Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Matheus de Castro Leao, Adriana Raffin Pohlmann, Aline de Cristo Soares Alves, Sandra Helena Poliselli Farsky, Mayara Klimuk Uchiyama, Koiti Araki, Silvana Sandri, Silvia Staniscuaski Guterres, Inar Alves Castro
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory condition related to cardiovascular diseases. Anti-inflammatory drug therapies have shown to reduce cardiovascular mortality but increase susceptibility to infections. Using lipid-core nanocapsules with DHA as a core and anti-PECAM-1 on the surface may offer a potential treatment option for atherosclerotic plaques.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Silvere D. Zaongo, Yanqiu Liu, Vijay Harypursat, Fangzhou Song, Huan Xia, Ping Ma, Yaokai Chen
Summary: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the only currently effective method to treat HIV-1 infection, but may be toxic to vital organs. Therefore, considering HIV-1 restriction factors from the innate immune system to explore novel therapeutic approaches is seen as a promising strategy by researchers.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nikolaos Vlachadis, Vassilios Tsamadias, Maria Siori, Nikolaos Vrachnis, Emmanuel Economou
Summary: This study investigated the possible effect of PECAM-1-C373G and P-Selectin-A37674C gene polymorphisms on unexplained spontaneous abortions. The results showed that there was no association between the PECAM-1-C373G polymorphism and miscarriages, but the P-Selectin-A37674C polymorphism was significantly associated with miscarriages in younger women. Additionally, carrying both the PECAM-1-373G and P-Selectin-37674C alleles increased the risk of miscarriage, especially in younger women and in late fetal loss.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Petra Vockova, Jan Molinsky, Magdalena Klanova, Josef Karban, Martin Spacek, Ondrej Havranek, Kristyna Kupcova, Dmitry Kazantsev, Marek Trneny, Pavel Klener
Summary: The study revealed that CD31 expression was higher in MCL patients with extranodal involvement. Modulation of CD31 expression affected the proliferation and survival of MCL cells in mice, as well as regulating the spread of cells into extranodal tissues.
LEUKEMIA & LYMPHOMA
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Siya Wu, Jian Liu, Ya Zhang, Jianxi Song, Zhongshan Zhang, Yue Yang, Mingjiang Wu, Haibin Tong
Summary: This study determined the structural characteristics of SFF-32, a fucoidan fraction from S. fusiforme, and its antagonistic effect against P-selectin mediated function. It was found that SFF-32 inhibited P-selectin-mediated function by blocking the interaction between P-selectin and its physiological ligand PSGL-1, suggesting its potential as an anti-inflammatory lead compound.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Patrick C. Hines, Michael U. Callaghan, Ahmar U. Zaidi, Xiufeng Gao, Ke Liu, Jennell White, Michael Tarasev
Summary: The study found that adhesion of blood cells to P-selectin and VCAM1 is significantly increased on VOC days in patients with SCD. By establishing optimal cutoff values and a multimarker risk score, a better ability to identify VOC risk was demonstrated.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sherwin K. B. Sy, Chiaki Tanaka, Kai Grosch
Summary: The study developed a population pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) model for crizanlizumab, a monoclonal antibody for sickle cell disease. The results showed that crizanlizumab exhibited nonlinear PK and factors such as renal and hepatic impairments, concomitant hydroxyurea usage, and anti-drug antibody did not impact its exposure. The model can be used to extrapolate PK to pediatric population and evaluate alternative regimens and routes of administration.
CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angelo Zinellu, Arduino A. Mangoni
Summary: Statins can effectively decrease circulating levels of cell adhesion molecules, including P-selectin, L-selectin, and E-selectin, which are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Research indicates that statins have a significant impact on reducing these selectins independently of baseline lipid profiles and other patient characteristics, potentially contributing to cardiovascular risk reduction.
Article
Cell Biology
Fangyuan Zhou, Fang Zhang, Veronika Zarnitsyna, Larissa Doudy, Zhou Yuan, Kaitao Li, Rodger P. McEver, Hang Lu, Cheng Zhu
Summary: Selectins and integrins play crucial roles in recruiting leukocytes to inflamed tissues. Studies have found that E- and P-selectins have different effects on the activation of α(L)β(2), with varying responses observed at different temperatures.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Basma Tarek, Julia Bruggisser, Filippo Cattalani, Horst Posthaus
Summary: Beta toxin (CPB) is a toxin produced by Clostridium perfringens type C that targets intestinal endothelial cells by interacting with the membrane protein CD31. This study confirms CD31 as the receptor of CPB on human endothelial and monocytic cells, explaining the cell type specificity of CPB observed in vitro and in vivo.
Article
Immunology
Qi Xu, Ming Shi, Lu Ding, Yu Xia, Liang Luo, Xiaofang Lu, Xiaoying Zhang, David Y. B. Deng
Summary: This study found that P-selectin induces the formation of NETs through the PSGL-1 and downstream Syk/Ca2+/PAD4 signaling pathway, playing an important role in acute pancreatitis. Inhibiting the P-selectin pathway may be a promising strategy for the treatment of AP.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Olivia Briceno, Amy Peralta-Prado, Daniela Garrido-Rodriguez, Karla Romero-Mora, Monserrat Chavez-Torres, Claudia-Alvarado de la Barrera, Gustavo Reyes-Teran, Santiago Avila-Rios
Summary: The study found that in patients with HIV infection, the expression of CD31 in T cells is associated with cell exhaustion and activation, suggesting that CD31 may be a key factor in regulating T cell responses.
IMMUNOLOGY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Danying Liao, Jesse Sundlov, Jieqing Zhu, Heng Mei, Yu Hu, Debra K. Newman, Peter J. Newman
Summary: This study investigated the impact of amino acid substitutions at interfaces between PECAM-1 molecules on homophilic binding and endothelial cell function. It was found that substitutions at key residues within the IgD1-IgD1 and IgD1-IgD2 interfaces disrupted PECAM-1 homophilic binding and downstream effector functions.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Giuseppe Sirago, Luana Toniolo, Emanuela Crea, Emiliana Giacomello
Summary: Sarcopenia, a condition that causes muscle loss and functional deficits, starts around the age of 40. A recent study showed that long-term supplementation with Resveratrol can counteract sarcopenia in mice. In a short-term treatment of middle-aged mice with Resveratrol, a decrease in muscle inflammation was observed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCES AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Shuhui Cao, Yue Wang, Jingwen Li, Xuxinyi Ling, Yao Zhang, Yan Zhou, Hua Zhong
Summary: This study identified 18 candidate DEGs from tumor and normal groups, with GO analysis showing enrichment in wound healing, response to wounding, cell migration, cell motility, and regulation of cell motility. KEGG pathway analysis revealed enrichment in proteoglycans in cancer, bladder cancer, malaria, tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in EGFR, and the ERBB signaling pathway. Survival analysis indicated that high PECAM-1 expression was associated with improved survival, and in postoperative lung cancer patients, the overall survival trended better in the high-expression group compared to the low-expression group.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Derek Sayre Andrews, Leon Aksman, Connor M. Kerns, Joshua K. Lee, Breanna M. Winder-Patel, Danielle Jenine Harvey, Einat Waizbard-Bartov, Brianna Heath, Marjorie Solomon, Sally J. Rogers, Andre Altmann, Christine Wu Nordahl, David G. Amaral
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between anxiety and amygdala development in autistic children, and finds that different forms of anxiety have different effects on the development of the amygdala, suggesting distinct biological mechanisms for these co-occurring conditions in autism.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Benjamin Aaronson, Annette Estes, Sally J. Rogers, Geraldine Dawson, Raphael Bernier
Summary: The study found that children who received ESDM intervention for two years showed significantly greater mu rhythm attenuation when observing a parent or caregiver performing a grasping action compared to observing an unfamiliar individual performing the same action. This suggests that ESDM may have a unique impact on neural circuitry related to social cognition and familiarity.
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Meagan R. Talbott, Sarah Dufek, Greg Young, Sally J. Rogers
Summary: This study investigated the feasibility of assessing infants with prodromal autism characteristics in the first year of life through telehealth. Results showed that most infants displayed high likelihood of autism spectrum disorder characteristics in social communication, communication skills, and delayed developmental milestones. Caregivers' acceptability ratings of the telehealth visits were also positive, indicating the potential for expanding access to early evaluation services for families.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Einat Waizbard-Bartov, Emilio Ferrer, Brianna Heath, Sally J. Rogers, Christine Wu Nordahl, Marjorie Solomon, David G. Amaral
Summary: The severity level of autism symptoms can change in childhood, with 27% of children experiencing a decrease, 24% experiencing an increase, and 49% remaining stable. Decreases in severity were more common in early childhood, while increases were more prominent in middle childhood. Girls were more likely to experience a decrease in symptoms than boys. Parental characteristics were found to be related to whether a child experienced a decrease or increase in severity.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sally J. Rogers, Aubyn Stahmer, Meagan Talbott, Gregory Young, Elizabeth Fuller, Melanie Pellecchia, Angela Barber, Elizabeth Griffith
Summary: The study found significant improvements in implementation fidelity for providers and parents in experimental group compared to control group, but no significant differences in child developmental scores. This suggests that the implementation model has a positive impact on fidelity, but further work is needed to improve child outcomes in parent-mediated interventions.
JOURNAL OF NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Heather K. Hughes, Megan E. Rowland, Charity E. Onore, Sally Rogers, Annie Vogel Ciernia, Paul Ashwood
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex developmental disorder characterized by deficits in social interactions, communication, and stereotypical behaviors. Immune dysfunction is a common co-morbidity seen in ASD. This study found that activation of toll-like receptors (TLR)-2 and 4 in monocytes from ASD children induced expression of immune genes differently compared to typically developing (TD) children. These findings suggest abnormal immune regulation in ASD and provide insights into the mechanisms underlying immune dysfunction in ASD.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Christine Wu Nordahl, Derek Sayre Andrews, Patrick Dwyer, Einat Waizbard-Bartov, Bibiana Restrepo, Joshua K. Lee, Brianna Heath, Clifford Saron, Susan M. Rivera, Marjorie Solomon, Paul Ashwood, David G. Amaral
Summary: Autism is a heterogeneous disorder, but identifying more homogenous subgroups can lead to a better understanding of its etiology and more targeted interventions and treatments. The Autism Phenome Project (APP) by UC Davis MIND Institute aims to identify clinically meaningful subtypes of autism through a multidisciplinary approach and longitudinal observations.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Heather K. Hughes, Charity E. Onore, Milo Careaga, Sally J. Rogers, Paul Ashwood
Summary: The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has increased, and research has found immune risk factors for ASD and evidence of immune dysfunction and excess inflammation in autistic individuals. This study found that monocytes from autistic children produce increased IL-6 after TLR4 activation compared to typically developing children. IL-6 concentration also correlated with the severity of behaviors, suggesting potential dysfunction of myeloid cells in ASD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexandra Ramirez-Celis, Lisa A. Croen, Cathleen K. Yoshida, Stacey E. Alexeeff, Joseph Schauer, Robert H. Yolken, Paul Ashwood, Judy van de Water
Summary: Maternal autoantibody-related ASD (MAR ASD) is a subtype of autism where maternal autoantibodies cross the placenta and affect the developing brain, leading to neurodevelopmental alterations and autism-associated behaviors in the offspring. This study validated previously identified MAR ASD patterns and their accuracy in predicting ASD risk.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abdullah M. Madany, Heather K. Hughes, Paul Ashwood
Summary: This study investigated the effect of antibiotics administered to pregnant dams on offspring gut microbiome composition and metabolic capabilities, and how these changes in the microbiota may influence their immune responses in both the periphery and the brain. The results show that the antibiotic cocktail significantly altered the diversity and taxonomy of the offspring's gut microbiota. Additionally, the predicted metabolic pathways were also significantly changed. In response to LPS immune challenge, the brains of the offspring showed decreased levels of innate inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. These findings suggest that maternal antibiotic use can have long-lasting effects on the gut microbiome and neuroimmune responses of offspring.
Article
Neurosciences
Juan M. Tamayo, Destanie Rose, Jamie S. Church, Jared J. Schwartzer, Paul Ashwood
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social interactions, communication skills, and repetitive behaviors. Maternal allergic asthma may increase the likelihood of a child being diagnosed with ASD. Using a mouse model, researchers examined the effects of allergic asthma on the fetal environment and inflammatory markers. The results showed that allergic asthma altered cytokine expression in the fetal environment, leading to homeostatic and neuroinflammatory changes in the fetal brain.
Review
Immunology
H. K. Hughes, R. J. Moreno, P. Ashwood
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a diverse neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in communication and social behavior, often accompanied by restricted and repetitive behaviors. The prevalence of ASD has been increasing in recent decades, and both genetic and environmental factors are believed to contribute to its etiology. This review explores the evidence of innate immune dysfunction in ASD, including abnormal cellular function, neuroinflammation, and microglial activation.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Behavioral Sciences
Christine Wu Nordahl
Summary: Males are diagnosed with autism more frequently than females, resulting in the underrepresentation of autistic females in research studies. To better understand autistic females, it is important to recruit sex-balanced cohorts. This commentary highlights the historical context of excluding females in research and emphasizes the need for including equal numbers of autistic females in autism research.
Review
Neurosciences
Maya Jammoul, Dareen Jammoul, Kevin K. Wang, Firas Kobeissy, Ralph G. Depalma
Summary: This article reviews the possible mechanisms by which traumatic brain injury (TBI) may stimulate the development of opioid use disorder (OUD) and discusses the interaction between these two processes. CNS damage due to TBI appears to drive adverse effects of subsequent OUD, with pain being a risk factor for opioid use after TBI.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Danusa Mar Arcego, Jan-Paul Buschdorf, Nicholas O'Toole, Zihan Wang, Barbara Barth, Irina Pokhvisneva, Nirmala Arul Rayan, Sachin Patel, Euclides Jose de Mendonca Filho, Patrick Lee, Jennifer Tan, Ming Xuan Koh, Chu Ming Sim, Carine Parent, Randriely Merscher Sobreira de Lima, Andrew Clappison, Kieran J. O'Donnell, Carla Dalmaz, Janine Arloth, Nadine Provencal, Elisabeth B. Binder, Josie Diorio, Patricia Pelufo Silveira, Michael J. Meaney
Summary: This study investigates the impact of environmental influences on mental health by integrating transcriptomic data from animal models with human data. The results suggest that hippocampal glucocorticoid-related transcriptional activity mediates the effects of early adversity on neural mechanisms implicated in psychiatric disorders.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Milenna T. van Dijk, Ardesheer Talati, Pratik Kashyap, Karan Desai, Nora C. Kelsall, Marc J. Gameroff, Natalie Aw, Eyal Abraham, Breda Cullen, Jiook Cha, Christoph Anacker, Myrna M. Weissman, Jonathan Posner
Summary: This study found that maternal stress is associated with future depressive symptoms and alterations in microstructure of the dentate gyrus (DG) in offspring. These results were consistent across two independent cohorts.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Josephine C. McGowan, Liliana R. Ladner, Claire X. Shubeck, Juliana Tapia, Christina T. LaGamma, Amanda Anqueira-Gonzalez, Ariana DeFrancesco, Briana K. Chen, Holly C. Hunsberger, Ezra J. Sydnor, Ryan W. Logan, Tzong-Shiue Yu, Steven G. Kernie, Christine A. Denny
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to fear generalization by altering fear memory traces, and this symptom can be improved with (R,S)-ketamine.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)