Article
Economics
Minsoo Jeong
Summary: This paper presents a novel approach to model financial time series that captures both persistency and long term stationarity. The provided statistical theory and empirical evidence support the existence and characteristic behavior of such series in real financial data.
ECONOMIC MODELLING
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Philipp J. Schneider, Thomas A. Weber
Summary: This paper proposes a method for estimating process parameters from time-censored data, which generates and corrects synthetic sample paths to match observed bin counts, and approximates the stochastic characteristics of the observed process iteratively.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Xin Chen, Shunyi Zhao, Fei Liu
Summary: This paper discusses the robust identification of linear systems using the recursive expectation-maximization algorithm, formulating a recursive Q-function based on maximum likelihood principle and accommodating outliers with Student's t-distribution. The parameter vector, noise variance, and degree of freedom are recursively estimated, and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated through a numerical example and simulation of a CSTR system.
JOURNAL OF THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE-ENGINEERING AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Daniel Chen, Alexander G. Strang, Andrew W. Eckford, Peter J. Thomas
Summary: This paper presents a continuous-time formulation of the sum-product algorithm for inferring the conditional probabilities of hidden states in a system. The algorithm, based on finite, discrete-time observations, explicitly solves for the conditional probability of occupying any state given the transition rates and observations within a finite time window.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
J. L. Kirkby, Dang H. Nguyen, Duy Nguyen, Nhu N. Nguyen
Summary: A novel method is presented for estimating the parameters of a parametric diffusion process using a closed-form Maximum Likelihood estimator for an approximating Continuous Time Markov Chain (CTMC). The CTMC approximation eliminates time-discretization error during parameter estimation, making it suitable for econometric situations with infrequently sampled data.
COMPUTATIONAL STATISTICS & DATA ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
A. Deser, J. Kuhne
Summary: This article discusses the stochastic nature of charging in aerosol particles, utilizing the framework of continuous time Markov processes to analyze the principles of charging and introducing a novel numerical method for calculating the time evolution of charging processes. Additionally, the application of ergodicity is used to determine stationary charge distributions in the case of bipolar charging in finite state-space Markov processes.
JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Operations Research & Management Science
Michele Leonardo Bianchi, Asmerilda Hitaj, Gian Luca Tassinari
Summary: In this paper, we review the extensive literature on continuous-time multivariate non-Gaussian models based on Levy processes in finance in recent years. The empirical motivation and underlying ideas of each approach are explained. The models are studied with a focus on the parsimony of parameters, the properties of the dependence structure, and computational tractability. The main features of each parametric class, such as the characteristic function, marginal moments, and covariances, are analyzed. Additionally, methods proposed in the literature for calibrating these models on time-series data are surveyed, considering practical applications and potential numerical issues. Furthermore, an empirical analysis on a five-dimensional series of stock index log-returns is conducted to assess differences between models.
ANNALS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Yanling Chang, Alfredo Garcia, Zhide Wang, Lu Sun
Summary: This article discusses the (inverse) structural estimation of POMDPs based on observable sequences and implemented actions. The structural properties of an entropy regularized POMDP are analyzed, and conditions for model identifiability without knowledge of state dynamics are specified. A soft policy gradient algorithm is used to compute a maximum likelihood estimator, and an equipment replacement problem is used as an illustration.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Sarah E. Marzen, James P. Crutchfield
Summary: This paper proposes new methods for inferring, predicting, and estimating continuous-time discrete-event processes. The methods are based on an extension of Bayesian structural inference and utilize the universal approximation power of neural networks. Experimental results on complex synthetic data demonstrate that these methods are competitive with the state-of-the-art for prediction and entropy-rate estimation.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Andreas Dechant
Summary: In this study, we investigate the problem of minimizing the entropy production for a physical process described by Markov jump dynamics. We find that, without any additional constraints, a given time-evolution can be realized with arbitrarily small entropy production at the expense of diverging activity. However, when the activity is fixed, the dynamics that minimizes the entropy production is driven by conservative forces. Moreover, we express the value of the minimum entropy production in terms of the graph-distance based Wasserstein distance between the initial and final configuration, which introduces a new type of speed limit relating dissipation, the average number of transitions, and the Wasserstein distance. We also demonstrate our findings using simple state networks, a time-dependent pump, and spin flips in the Ising model.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS A-MATHEMATICAL AND THEORETICAL
(2022)
Article
Economics
Thomas Nagler, Daniel Krueger, Aleksey Min
Summary: This paper introduces a graphical model using vine copulas to capture both types of dependence in multivariate time series, i.e., across variables and across time points. The maximal class of graph structures that ensure stationarity under the condition of translation invariance is derived. The paper proposes efficient methods for estimation, simulation, prediction, and uncertainty quantification, and verifies their validity through asymptotic results and simulations. The new model class demonstrates excellent forecast performance in predicting the returns of a portfolio of 20 stocks and is accompanied by open source software implementation.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMETRICS
(2022)
Article
Operations Research & Management Science
Eugene A. Feinberg, Manasa Mandava, Albert N. Shiryaev
Summary: Research shows that in continuous-time jump Markov decision processes, the marginal distributions are equal if the corresponding Markov policy defines a nonexplosive jump Markov process. If the Markov process is explosive, the marginal probability at each time instance does not exceed that of the original policy. Additionally, for continuous-time jump Markov decision processes, there exists a Markov policy with the same or better value of the objective function for every policy when the initial state distribution is fixed.
MATHEMATICS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Economics
Mikkel Bennedsen, Asger Lunde, Neil Shephard, Almut E. D. Veraart
Summary: This paper develops likelihood-based methods for estimation, inference, model selection, and forecasting of continuous-time integer-valued trawl processes. The full likelihood of integer-valued trawl processes is highly intractable, so a pairwise likelihood approach is used instead. The estimator obtained by maximizing the pairwise likelihood is shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal. The methods are also applied to financial bid-ask spread data, demonstrating the importance of carefully modeling the marginal distribution and autocorrelation structure.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMETRICS
(2023)
Article
Statistics & Probability
Jean-Marc Bardet, Paul Doukhan, Olivier Wintenberger
Summary: This paper extends the kernel-based estimation method to infinite-memory process models and proves the consistency and normality of the estimators. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the estimators on both simulated and real data sets.
STOCHASTIC PROCESSES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Luca Laurenti, Morteza Lahijanian, Alessandro Abate, Luca Cardelli, Marta Kwiatkowska
Summary: Stochastic processes are important for modeling real-world systems, but formal analysis of continuous-time processes is challenging. This article presents a theoretical framework and computational method for switched diffusions to ensure safety.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AUTOMATIC CONTROL
(2021)