Review
Fisheries
Pablo Contreras, Mauricio Zamorano, Patricio Ulloa-Rodriguez, Jorge F. Beltran, Jennie Risopatron, Elias Figueroa, Ivan Valdebenito, Jorge G. Farias
Summary: The study focuses on the diversity of sperm nuclear basic proteins in fish during spermiogenesis, showing the current state of chromatin reorganization and the evolution and phylogenetic distribution of these proteins in fish sperm.
REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Nihan Ozturk, Temuujin Dansranjavin, Sabrina Gies, Damien Calay, Shanjid Shiplu, Catherine Creppe, Jan Hendrickx, Undraga Schagdarsurengin
Summary: The genome-wide distribution of the heterochromatic marker H4K20me3 was analyzed in human sperm and somatic cells, revealing similar patterns of enrichment in distal intergenic regions and repetitive gene clusters. H4K20me3-free nucleosomes were more common in genic regions and associated with genes encoding developmental factors. The evidence suggests that paternally transmitted histones may serve a dual purpose of maintaining heterochromatin and guiding transcription of euchromatin.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chao Huang, Huan Gong, Bin Mu, Xinting Lan, Chengcheng Yang, Jinlong Tan, Wentao Liu, Yuanfeng Zou, Lixia Li, Bin Feng, Xia He, Qihui Luo, Zhengli Chen
Summary: The barrier-to-autointegration factor-like protein (BAF-L) plays an important role in spermiogenesis and spermatozoal function. Its genetic deletion in mice impairs spermiogenesis and male fertility, and reduced testicular expression of BAF-L is a risk factor for human male infertility.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Samuel S. Porter, Jennifer C. Liddle, Kristen Browne, Diana Pastrana, Benjamin A. Garcia, Christopher B. Buck, Matthew D. Weitzman, Alison A. McBride
Summary: Papillomaviruses package their genomes with host histones into virions, with specific histone modifications being acquired late in infection that benefit viral replication and gene expression. The viral minichromosome is enriched in posttranslational modifications associated with active chromatin, potentially aiding in evasion of detection and promoting early infection stages.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kenneth Wu, Namrita Dhillon, Kelvin Du, Rohinton T. Kamakaka
Summary: Gene silencing in budding yeast is maintained by unacetylated nucleosomes and requires 50% to 75% acetylation for activation. The Sir4 gene is a key component in maintaining gene silencing, with even a two-fold reduction in acetyltransferases potentially leading to transcriptional silence.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Brandon Signal, Thalia Gabriela Perez Suarez, Phillippa C. Taberlay, Adele Woodhouse
Summary: Different cell types in the brain have distinct roles in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Epigenetic mechanisms can explain the genetic and environmental factors associated with AD, but analyzing purified cell populations or single cells is necessary. Studies have revealed that different cell types contribute and react differently to AD progression through epigenetic alterations.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Ryan B. Mcmillan, Hilary Bediako, Luka M. Devenica, Alejandra Velasquez, Isabel P. Hardy, Yuxing E. Ma, Donna M. Roscoe, Ashley R. Carter
Summary: DNA in sperm undergoes extreme compaction and reorganization by protamine proteins, forming a series of toroidal structures. Protamine binds and bends DNA into loops and flowers, which then collapse into loop stacks. This mechanism allows protamine to quickly fold the DNA.
BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel Desaulniers, Gu Zhou, Andrew Stalker, Cathy Cummings-Lorbetskie
Summary: This study compares the in vitro toxicity of nine data-poor chemicals to structurally related chemicals and positive DNA damage inducers, aiming to prioritize chemicals for future study and mitigate chemical hazards.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Sultan Alanazi, Fabio Rabelo Melo, Gunnar Pejler
Summary: This study reveals the significant role of tryptase in core histone processing and epigenetic modification in human mast cell leukemia cells, where inhibition of tryptase can reverse the effects of cell death on these modifications. The presence of tryptase in the nucleus suggests its involvement in regulating nuclear events and controlling cell proliferation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Naixin Wang, Weiwei Wang, Xiaoqi Wang, Ge Mang, Jianfeng Chen, Xiangyu Yan, Zhonghua Tong, Qiannan Yang, Mengdi Wang, Liangqi Chen, Ping Sun, Yupeng Yang, Jingxuan Cui, Mian Yang, Yafei Zhang, Dongni Wang, Jian Wu, Maomao Zhang, Bo Yu
Summary: Histone lactylation promotes early remote activation of reparative transcriptional response in monocytes, which is essential for establishing immune homeostasis and timely activation of the cardiac repair process post-MI.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucia Lopez-Gil, Amparo Pascual-Ahuir, Markus Proft
Summary: This scientific review highlights the central importance of genomic instability in the aging process and explores the cellular and molecular changes associated with aging, as well as the genetic and epigenetic alterations that contribute to genomic instability.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Paul B. Talbert, Steven Henikoff
Summary: Eukaryotic nucleosomes are organized by histones, with common histones deposited during S-phase and histone variants available throughout the cell cycle. Variants alter nucleosome structure and function, playing specialized roles in DNA repair, chromosome segregation, and transcriptional regulation.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Roman Hillje, Lucilla Luzi, Stefano Amatori, Giuseppe Persico, Francesca Casciaro, Martina Rusin, Mirco Fanelli, Piergiuseppe Pelicci, Marco Giorgio
Summary: By comparing the age profiles of histone H3 modifications in the livers of healthy mice, we observed a global redistribution of histone H3 modifications with time, especially in intergenic regions and near transcription start sites, as well as changes in the correlation between different histone modifications. Additionally, we found that caloric restriction diet can reduce the extent of these changes.
Article
Cell Biology
Jordi Ribas-Maynou, Estela Garcia-Bonavila, Carlos O. Hidalgo, Jaime Catalan, Jordi Miro, Marc Yeste
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the resilience of sperm DNA to decondensation in various eutherian mammals, and found that longer incubations in lysis solution including proteinase K led to higher DNA decondensation in porcine and bovine sperm. In species with both P1 and P2 protamines, the incubation time had no impact on DNA decondensation.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Julie E. Bolding, Alexander L. Nielsen, Iben Jensen, Tobias N. Hansen, Line A. Ryberg, Samuel T. Jameson, Pernille Harris, Guenther H. J. Peters, John M. Denu, Joseph M. Rogers, Christian A. Olsen
Summary: Sirtuins are a group of proteins that play important roles in regulating gene expression and metabolism in humans. Among the seven isoforms, SIRT7 has been less studied, but this study reveals its specific functions in the nucleus and nucleolus, as well as compounds that modulate its activity.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siarhei A. Dabravolski, Victoria A. Khotina, Vasily N. Sukhorukov, Vladislav A. Kalmykov, Liudmila M. Mikhaleva, Alexander N. Orekhov
Summary: mtDNA mutations play a role in cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease and hypertension. Maternally inherited mitochondrial CVD is caused by specific mutations in mtDNA. Recent studies suggest a link between mtDNA mutations and Brugada syndrome and ischemic stroke.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siarhei A. Dabravolski, Victoria A. Khotina, Andrey V. Omelchenko, Vladislav A. Kalmykov, Alexander N. Orekhov
Summary: The VEGF family plays a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases, and has the potential to be targeted for treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ewen Mullins, Jean-Louis Bresson, Tamas Dalmay, Ian Crawford Dewhurst, Michelle M. Epstein, Leslie George Firbank, Philippe Guerche, Jan Hejatko, Francisco Javier Moreno, Hanspeter Naegeli, Fabien Nogue, Nils Rostoks, Jose Juan Sanchez Serrano, Giovanni Savoini, Eve Veromann, Fabio Veronesi, Antonio Fernandez, Andrea Gennaro, Jose Angel Gomez Ruiz, Paolo Lenzi, Ana Martin Camargo, Aleksandra Lewandowska, Pietro Piffanelli, Tommaso Raffaello
Summary: The genetically modified oilseed rape GT73 has been assessed for its safety in terms of food, human and animal health, and environment. The assessment concluded that there are no biologically relevant differences in compositional, agronomic and phenotypic characteristics compared to the conventional counterpart, except for the newly expressed proteins. The presence of these proteins does not raise safety concerns. Therefore, the consumption of oilseed rape GT73 is considered safe and no post-market monitoring is required.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ewen Mullins, Jean-Louis Bresson, Tamas Dalmay, Ian Crawford Dewhurst, Michelle M. Epstein, Leslie George Firbank, Philippe Guerche, Jan Hejatko, Francisco Javier Moreno, Hanspeter Naegeli, Fabien Nogue, Nils Rostoks, Jose Juan Sanchez Serrano, Giovanni Savoini, Eve Veromann, Fabio Veronesi, Ana M. Camargo, Tilemachos Goumperis, Aleksandra Lewandowska, Tommaso Raffaello, Franz Streissl
Summary: The Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms of the European Food Safety Authority evaluated the data submitted by Bayer CropScience LP for the renewal application of insect-resistant genetically modified soybean MON 87701. They found no evidence in the renewal application for new hazards, modified exposure or scientific uncertainties that would change the conclusions of the original risk assessment.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ewen Mullins, Jean-Louis Bresson, Tamas Dalmay, Ian Crawford Dewhurst, Michelle M. Epstein, Leslie George Firbank, Philippe Guerche, Jan Hejatko, Francisco Javier Moreno, Hanspeter Naegeli, Fabien Nogue, Nils Rostoks, Jose Juan Sanchez Serrano, Giovanni Savoini, Eve Veromann, Fabio Veronesi, Antonio Fernandez Dumont, Michele Ardizzone
Summary: EFSA conducts risk assessment of genetically modified plants for food and feed uses under Regulation (EU) No 503/2013. Estimating animal dietary exposure to newly expressed proteins is vital for the risk assessment of genetically modified feeds. This statement provides guidance on reporting the information applicants need to provide on animal dietary exposure, including proper feed consumption and concentration data, and also presents an Excel calculator for consistent presentation of exposure estimates.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ewen Mullins, Jean-Louis Bresson, Tamas Dalmay, Ian Crawford Dewhurst, Michelle M. Epstein, Leslie George Firbank, Philippe Guerche, Jan Hejatko, Francisco Javier Moreno, Hanspeter Naegeli, Fabien Nogue, Nils Rostoks, Jose Juan Sanchez Serrano, Giovanni Savoini, Eve Veromann, Fabio Veronesi, Michele Ardizzone, Giacomo De Sanctis, Silvia Federici, Antonio Fernandez Dumont, Andrea Gennaro, Jose Angel Gomez Ruiz, Tilemachos Goumperis, Anna Lanzoni, Paolo Lenzi, Aleksandra Lewandowska, Ana Martin Camargo, Franco Maria Neri, Nikoletta Papadopoulou, Konstantinos Paraskevopoulos, Tommaso Raffaello
Summary: Genetically modified maize MON 87419 was developed to tolerate certain herbicides, and its safety in terms of food/feed consumption and environmental impact has been assessed. The analyses show that there are no significant differences between MON 87419 and conventional maize, and the levels of arginine and protein do not raise any safety or nutritional concerns. The expressed proteins in MON 87419 do not pose any toxic or allergenic risks. Overall, MON 87419 is considered as safe as its conventional counterpart and non-GM maize varieties.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siarhei A. Dabravolski, Elena R. Andreeva, Ilya I. Eremin, Alexander M. Markin, Irina I. Nadelyaeva, Alexander N. Orekhov, Alexandra A. Melnichenko
Summary: Pericytes, which wrap microvascular capillaries, not only have structural function and participate in tissue regeneration, but also exhibit immune properties. They respond to pro-inflammatory stimuli and engage in innate immune responses through pattern-recognition receptors. Pericytes also regulate immune cell trafficking across vessel walls by expressing various adhesion molecules. Furthermore, pericytes play a role in modulating adaptive immunity. Interaction between pericytes and cancer cells leads to immunosuppression, facilitating immune evasion, cancer proliferation, and metastasis. However, this complex cross-talk offers potential therapeutic methods for cancer immunotherapy and treatment of autoimmune and auto-inflammatory disorders.
Review
Horticulture
Siarhei A. A. Dabravolski, Stanislav V. V. Isayenkov
Summary: GABA is a non-protein amino acid that accumulates in plants in response to environmental stress. Increasing GABA levels can enhance plant tolerance to stress by reducing ROS levels, enhancing membrane stability, and modulating phytohormones cross-talk. However, the molecular mechanisms of GABA regulation and its physiological functions in plants remain unclear. This review focuses on recent studies that explore the role of genetic manipulation and exogenous application of GABA in improving tolerance to salt stress, as well as the role of GABA in ion homeostasis under high-salinity conditions.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siarhei A. Dabravolski, Vasily N. Sukhorukov, Alexandra A. Melnichenko, Victoria A. Khotina, Alexander N. Orekhov
Summary: This review discusses the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and lipid-lowering properties of plant-derived essential oils (EOs) and examines their mechanisms of action. It also explores recent clinical trials investigating the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities of EOs. Future research on EOs has the potential to discover new bioactive compounds and develop effective agents for the treatment of atherosclerosis and related diseases such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and obesity.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siarhei A. Dabravolski, Vasily N. Sukhorukov, Alexandra A. Melnichenko, Victoria A. Khotina, Alexander N. Orekhov
Summary: Atherosclerosis is the main cause of cardiovascular disease-related deaths worldwide. Oligosaccharides have various biomedical applications and can be used to slow down the progression of atherosclerosis.
Review
Plant Sciences
Siarhei A. Dabravolski, Stanislav V. Isayenkov
Summary: Aluminium toxicity and phosphorus deficiency are major interconnected problems in modern agriculture. The ALMT family of membrane proteins in plants have been extensively studied for their physiological functions, such as tolerance to Al3+ and regulation of stomatal movement. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the current knowledge on ALMT proteins, their involvement in various physiological processes, and the regulatory mechanisms. The authors also present new insights into the molecular evolution of ALMT proteins and propose future research directions.
Review
Plant Sciences
Siarhei A. A. Dabravolski, Stanislav V. V. Isayenkov
Summary: Drought and salinity have negative effects on plant growth and productivity, but the anthocyanin biosynthesis system can activate plant stress-tolerance mechanisms and enhance drought and salt tolerance. This review focuses on the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of anthocyanins in acquired tolerance to drought and salt stresses, as well as the role of abscisic acid and abscisic-acid-miRNA156 in regulating drought-induced anthocyanin production. Additionally, it summarizes the research progress on transcription factors involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis and the development of salt and drought tolerance. Finally, the recent progress in using modern gene manipulation technologies to develop anthocyanin-enriched plants with enhanced tolerance to drought and salt stresses is discussed.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siarhei A. Dabravolski, Vasily N. Sukhorukov, Alexandra A. Melnichenko, Victoria A. Khotina, Alexander N. Orekhov
Summary: Selenium is a vital trace element necessary for metabolic processes, protection against oxidative stress, and cardiovascular system functioning. Deficiency in selenium has been linked to various cardiovascular diseases including Keshan's disease, heart failure, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, and atherosclerosis. Through selenoenzymes and selenoproteins, selenium is involved in important processes such as regulation of redox homeostasis, oxidative stress, calcium flux, and thyroid hormone metabolism; an imbalance in selenium supply may disrupt these processes.
Review
Plant Sciences
Siarhei A. Dabravolski, Stanislav Isayenkov
Summary: Plant vacuoles are important for K+ storage, and vacuolar K+ channels, especially the Two Pore Potassium Channels (TPKs), play a key role in K+ exchange. TPKs are highly selective K+ channels in plant vacuoles and may be involved in plant stress responses and development. However, the functional properties and physiological roles of TPKs are still not well explored.
FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ewen Mullins, Jean-Louis Bresson, Tamas Dalmay, Ian Crawford Dewhurst, Michelle M. Epstein, Leslie George Firbank, Philippe Guerche, Jan Hejatko, Francisco Javier Moreno, Hanspeter Naegeli, Fabien Nogue, Nils Rostoks, Jose Juan Sanchez Serrano, Giovanni Savoini, Eve Veromann, Fabio Veronesi, Ana Martin Camargo, Tilemachos Goumperis, Dafni Maria Kagkli, Paolo Lenzi, Aleksandra Lewandowska, Tommaso Raffaello, Franz Streissl
Summary: This study assessed the data submitted in the renewal application for the insect-resistant genetically modified maize MIR162. The evaluation found no evidence of new risks, modified exposure, or scientific uncertainties that would alter the conclusions of the original risk assessment for maize MIR162.
