Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Qian Gao, Pinduan Bi, Qili Mi, Ying Guan, Jiarui Jiang, Xuemei Li, Bin Yang
Summary: Gallstones are caused by cholesterol supersaturation and/or deficiency in bile salts in the biliary system. Nicotine treatment did not affect the formation of cholesterol gallstones in mice. However, it significantly reduced cholesterol levels and altered gene expression related to bile acid and cholesterol metabolism.
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Lisette Sandoval, Luz M. Fuentealba, Maria-Paz Marzolo
Summary: Megalin is the primary receptor for the re-absorption of low molecular weight proteins in the proximal renal tubule. Its function depends on its endosomal trafficking. Lowe Syndrome (LS) is an X-linked disease characterized by altered megalin recycling and accumulation in endosomal compartments. Silencing OCRL1 or APPL1 reduces megalin cell surface levels and secretion of the receptor's ectodomain. Insulin signaling regulates megalin phosphorylation and may have a protective role in LS.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ony Araujo Galdino, Iago de Souza Gomes, Renato Ferreira de Almeida Junior, Maria Imaculada Conceicao Ferreira de Carvalho, Bento Joao Abreu, Marcela Abbott Galvao Ururahy, Barbara Cabral, Silvana Maria Zucolotto Langassner, Karla Simone Costa de Souza, Adriana Augusto de Rezende
Summary: This study evaluated the therapeutic effect of Passiflora edulis fruit peel extract as an adjuvant to insulin in protecting against diabetic kidney disease. The combination of insulin and AFA extract showed improved glycemic control and prevented protein loss from the kidney tissue into the urine, leading to reduced albumin/creatinine ratio and maintenance of normal kidney function and structure.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Yongqiang Ma, Zhi Tan, Qiang Li, Wenling Fan, Guangshun Chen, Yangyang Bin, Yi Zhou, Junfang Yi, Xiaohua Luo, Jieqiong Tan, Zhongzhou Si, Jiequn Li
Summary: By comparing liver gene expression between FXR knockout mice and MAFLD patients, this study identified new pathogenic pathways and target genes, shedding light on the pathogenesis of MAFLD. These findings may provide new insights into the pathophysiology of MAFLD and offer novel therapeutic targets for the future.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Hernan Trimarchi, Monica Ceol, Lisa Gianesello, Giovanna Priante, Alejandro Iotti, Dorella Del Prete
Summary: Fabry disease is an X-linked genetic disorder caused by mutations in alpha-galactosidase A, leading to enzyme accumulation and cell dysfunction, particularly in kidney cells. Reduced expression of certain molecules in podocytes and kidney proximal tubular cells may contribute to proteinuria and other symptoms of the disease.
JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Minxia Zuo, Cheng Meng, Qian Song, Zhongai Gao, Xiao Cui, Jingyu Wang, Yongmei Li, Xiaochen Li, Chunyan Shan, Juhong Yang, Baocheng Chang
Summary: This study found that patients with diabetic ketosis may experience kidney injury, which is caused by excessive levels of ketone bodies. The mechanism underlying this injury involves the inhibition of the AKT/DAB2/megalin signaling pathway and albumin endocytosis in proximal renal tubules.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Panpan Zhai, Weigang Lv, Xiaoqing Yang, Yanjie Huang, Wensheng Zhai, Xianqing Ren, Xia Zhang, Meng Yang, Jian Zhang, Ting Guo, Minghui Bai, Yueli Yang, Ying Ding, Yanshi Huang
Summary: The study investigated the clinicopathological features and genetic mutations in patients with Dent-1 disease, specifically examining the expression of CLC-5 protein and megalin/cubilin complex in renal tissues. The results showed enhanced urinary calcium and low molecular weight proteinuria in the patients, as well as a decrease in the expression of megalin/cubilin in the brush border of proximal tubules. Despite the presence of normal CLC-5 protein expression, the reduced expression of megalin/cubilin may play a role in the pathophysiology of Dent-1 disease.
PEDIATRIC AND DEVELOPMENTAL PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Samuel K. Handelman, Yindra M. Puentes, Annapurna Kuppa, Yanhua Chen, Xiaomeng Du, Mary F. Feitosa, Nicholette D. Palmer, Elizabeth K. Speliotes
Summary: This study used genome-wide association studies and gene-set enrichment analysis to investigate pathways influencing serum lipids and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). By identifying credible genes and characterizing missense variants in these pathways, the study explored their effects on serum traits. Enriched pathways associated with NAFLD and blood lipid levels were found in both African and European populations. The findings have important implications for therapeutic development and companion diagnostics.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manuela Vitulo, Elisa Gnodi, Giulia Rosini, Raffaella Meneveri, Roberto Giovannoni, Donatella Barisani
Summary: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a highly prevalent disorder that affects about 1 billion people and can progress to more severe conditions such as cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, there is no specific drug available to reverse NAFL and prevent its progression to NASH. This review discusses various therapeutic strategies being tested for NAFLD, including newer therapies and ongoing clinical trials, focusing on the reverse cholesterol transport system, nuclear factors agonists, drugs developed for other conditions, and natural compounds with anti-inflammatory potential.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Moritz Peiseler, Robert F. Schwabe, Jochen Hampe, Paul Kubes, Mathias Heikenwaelder, Frank Tacke
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease, and the immune system plays a significant role in different stages of NAFLD, with multiple inflammatory mechanisms involved. Recent research advancements have improved our understanding of the complex heterogeneity of liver immune cell subsets.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Bryce A. Jones, Xiaoxin X. Wang, Komuraiah Myakala, Moshe Levi
Summary: Obesity and chronic kidney disease are increasingly common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Obesity has been identified as an independent cause of chronic kidney disease, known as obesity-related glomerulopathy. Pharmacologic interventions discussed include peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, the farnesoid X receptor, the Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5, and the vitamin D receptor.
SEMINARS IN NEPHROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Laurent Calvier, Joachim Herz, Georg Hansmann
Summary: LDLR family members play important roles in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) by regulating multiple pathological processes and pathways associated with PAH.
JACC-BASIC TO TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2022)