Article
Environmental Sciences
Bobby G. Duersch, Yanqi Luo, Si Chen, Steven A. Soini, Dawn M. Raja Somu, Vivian M. Merk
Summary: This study used state-of-the-art X-ray nanofluorescence imaging to quantitatively map and distribute macro- and micronutrients in the freshwater cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa. The study found that phosphorus and potassium were colocalized as discrete semicircular hotspots, while calcium and copper concentrations were elevated along the division plane of cells. This X-ray imaging technique provides a better understanding of intracellular biochemical processes in cyanobacteria, aiding in monitoring and combating emerging environmental threats.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander P. Morrell, Richard A. Martin, Helen M. Roberts, Hiram Castillo-Michel, J. Frederick W. Mosselmans, Kalotina Geraki, Adrian T. Warfield, Paul Lingor, Wasif Qayyum, Daniel Graf, Maria Febbraio, Owen Addison
Summary: Exposure to exogenous particles is a growing concern for human health. To understand the associated biological response, it is important to characterize the concentrations, chemical species, distribution, and involvement of the stimulus with the tissue microanatomy. However, no single imaging technique can capture all these features at once, which limits correlative analyses. Developing synchronous imaging strategies that can identify multiple features simultaneously is crucial for assessing spatial relationships with greater confidence.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Vijay Kumar Garg, Ankush Tanta, Arun Lal Srivastav, M. K. Tiwari, Ajay Sharma, Varinder Singh Kanwar
Summary: Pollutants released from pharmaceutical, steel, paper, and battery industries into water cause irreparable damage to the biotic system by entering the natural ecosystems and human food chain. Monitoring and determining heavy metal levels in water are crucial for human beings. In this study, TXRF spectrometry technique was used to assess the contaminant levels in water samples from an industrial area. The elemental concentrations were compared to the guidelines from WHO and BIS, and water quality parameters were assessed. The results showed that some water samples were unfit for drinking with high levels of lead and other heavy metals.
WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Cyril Besnard, Ali Marie, Sisini Sasidharan, Petr Bucek, Jessica M. Walker, Julia E. Parker, Matthew C. Spink, Robert A. Harper, Shashidhara Marathe, Kaz Wanelik, Thomas E. J. Moxham, Enrico Salvati, Konstantin Ignatyev, Michal M. Klosowski, Richard M. Shelton, Gabriel Landini, Alexander M. Korsunsky
Summary: Insufficient understanding of dental caries hinders effective prevention or minimally invasive treatment. This study demonstrates the strength of analytical methods using a correlative technique to compare regions in dental enamel, providing insights into the chemical and structural modifications in carious enamel.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Colin Banyon, Matthew J. Montgomery, Hyunguk Kwon, Alan L. Kastengren, Lisa D. Pfefferle, Travis Sikes, Yuan Xuan, Charles S. McEnally, Robert S. Tranter
Summary: This study presents high-fidelity temperature field measurements of heavily-sooting ethylene/air flames using x-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurements. The challenges faced by conventional optical diagnostics have been overcome by implementing the XRF method with a fluorescent agent. The results demonstrate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of this method in accurately interpreting the experimental signals.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Vitaly Panchuk, Yuriy Petrov, Valentin Semenov, Dmitry Kirsanov
Summary: Quantitative analysis of spent nuclear fuel is difficult due to high radioactivity, complex chemical composition and safety requirements. A novel approach based on X-ray fluorescence radiation from SNF samples induced by fission products radioactivity is proposed. The complex spectra can be effectively analyzed through chemometric data processing for quantification of elements. The approach has been validated for direct analysis of U, Zr and Mo in SNF raffinate.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
A. Rakotondrajoa, M. Radtke
Summary: This study utilized artificial neural networks (ANNs) for quantifying x-ray fluorescence measurements, using Monte Carlo simulation to generate training data and demonstrating the ability to generate additional data through ANN. Emphasis was placed on comparing simulated and experimental data comparability and reducing the influence of deviations, while also describing the search for optimal hyperparameters.
MACHINE LEARNING-SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Adrian Frydrych, Kamil Jurowski
Summary: Elemental analysis using the ppXRF (portable XRF) spectrometer is a non-destructive, rapid, green, and low-cost method suitable for different types of samples. It has promising applications in food product analysis, providing speed, convenience, and precision for low-persistence samples. This critical review assesses the available studies on the analytical aspects of pXRF, such as calibration strategies, LOD, LOQ, linearity, etc., and suggests solutions to improve the quality and reliability of future food research using pXRF.
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Spectroscopy
A. S. Bharti, S. Sharma, A. K. Singh, M. K. Tiwari, K. N. Uttam
Summary: The paper discusses the elemental composition of leafy vegetables using synchrotron-radiation-induced energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy technique. Different leafy vegetables like dill, fenugreek, mustard, and chenopodium were analyzed for their elemental content, showing varying concentrations of potassium, calcium, manganese, iron, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, and selenium in each vegetable. Chenopodium leaves were found to be a rich source of potassium, while mustard and chenopodium leaves were abundant in calcium, and dill and fenugreek leaves contained higher levels of trace elements.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Lisa Magdalena Rossbach, Dag Anders Brede, Gert Nuyts, Simone Cagno, Ragni Maria Skjervold Olsson, Deborah Helen Oughton, Gerald Falkenberg, Koen Janssens, Ole Christian Lind
Summary: A combination of techniques was used to study the uptake, biodistribution, and adverse effects of Ce nanoparticles and Ce(NO3)3 in Caenorhabditis elegans. The results showed that Ce uptake occurred in the alimentary canal and translocation was confined to specific regions. Ce(NO3)3 exposure caused significant effects on growth, fertility, and reproduction, while CeO2NP-induced deformities did not impair feeding ability. The study highlights the importance of sub-micron resolution SR-based XRF elemental mapping for robust toxicological evaluation.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
H. N. Chapman, S. Bajt
Summary: This study examines achromatic focusing systems for hard X-rays, consisting of a refractive lens paired with a diffractive lens. It takes into account the behavior of thick refractive lenses, such as compound refractive lenses and waveguide gradient index refractive lenses, to achieve high focusing resolution and relative bandwidth. The systems can be used for high-flux scanning microscopy and creating high intensities from attosecond X-ray pulses.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xueying L. Quinn, Rishi E. Kumar, Moses Kodur, Deniz N. Cakan, Zhonghou Cai, Tao Zhou, Martin V. Holt, David P. Fenning
Summary: Europium as a B-site additive in CsPbBr3 perovskite crystals reduces microstrain, improves photoluminescence yield, and enhances X-ray hardness. Despite variations in the degree of europium incorporation locally, the findings show promise for europium as an additive in perovskite optoelectronic devices.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Federico Serrano-Sanchez, Jose Luis Martinez, Francois Fauth, Jose Antonio Alonso
Summary: Rare-earth nickelates are electron-correlated perovskite materials with complex phase diagrams, undergoing metal-insulator transitions as a function of temperature and rare-earth ion size. EuNiO3 and GdNiO3 exhibit orthorhombic superstructures of perovskite across a wide temperature range, with abrupt evolution of unit-cell parameters upon metallization. Additionally, EuNiO3 shows magnetoelastic coupling behavior and GdNiO3 demonstrates clear antiferromagnetic ordering characteristics.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhifeng Zhang, Andrew G. Walsh, Peng Zhang
Summary: This perspective explores the dynamic structure of metal nanoclusters uncovered by synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and its impact on their properties. Unique XAS techniques are illustrated as useful tools to capture the structural and property changes of MNCs in differing conditions. Key findings concerning the structures and properties of representative MNCs are discussed, with future perspectives for challenges and advanced structural analyses of these materials presented.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Richard Ortega, Stephane Roudeau, Asuncion Carmona
Summary: This article presents a correlative nano-imaging method that combines metal and protein detection to study the role of metals in synaptic functions. The method uses stimulated emission depletion microscopy to locate fluorescently labeled proteins and synchrotron radiation induced X-ray fluorescence to analyze the distribution of metals in synaptic compartments. It provides a proof-of-principle for imaging metals and proteins at the synaptic scale.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS
(2022)
