Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Cherrie H. T. Kong, Mark B. Cannell
Summary: Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling relies on Ca2+ release from intracellular stores triggered by L-type Ca2+ channels. Our study found that voltage changes and channel gating stochasticity can lead to variability in Ca2+ spark timing, but the Ca2+ transient wavefronts remain remarkably consistent. Experimental and computational modeling showed that there may be 4 Ca2+ spark initiating complexes per couplon, which decreases spark latency and increases spark probability.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Anatoli Y. Kabakov, Elif Sengun, Yichun Lu, Karim Roder, Peter Bronk, Brett Baggett, Niluefer N. Turan, Karni S. Moshal, Gideon Koren
Summary: The study found that 3-week-old rabbit ventricular cardiomyocytes can serve as a low-cost alternative to the adult-rabbit-cardiomyocytes system, displaying action potential duration and calcium transients similar to adult rabbit cardiomyocytes.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chien-Wen S. Kuo, Sara Dobi, Caglar Goek, Ana Da Silva Costa, Alice Main, Olivia Robertson-Gray, Daniel Baptista-Hon, Krzysztof J. Wypijewski, Hannah Costello, Tim G. Hales, Niall MacQuaide, Godfrey L. Smith, William Fuller
Summary: The α1C subunit of L-type Ca2+ channels, responsible for transmembrane Ca2+ fluxes, undergoes reversible palmitoylation in rat, rabbit, and human ventricular myocytes. The sites of palmitoylation are found in the N terminus and the linker between domains I and II of the channel. Unpalmitoylated α1C subunit leads to reduced voltage sensitivity of Ca2+ channels.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Doa'a G. F. Al-U'datt, Carole C. Tranchant, Belal Al-Husein, Roddy Hiram, Ahmed Al-Dwairi, Mohammad AlQudah, Othman Al-shboul, Saied Jaradat, Jenan Alqbelat, Ali Almajwal
Summary: In this study, the role of TG1 and TG2 in mediating fibrotic signalling, collagen cross-linking, and cell proliferation in healthy fibroblasts was investigated. The results suggest that TG1 plays a crucial role in regulating collagen cross-linking and cell proliferation, while TG2 is involved in fibroblast proliferation and cell apoptosis. These findings provide important evidence for the development of potential targets in cardiac fibrosis therapy.
Article
Biology
Xueyong Wang, Murad Nawaz, Chris DuPont, Jessica H. Myers, Steve Ra Burke, Roger A. Bannister, Brent D. Foy, Andrew A. Voss, Mark M. Rich
Summary: Excitation-contraction coupling is the process of converting electrical excitation of muscle into force generation. Depolarization of skeletal muscle can lead to failure of ECC, specifically the failure to generate calcium transients. Different AP properties, such as AP peak and AP integral, play important roles in different steps of ECC, including AP conduction and calcium release.
Review
Physiology
Walter C. Thompson, Paul H. Goldspink
Summary: This review focuses on the crucial role of 14-3-3 proteins in regulating excitation-contraction coupling in muscle, highlighting the need for further investigation into their mechanistic actions in force generation.
PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ahmed Sultan, Muhammad Anwar Qureshi, Frank Christopher Howarth
Summary: Obesity is a major risk factor for diabetes, which can lead to cardiovascular complications including electromechanical dysfunction in the heart. This study found that the effects of Isoprenaline, a medication used to treat certain heart conditions, on ventricular myocyte shortening were diminished in obese and diabetic obese rats compared to lean rats. These findings suggest that abnormalities in Ca2+ signaling and SR Ca2+ transport may contribute to the decreased effectiveness of Isoprenaline in obesity and diabesity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anastasia Khokhlova, Tatiana Myachina, Xenia Butova, Denis Volzhaninov, Valentina Berg, Anastasia Kochurova, Daniil Kuznetsov, Elena Mukhlynina, Galina Kopylova, Daniil Shchepkin
Summary: Estrogen deficiency has differential effects on the contractility of single cardiomyocytes in the left atrium and left ventricle, possibly through alterations in Ca2+ transient regulation and actin-myosin interaction mechanisms.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Nuria Alegret, Antonio Dominguez-Alfaro, David Mecerreyes, Maurizio Prato, Luisa Mestroni, Brisa Pena
Summary: The study shows that combining CNT with different conductive polymers has a positive impact on the growth, survival, and beating behavior of cardiac cells. NRVMs cultured on CNT-based substrates exhibit improved cellular function, especially on PEDOT/CNT substrates, which show higher beating amplitudes and a more mature cardiac phenotype.
CELL BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Jaime Balderas-Villalobos, J. M. L. Medina-Contreras, Christopher Lynch, Rajiv Kabadi, Rafael J. Ramirez, Alex Y. Tan, Karoly Kaszala, Montserrat Samso, Jose F. Huizar, Jose M. Eltit
Summary: Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are common ventricular arrhythmias that can enhance contractility acutely but lead to cardiomyopathy over time. Altered Ca2+ reuptake, as observed in PVC-CM, may contribute to contractile dysfunction. Study findings suggest delayed Ca2+ reuptake, reduced SERCA2 activity, and altered expression and phosphorylation of SERCA2 and PLB in PVC-CM. These alterations moderately contribute to functional adaptations in PVC-CM.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephane Zaffran, Lilia Kraoua, Hager Jaouadi
Summary: This review discusses the genetic etiology of cardiac diseases related to calcium mishandling, focusing on catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) as a cardiac channelopathy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) as a primary cardiomyopathy. It emphasizes that calcium-handling perturbations are the common pathophysiological mechanism despite the genetic heterogeneity of cardiac defects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biology
Rikke Birkedal, Martin Laasmaa, Jelena Branovets, Marko Vendelin
Summary: The development of the heart involves an increase in structural density and energy transfer efficiency. However, this increased density may restrict overall ATP/ADP diffusion. Disruption of this modular design in failing hearts may compromise intracellular energy transfer.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Toxicology
Joshua A. Keefe, Oliver M. Moore, Kevin S. Ho, Xander H. T. Wehrens
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive overview of the roles of Ca2+-handling proteins in healthy cardiac function and the mechanisms by which mutations in these proteins contribute to inherited arrhythmias. The major Ca2+ channels and Ca2+-sensitive regulatory proteins involved in cardiac excitation-contraction coupling are discussed, with special emphasis on the function of the RyR2 macromolecular complex. Inherited arrhythmia disorders caused by mutations in Ca2+-handling proteins are also discussed.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Fatemeh Kermani, Matias Mosqueira, Kyra Peters, Enrico D. D. Lemma, Kleopatra Rapti, Dirk Grimm, Martin Bastmeyer, Magdalena Laugsch, Markus Hecker, Nina D. D. Ullrich
Summary: The prospective use of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) for cardiac regenerative medicine strongly depends on the electro-mechanical properties of these cells, especially regarding the Ca2+-dependent excitation-contraction (EC) coupling mechanism. Currently, the immature structural and functional features of hiPSC-CM limit the progression towards clinical applications. Here, we show that a specific microarchitecture is essential for functional maturation of hiPSC-CM.
BASIC RESEARCH IN CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Andriy E. Belevych, Vladimir Bogdanov, Dmitry A. Terentyev, Sandor Gyorke
Summary: Muscarinic receptors in cardiac myocytes play a critical role in regulating heart function by influencing Ca2+ handling. Reduced t-tubule density increases the sensitivity of Ca2+ release and propagation to muscarinic receptor inhibition.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
