Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jasmine Fusi, Maria Cristina Veronesi, Alberto Prandi, Monica Probo, Massimo Faustini, Tanja Peric
Summary: This study investigated the changes in sexual hormones in dogs during puberty using hair and nail samples to analyze the concentrations of testosterone (T), 17 beta-estradiol (E2), and progesterone (P4). Traditional methods using blood samples are not suitable for long-term studies, but hair and nails have been identified as suitable retrospective biological specimens. The results showed significant increases in T levels in male dogs and E2 levels at puberty and P4 levels after puberty in female dogs. Hair and nail T and nail P4 concentrations could differentiate between male and female dogs at specific sampling times. This study demonstrates the usefulness of hair and nails as biological specimens for studying the changes in T, E2, and P4 during the peripubertal period in dogs.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jasmine Fusi, Tanja Peric, Monica Probo, Roberta Bucci, Massimo Faustini, Maria Cristina Veronesi
Summary: This study aimed to verify the feasibility of using fur, claws, and dewclaws to measure 17-beta-estradiol and testosterone concentrations in postpubertal cats during the breeding season. Both fur and claws were shown to be suitable for measuring sexual hormones, and the levels of these hormones could be distinguished between male and female cats using these materials.
Article
Microbiology
Ze Wang, Mingming Chen, Na Liu, Yongkang Zhao, Jintao Ru, Chuanyu Qin, Tingdi Zhang
Summary: In this study, the metabolic mechanisms of testosterone and 17β-estradiol were compared by transcriptome analysis in C. testosteroni JLU460ET for the first time. The results showed that both substrates induced similar upregulated genes, but the induction level was higher for testosterone. A 100 kb steroid-degrading gene cluster and its associated genes were also revealed by transcriptome analysis.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Jose Erik Alvarez-Contino, Estela Diaz-Sanchez, Marina Mirchandani-Duque, Jose Andres Sanchez-Perez, Miguel A. Barbancho, Alexander Lopez-Salas, Natalia Garcia-Casares, Kjell Fuxe, Dasiel O. Borroto-Escuela, Manuel Narvaez
Summary: This study found that intranasal infusion of GALR2 and Y1R agonists promotes neuroblast proliferation and induces the expression of the neurotrophic factor BDNF in the ventral hippocampus, resulting in antidepressant effects. These effects may be mediated by increased formation of Y1R-GALR2 heteroreceptor complexes. These findings may provide a new approach for the development of novel therapies for major depressive disorder.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Timothy J. Schoenfeld, Chance Swanson
Summary: Physical exercise has wide-ranging benefits to cognitive functioning and mental state, with effects resembling enhancements to hippocampal functioning. Beta-endorphins released during exercise are a potential candidate for moderating increases in neurogenesis and related behavioral benefits. Further exploration of beta-endorphin as a key mediator of hippocampal neurogenesis could provide insights into how exercise promotes adult neurogenesis and overall brain health.
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Pit Shan Chong, Chi Him Poon, Jaydeep Roy, Ka Chun Tsui, Sze Yuen Lew, Michael Weng Lok Phang, Rachael Julia Yuenyinn Tan, Poh Guat Cheng, Man-Lung Fung, Kah Hui Wong, Lee Wei Lim
Summary: Hericium erinaceus exerts antidepressant effects by promoting neurogenesis and reducing neuroinflammation through enhancing the BDNF-TrkB-CREB signaling pathway. The neurogenesis blocker temozolomide completely eliminates the antidepressant-like effects of HE, and HE induces anti-neuroinflammatory effects by decreasing astrocyte activation in the hippocampus.
Article
Neurosciences
Ye Li, Cuiqin Fan, Rui Gao, Tian Lan, Wenjing Wang, Shu Yan Yu
Summary: The study reveals that altered levels of miR-211-5p in the hippocampal DG area have a significant impact on neurogenesis, apoptosis, and depression-like behaviors in rats. Specifically, up-regulation of miR-211-5p can alleviate depression-like behaviors, reduce neuronal apoptosis, and promote neuronal regeneration; while down-regulation of miR-211-5p can induce depression-like behaviors, increase neuronal apoptosis, and decrease neuronal regeneration.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Raphael Hirtz, Lars Libuda, Anke Hinney, Manuel Focker, Judith Buehlmeier, Paul -Martin Holterhus, Alexandra Kulle, Cordula Kiewert, Ronny Kuhnert, Caroline Cohrdes, Triinu Peters, Johannes Hebebrand, Corinna Grasemann
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between depression severity and pubertal development, as well as gonadal/adrenal hormones in girls with significant depressive symptoms. The findings suggest that age at menarche is important for adolescent depression, and it could be considered a prognostic factor for assessing the risk of depression in adolescents. Efforts should be made to address risk factors that contribute to an earlier age at menarche.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Demelza M. Smeeth, Ioanna Kourouzidou, Rodrigo R. R. Duarte, Timothy R. Powell, Sandrine Thuret
Summary: Studies suggest that sex hormones like prolactin, estradiol, and testosterone may have minor, possibly short-term effects on hippocampal neurogenesis in human cells. Further research is needed to determine if differences from previous animal studies are due to species-specific factors or limitations of the in vitro model used in this study.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Frank Adu-Nti, Xu Gao, Jia-Min Wu, Jing Li, Javed Iqbal, Riaz Ahmad, Xin-Ming Ma
Summary: This study found that Osthole (OST) can improve ovariectomy-induced cognitive impairment, alleviate anxiety and depression-like behaviors, and reverse alterations in hippocampal protein levels.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Edith Araceli Cabrera-Munoz, Gerardo Bernabe Ramirez-Rodriguez, Lizeth Diaz-Yanez, Veronica Reyes-Galindo, David Meneses-San Juan, Nelly Maritza Vega-Rivera
Summary: Melatonin, synthesized by the pineal gland, has neuroprotective and neurodevelopmental effects. It acts as an antidepressant by regulating the generation of new neurons. In this study, melatonin was shown to prevent the harmful effects of temozolomide, a chemotherapeutic drug, on depression-like behavior.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Amalia Davila-Hernandez, Roberto Gonzalez-Gonzalez, Sonia Guzman-Velazquez, Olivia Tania Hernandez Hernandez, Sergio R. Zamudio, Lucia Martinez-Mota
Summary: This study suggests that AC can improve depressive symptoms in socially isolated male rats, potentially by modulating neuroendocrine and hippocampal molecular alterations.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Holly Brettle, Vivian Tran, Grant R. Drummond, Ashley E. Franks, Steve Petrovski, Antony Vinh, Maria Jelinic
Summary: Obesity is characterized by excessive body fat accumulation and is linked to increased risks of major health problems such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and stroke. There are notable differences between sexes in the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and consequences of obesity, with females generally having better protection than males. This protection has been attributed to sex hormone estrogen and differences in fat distribution. More recent research highlights the role of differences in gut microbiota composition and function, as well as the intestinal immune system, in the sexual dimorphisms of obesity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Claudia Maistrelli, Marion Schmicke, Martina Hoedemaker, Ursula Siebert
Summary: This study is significant for understanding the sexual maturation process of wild boars. By measuring the concentrations of testosterone and estradiol, the sexual maturity status of wild boars can be determined. The research found that wild boars before 12 months of age had high hormone levels, indicating that they may attempt to reproduce. The hormone levels at the end of the mating season were high, shifting the farrowing time from spring to summer.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Il Bin Kim, Seon-Cheol Park
Summary: Depression is characterized by impairments in adult neurogenesis, particularly in the hippocampus. Disruption of hippocampal neurogenesis in depression may be a consequence of neural circuitry impairments, with the entorhinal cortex playing a regulatory role. However, the exact mechanisms by which disruption of neural circuitry leads to neurogenesis impairments in depression, specifically regarding the regulatory role of the entorhinal cortex, remain unclear.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Maya Jammoul, Dareen Jammoul, Kevin K. Wang, Firas Kobeissy, Ralph G. Depalma
Summary: This article reviews the possible mechanisms by which traumatic brain injury (TBI) may stimulate the development of opioid use disorder (OUD) and discusses the interaction between these two processes. CNS damage due to TBI appears to drive adverse effects of subsequent OUD, with pain being a risk factor for opioid use after TBI.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Danusa Mar Arcego, Jan-Paul Buschdorf, Nicholas O'Toole, Zihan Wang, Barbara Barth, Irina Pokhvisneva, Nirmala Arul Rayan, Sachin Patel, Euclides Jose de Mendonca Filho, Patrick Lee, Jennifer Tan, Ming Xuan Koh, Chu Ming Sim, Carine Parent, Randriely Merscher Sobreira de Lima, Andrew Clappison, Kieran J. O'Donnell, Carla Dalmaz, Janine Arloth, Nadine Provencal, Elisabeth B. Binder, Josie Diorio, Patricia Pelufo Silveira, Michael J. Meaney
Summary: This study investigates the impact of environmental influences on mental health by integrating transcriptomic data from animal models with human data. The results suggest that hippocampal glucocorticoid-related transcriptional activity mediates the effects of early adversity on neural mechanisms implicated in psychiatric disorders.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Milenna T. van Dijk, Ardesheer Talati, Pratik Kashyap, Karan Desai, Nora C. Kelsall, Marc J. Gameroff, Natalie Aw, Eyal Abraham, Breda Cullen, Jiook Cha, Christoph Anacker, Myrna M. Weissman, Jonathan Posner
Summary: This study found that maternal stress is associated with future depressive symptoms and alterations in microstructure of the dentate gyrus (DG) in offspring. These results were consistent across two independent cohorts.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Josephine C. McGowan, Liliana R. Ladner, Claire X. Shubeck, Juliana Tapia, Christina T. LaGamma, Amanda Anqueira-Gonzalez, Ariana DeFrancesco, Briana K. Chen, Holly C. Hunsberger, Ezra J. Sydnor, Ryan W. Logan, Tzong-Shiue Yu, Steven G. Kernie, Christine A. Denny
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to fear generalization by altering fear memory traces, and this symptom can be improved with (R,S)-ketamine.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2024)