Article
Neurosciences
Hotaka Fukushima, Yue Zhang, Satoshi Kida
Summary: The study revealed that an ERK-dependent memory transition process after retrieval regulates the switch of memory phases from reconsolidation to extinction by preventing the induction of reconsolidation. This process involves distinct molecular and cellular signatures in brain regions related to fear memory, offering insights into the mechanism of memory transition.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Satoshi Kida
Summary: Memory retrieval is a dynamic process that involves reconsolidation, where retrieved memories return to a labile state and are re-stored. This discovery challenges the traditional view of memory consolidation and suggests that memory can be modified through reconsolidation. Extinction, on the other hand, weakens a conditioned fear memory through a new inhibitory learning process. In our research, we investigated the relationship between memory reconsolidation and extinction at behavioral, cellular, and molecular levels, finding that they have opposite effects on fear memory and interact with each other in a memory transition process.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shihao Huang, Yu Zhou, Feilong Wu, Cuijie Shi, He Yan, Liangpei Chen, Chang Yang, Yixiao Luo
Summary: This study found that berberine combined with extinction training can effectively promote the extinction of fear memories and prevent their reinstatement and spontaneous recovery. This finding provides a new potential avenue for the treatment of fear-related disorders.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jasmine Herszage, Marlene Bonstrup, Leonardo G. Cohen, Nitzan Censor
Summary: Abundant evidence suggests that consolidated memories can be modified after reactivation. This study explores whether motor skill memories can be modified after brief reactivations, even at the early stages of learning. The results indicate that memories formed during early learning are not susceptible to interference or enhancement within a rapid reactivation-induced time window, suggesting that reactivation-induced motor skill memory modulation may depend on longer timescales of consolidation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
C. M. B. Kwee, F. E. van der Flier, P. Duits, A. J. L. M. van Balkom, D. C. Cath, J. M. P. Baas
Summary: This study investigated the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on fear memory expression and fear re-extinction. The results showed that CBD reduced the expectation of threat during fear retention, but had no effect on fear re-extinction. However, in patients using antidepressant medication, CBD may interfere with the re-extinction of subjective fear.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Angel David Arellano Perez, Joelma Alves, Lucas de Oliveira Alvares
Summary: Previously consolidated memory can incorporate new information or emotional states after a labile state induced by retrieval. Fear memory can be updated during the dark cycle, reducing fear response. This effect is influenced by the administration of a glucocorticoid synthesis inhibitor.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eleni P. Papagianni, William G. Warren, Helen J. Cassaday, Carl W. Stevenson
Summary: Recent studies have shown that cannabidiol, a non-psychotropic component of cannabis, has potential as a treatment for anxiety-related disorders. It can prevent spontaneous fear recovery after extinction and improve extinction resistance caused by immediate extinction.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Ann-Kathrin Zenses, Frank Baeyens, Tom Beckers, Yannick Boddez
Summary: The study found that mere thinking of an aversive outcome could be successfully conditioned, and strategies to reduce such thoughts include counterconditioning. Presenting new positive outcomes also proved effective in reducing thoughts about the initial outcome. Including thinking of the aversive outcome as an additional dependent variable may enhance understanding of anxiety-related disorders and inform their treatment.
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Wei Chen, Junjiao Li, Liang Xu, Shaochen Zhao, Min Fan, Xifu Zheng
Summary: The study explored how different strengths of conditioned fear memories require varying degrees of prediction error (PE) during memory reactivation to become destabilized. It was found that a single PE retrieval may not be sufficient to disrupt enhanced fear memory, and increasing the amount of PE through different retrieval strategies is necessary for this process. The findings indicate that the degree of PE needed for memory destabilization during retrieval depends on the strength of fear memory, shedding light on the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorders and anxiety disorders.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Nicole C. Ferrara, Janine L. Kwapis, Sydney Trask
Summary: Following fear conditioning, behavior can be reduced through either multiple CS-alone presentations, known as extinction, or a few presentations with interference in subsequent memory reconsolidation. Although the procedures have similarities, the behavioral outcomes and neurobiological processes are distinct. This review explores the neural and behavioral mechanisms behind these different reductions, as well as factors determining the retrieval-dependent reconsolidation process or extinction process.
FRONTIERS IN SYNAPTIC NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Sara Scheveneels, Yannick Boddez, Dirk Hermans
Summary: Findings suggest that reduced extinction and broader generalization in fear conditioning predict higher anxiety levels, while the predictive value of acquisition for anxiety levels is mixed. Some studies show an association with extinction in predicting exposure-based treatment outcome, but the majority do not find an association with acquisition. Further research in this area with large sample sizes and transparent methodologies is recommended.
BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH AND THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Maike Hollandt, Jan Richter
Summary: Research shows that interfering with the reconsolidation of fear memories can be an effective approach to reduce clinical fears. This study aimed to investigate the effects of post-retrieval threat exposure on preventing context renewal in individuals with claustrophobic fears.
JOURNAL OF BEHAVIOR THERAPY AND EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Youjia Yu, Yan Li, Dan Han, Chuhao Gong, Liwei Wang, Beiping Li, Rui Yao, Yangzi Zhu
Summary: In this study, the effects of intraoperative and postoperative low-dose intravenous pumping dexmedetomidine on PTSD among patients with trauma undergoing emergency surgery were evaluated. A total of 310 trauma patients participated in the analysis. The results showed that the incidence of PTSD was significantly lower in the dexmedetomidine group compared to the control group, and the CAPS-5 score was also lower. Therefore, dexmedetomidine can effectively reduce the risk of PTSD in trauma patients.
Article
Neurosciences
Khadijah Shanazz, Rachael Dixon-Melvin, Rebecca Nalloor, Riya Thumar, Almira I. Vazdarjanova
Summary: According to animal experiments, there are differences in the expression of fear memories between female and male rats. Female rats tend to express fear memories through active motor responses, which is referred to as "Anxioescapic" behavior strategy. There is no significant difference in fear learning between female and male rats.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andressa Radiske, Maria Carolina Gonzalez, Diana A. Noga, Janine Rossato, Lia R. M. Bevilaqua, Martin Cammarota
Summary: Research on adult male Wistar rats showed that different subunits of NMDARs in the hippocampus play distinct roles in the stability and destabilization of extinction memory. GluN2B-containing NMDARs are necessary for extinction memory destabilization, while GluN2A-containing NMDARs are involved in its restabilization. Pharmacological modulation of these receptor subtypes around the time of extinction memory recall may regulate the dominance of extinction memory over the original memory trace.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Psychology, Biological
Robert W. Levenson
Summary: This article describes the development of paradigms for studying dyadic interaction in the laboratory, methods, and analytics for dealing with dyadic data. It provides research findings from the author and others, with a particular focus on dyadic measures of linkage or synchrony in physiology, expressive behavior, and subjective affective experience.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Thomas M. Olino, Matthew Mattoni
Summary: This study examined brain function in offspring of mothers with and without depression using monetary and social reward tasks. The results showed no significant differences in task activation and functional connectivity between the two groups. The study discussed the possibility of developmental timing in finding differences.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2024)