhibited the expression of denitrification genes.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Rohit Dey, Franziska Ortiz Tena, Song Wang, Josef Martin Messmann, Christian Steinweg, Claudia Thomsen, Clemens Posten, Stefan Leu, Matthias S. Ullrich, Laurenz Thomsen
Summary: This study investigated the operation of a 1000L microalgae-based membrane photobioreactor system for continuous secondary wastewater treatment. The research focused on a green microalgae strain called Desmodesmus sp. The study aimed to understand key trends and optimization strategies by conducting experiments in both summer and winter seasons. The findings showed that maintaining low cell concentrations during periods of light inhibition was beneficial for nutrient uptake rates. Effective strategies for enhancing algae-based wastewater treatment included cell mass recycling and adjusting dilution rates based on light availability.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
